scholarly journals Core–shell ZnO:Ga-SiO2 nanocrystals: limiting particle agglomeration and increasing luminescence via surface defect passivation

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (50) ◽  
pp. 28946-28952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Procházková ◽  
Vojtěch Vaněček ◽  
Václav Čuba ◽  
Radek Pjatkan ◽  
Rosana Martinez-Turtos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Luminescence Intensity ◽  
Surface Defect ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Particle Agglomeration ◽  
Defect Passivation ◽  
The Cost

Heat treatment is needed to increase the luminescence intensity of ZnO:Ga particles, but it comes at the cost of higher particle agglomeration.

scholarly journals The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Novel Low-Cost Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe Alloy

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3798
Author(s):  
Meng Sun ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Yanhua Guo ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yuecheng Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
The Cost

In order to reduce the cost of titanium alloys, a novel low-cost Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe (Ti-35421) titanium alloy was developed. The influence of heat treatment on the microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of the new alloy was investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of Ti-35421 alloy consists of a lamina primary α phase and a β phase after the solution treatment at the α + β region. After aging treatment, the secondary α phase precipitates in the β matrix. The precipitation of the secondary α phase is closely related to heat treatment parameters—the volume fraction and size of the secondary α phase increase when increasing the solution temperature or aging time. At the same solution temperature and aging time, the secondary α phase became coarser, and the fraction decreased with increasing aging temperature. When Ti-35421 alloy was solution-treated at the α + β region for 1 h with aging surpassing 8 h, the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and reduction of the area were achieved in a range of 1172.7–1459.0 MPa, 1135.1–1355.5 MPa, 5.2–11.8%, and 7.5–32.5%, respectively. The novel low-cost Ti-35421 alloy maintains mechanical properties and reduces the cost of materials compared with Ti-3Al-5Mo-5V-4Cr-2Zr (Ti-B19) alloy.

A Robust Optimization Method for Systems With Significant Nonlinear Effects

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyh-Cheng Yu ◽  
Kosuke Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Robust Optimization ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Post Heat Treatment ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Estimation Scheme ◽  
Optimization Methodology ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Cost

Abstract This paper describes a robust optimization methodology for design involving either complex simulations or actual experiments. The proposed procedure optimizes the worst case response that consists of a weighted sum of expected mean and response variance. The estimation scheme for expected mean and variance adopts the modified 3-point Gauss quadrature integration to assure superior accuracy for systems with significant nonlinear effects. We apply the proposed method to the robust design of geometric parameters of heat treated parts to minimize the cost of post heat treatment operations. The paper investigates the major factors influencing geometric distortions due to heat treatment and the rules of thumb in design. The study focuses on relating dimensional distortion to the design of part geometry. To illustrate the utility of the proposed method, we present the formulation of a case study on allocation of dimensions of preheat treated (green) shafts to minimize the cost of post heat treatment operations. The final result is not presented yet pending the completion of further experiments.

Application of Electric Field during the Heat Treatment: The Device Development and the Effect on Mechanical Properties of AA 6082

2019 ◽  
Vol 950 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Zhen Hai Xu ◽  
Chao Ran Ding ◽  
De Bin Shan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Nickel Wire ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Device Development ◽  
The Cost

With the ever-increasing concern about the energy and environment crises, aluminum alloys are becoming increasingly desirable in the automotive, aerospace, construction and other related industries due to their high specific strength. Various heat-treatment–stamping integrated techniques have been invented to address the formability challenge of aluminum alloy sheets. Electric field affects the heat treatment process of aluminum alloys. In this paper, a device for application of electric field during the heat treatment was developed. The maximum dimensions of specimen are determined via observing the distortion of metal sheets after quenching in cool water. The high-temperature resistant pure nickel wire gains a high-voltage proof performance by wearing bowl-shaped porcelain tubes, and is used to connect electrodes to power supply. The high-voltage resistant mica plates are bolted together to fill the gap between the specimen and electrode. This device was then used in a common commercial furnace to study the effect of electric field applied during the heat treatment on mechanical properties of AA 6082 sheets. It is found that electric field could enhance mechanical properties of AA 6082. The application of electric field has a potential to lower the cost of heat-treatment–stamping integrated techniques.

