scholarly journals Influence of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and 2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane (MDO) on the properties of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 11833-11841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangquan Zhao ◽  
Bin Pi ◽  
Liping Zhao ◽  
Shoujin Tian ◽  
Jianfei Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine ◽  
Bone Filling

The properties of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement make it a popular bone filling material.

N-acetyl cysteine prevents polymethyl methacrylate bone cement extract-induced cell death and functional suppression of rat primary osteoblasts

2010 ◽  
Vol 92A (1) ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Aita ◽  
Naoki Tsukimura ◽  
Masahiro Yamada ◽  
Norio Hori ◽  
Katsutoshi Kubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine ◽  
Primary Osteoblasts

Effect of Interface Conditions between Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene and Polymethyl Methacrylate Bone Cement on the Mechanical Behaviour of Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Oosterom ◽  
R A J van Ostayen ◽  
V Antonelli ◽  
H E N Bersee
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty ◽  
Interface Condition ◽  
Glenoid Component ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the interface condition between polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement and the ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMWPE) glenoid component on cement stresses and glenoid component tilting in a finite element (FE) model. The background of this research is that most FE models assume bonding between the PMMA bone cement and the UHMWPE component, although it is very doubtful that this bonding is present. An FE model of a cemented glenoid component was developed and a joint compression force and subluxation force of 725 and 350 N respectively were applied. The maximal principal stresses in the cement layer ranged between 21.30 and 32.18 MPa. Glenoid component tilting ranged between 0.943° and 0.513°. It was found that the interface condition has a large effect on the maximal principal stresses and glenoid component tilting. Whether adhesion between the UHMWPE component and PMMA bone cement occurs is unknown beforehand and, as a result, design validation using the FE technique should be carried out both by using contact elements in combination with a coefficient of friction as well as by a full bonding at this interface.

scholarly journals Designer Cranioplasty at Budget Prices: A Novel Use of 3D Printing Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thirumal Yerragunta ◽  
Reddy Ramanadha Kanala ◽  
Vamsi Krishna Yerramneni ◽  
Swapnil Kolpakawar ◽  
Vasundhara Rangan
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Exact Shape

Abstract Background Cranioplasty using synthetic materials for restoration of the exact shape of the skull has always remained a challenge until the development of 3D printing technology. However, the high-cost of available 3D printed implants limits their extensive use. Objectives To study the effectiveness of a low-cost, 3D-printed template for molding the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (bone cement) in order to achieve exact contours of the skull specific to each patient. Materials and Methods 10 cranioplasties have been performed between July 2018 to December 2019 in a variety of craniotomy defects using bone cement flaps shaped using custom-made molds. The mold was 3D-printed and based on each patient’s CT images in digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM). Miniplates and screws were used to fix the flap. Postoperatively, clinical and radiological evaluation were done to assess patient satisfaction and accuracy of contour achieved. Results Patient satisfaction as well as accuracy of contouring, as seen on postoperative CT scans, were excellent. There were no notable complications on follow-up. Conclusion PMMA cranioplasty flap, contoured using a 3D-printed mold, is a very cost-effective alternative for restoration of skull contour for various craniotomy defects.Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) molded to form the exact shape of lost calvarium using 3D printed plastic templates is a smart and economical solution

scholarly journals Elastoplasty: A Silicon Polymer as a New Filling Material for Kyphoplasty in Comparison to PMMA

2016 ◽  
Vol 6;19 (6;7) ◽  
pp. E885-E892
Author(s):  
Rahel Bornemann
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Balloon Kyphoplasty ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Vertebral Height ◽  
Matched Pair Analysis ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Pair Analysis

Background: Painful vertebral compression fractures (VCF) caused by osteoporosis are a common health problem in the elderly population. If conservative treatments are unsuccessful, surgical treatments like vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty are recommended. But the use of Polymethylmethacrylat (PMMA) bone cement for augmentation surgery is associated with risks. Objectives: Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of a newly developed silicon polymer (VK100) that can be used instead of PMMA bone cement for kyphoplasty treatments. Study Design: A retrospective study of 30 patients comparing the outcomes of kyphoplasty treatments conducted with PMMA and VK100. Setting: Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Bonn, Germany. Methods: Thirty patients with one to 3 VCF were treated either with balloon kyphoplasty using VK100 or balloon kyphoplasty using PMMA bone cement. Data from both groups was compared by a matched pair analysis. The medial vertebral height was measured at each examination radiologically. The patients stated their pain intensity using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the patient’s functional impairment was evaluated with the Oswestry-Disability-Index (ODI). All data were assessed before surgery, and 3 days, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. Intraoperative and postoperative adverse events were documented. Results: The patients’ functional impairment and pain improved significantly after surgery. The course of ODI and VAS was comparable in both treatment groups, but the improvement in the VK group was significantly ongoing until the 12 month follow-up. Vertebral height improvement was significant in both groups, but the PMMA group achieved a better absolute restoration. The vertebral height stayed constant during the follow-up in the VK group and worsened significantly in the PMMA group. There was no significant difference between groups concerning the occurrence of additional fractures; and no other types of complications or surgery-related adverse events were observed in either the PMMA group or in the VK group. Limitations: The study is only a matched pair analysis of 15 patients for each procedure and the amount of injected filling material was not recorded. Conclusion(s): The study results demonstrate that the clinical outcome of VAS and ODI of using the silicon polymer VK100 is comparable or slightly better than using PMMA. VK 100 shows a trend to minor additional fractures during the follow-up. However, height restoration is not satisfactory in comparison to PMMA, although vertebral height stayed more or less constant in the VK group. To address the augmentation success further, it would be necessary to study a larger patient group over a longer study period and to assess additional parameters such as bone density and injected amount of filling material. Key words: Vertebral compression fracture, kyphoplasty, augmentation, osteoporosis, back pain, VK 100, elastoplasty

scholarly journals Influence of HRGO Nanoplatelets on Behaviour and Processing of PMMA Bone Cement for Surgery

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2027
Author(s):  
Jaime Orellana ◽  
Ynés Yohana Pastor ◽  
Fernando Calle ◽  
José Ygnacio Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Structural Function ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Bone cement, frequently based on poly (methyl methacrylate), is commonly used in different arthroplasty surgical procedures and its use is essential for prosthesis fixation. However, its manufacturing process reaches high temperatures (up to 120 °C), producing necrosis in the patients' surrounding tissues. To help avoid this problem, the addition of graphene could delay the polymerisation of the methyl methacrylate as it could, simultaneously, favour the optimisation of the composite material's properties. In this work, we address the effect of different percentages of highly reduced graphene oxide with different wt.% (0.10, 0.50, and 1.00) and surface densities (150, 300, 500, and 750 m2/g) on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of commercial poly (methyl methacrylate)-based bone cement and its processing. It was noted that a lower sintering temperature was achieved with this addition, making it less harmful to use in surgery and reducing its adverse effects. In contrast, the variation of the density of the materials did not introduce significant changes, which indicates that the addition of highly reduced graphene oxide would not significantly increase bone porosity. Lastly, the mechanical properties (strength, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness) were reduced by almost 20%. Nevertheless, their typical values are high enough that these new materials could still fulfil their structural function. In conclusion, this paper presents a way to control the sintering temperature, without significant degradation of the mechanical performance, by adding highly reduced graphene oxide so that local necrosis of bone cement based on poly (methyl methacrylate) used in surgery is avoided.

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