Heat Treatment, Ozarks Cherts, and Prehistoric Toolstone Use in Southwest Missouri

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Byers ◽  
Craig Picka ◽  
Jack H. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Manufacturing Strategy ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Lithic Assemblages ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Treatment Experiment ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Investment Models

Burlington and Jefferson City cherts often dominate Ozarks lithic assemblages, and this record contains ample evidence for the heat treatment of both. In this paper, we use a technological investment model to understand why prehistoric knappers may have invested in heat treatment at the Big Eddy Site in southwest Missouri. Tech investment models offer one way to evaluate the cost-benefit relationships of various technologies and, consequently, the conditions under which a manufacturing strategy might be adopted. We conduct a heat treatment experiment to measure the untreated utilities of the two materials, the approximate time needed to heat each, and the resultant gains in utility a knapper acquires by spending the time to do so. In the Big Eddy case, the tech investment model suggests that the two toolstones were heat-treated differentially in response to differences in utility gains and availability on the landscape.

Phase Constitution and Heat Treatment Behavior of Low Cost Ti-Mn System Alloys

2013 ◽  
Vol 551 ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Ikeda ◽  
Masato Ueda ◽  
Kaoru Imaizumi ◽  
Mitsuo Niinomi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Phase Constitution ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Fe Alloys ◽  
The Cost

This paper is a review of results for Ti-Mn [1], Ti-Mn-Al [2] and Ti-Mn-Fe [3] alloys that have been previously published. Titanium alloys, especially beta-type titanium alloys, have high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility. Unfortunately, applications of titanium alloys are limited by their relatively higher cost. One reason is the use of rare and expensive metallic elements, such as vanadium and molybdenum, as a beta stabilizer. In order to reduce the cost, inexpensive and abundantly available metallic elements should be used as beta stabilizers. Manganese was adopted as a beta stabilizer because it is an abundant metallic element in the Earth’s crust and is relatively low in cost. The heat treatment behavior of Ti-Mn, Ti-Mn-Al and Ti-Mn-Fe alloys was investigated through electrical resistivity and Vickers hardness measurements, X-ray diffraction measurements to identify phase constitution, and observations using a light microscope [1], [2] and [3].

Development of High Strength-High Conductivity Cu-6 wt% Ag Alloy for High Field Magnet

MRS Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (17) ◽  
pp. 1137-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Sakai ◽  
Takaaki Hibaru ◽  
Kiyoshi Miura ◽  
Akira Matsuo ◽  
Koushi Kawaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Field ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Pulsed Magnets ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University ◽  
Heat Treatment Method

ABSTRACTOne of the authors developed the high strength and high conductivity Cu-24 wt% Ag alloy as a conductor material for high field magnets twenty years ago.Wire and sheet of the alloy have been used as a conductor material for pulsed magnets or resistive magnets of the high magnetic field facilities of each country. However, the alloy required large quantities of Ag addition to achieve high strength. The cost performance and workability of the alloy were not good for that. So, we investigated possibility of low Cu-Ag alloy for decreasing in material cost and improving in workability. We succeeded in the development of the Cu-6 wt% Ag alloy by the new heat treatment which is superior to the characteristic of the Cu-24 wt% Ag alloy even if the amount of Ag content is decreased in 1/4.At present, we make a lot of high field pulsed magnets by using the Cu-6 wt% Ag wire manufactured industrially, and do that magnetic field experiment and are getting good results at the ISSP, the university of Tokyo. We will talk about the characteristic, new heat treatment method and the manufacturing process of the conductor material for the Cu-6 wt% Ag alloy.

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