scholarly journals Aggregation-induced emission characteristics of o-carborane-functionalized fluorene and its heteroanalogs: the influence of heteroatoms on photoluminescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyan Wu ◽  
Jixi Guo ◽  
Yan Lv ◽  
Dianzeng Jia ◽  
Jianzhang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Luminescence Properties ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Aggregation Induced Emission

o-Carborane was used to alter the electronic states of π-conjugated organic aryls and was demonstrated as an effective electronic control unit to tune the photophysical properties, endowing the molecules with certain luminescence properties.

Critical review towards thermal management systems of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicle with its electronic control unit and assessment tools

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702098286
Author(s):  
C Kannan ◽  
R Vignesh ◽  
C Karthick ◽  
B Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System

Lithium-ion batteries are facing difficulties in an aspect of protection towards battery thermal safety issues which leads to performance degradation or thermal runaway. To negate these issues an effective battery thermal management system is absolute pre-requisite to safeguard the lithium-ion batteries. In this context to support the future endeavours and to improvise battery thermal management system (BTMS) design and its operation the article reveals on three aspects through the analysis of scientific literatures. First, this paper collates the present research progress and status of various battery management strategies employed to lithium-ion batteries. Further, to promote stable and efficient BTMS operation as an initiation the extensive attention is paid towards roles of BTMS electronic control unit and also presented the essential functionality need to consider for designing best BTMS control strategy. Finally, elucidates the various unconventional assessment tools can be employed to recognize the suitable thermal management technique and also for establish optimum BTMS operation based on requirements. From the experience of this article additionally delivers some of the research gaps identified and the essential areas need to focus for the development of superior lithium-ion BTMS technology. All the contents reveal in this article will hopefully assist to the design commercially suitable effective BTMS technology especially for electro-mobility application.

scholarly journals Electronic control unit development and emissions evaluation for hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel engines

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781401881407
Author(s):  
Yasin Karagöz ◽  
Majid Mohammad Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines

In this study, it was aimed to operate today’s compression ignition engines easily in dual-fuel mode with a developed electronic control unit. Especially, diesel engines with mechanical fuel system can be easily converted to common-rail fuel system with a developed electronic control unit. Also, with this developed electronic control unit, old technology compression ignition engines can be turned into dual-fuel mode easily. Thus, thanks to the flexibility of engine maps to be loaded into the electronic control unit, diesel engines can conveniently be operated with alternative gas fuels and diesel dual fuel. In particular, hydrogen, an alternative, environmentally friendly, and clean gas fuel, can easily be used with diesel engines by pilot spraying. Software and hardware development of electronic control unit are made, in order to operate a diesel engine with diesel+hydrogen dual fuel. Finally, developed electronic control unit was reviewed on 1500 r/min stable engine speed on different hydrogen energy rates (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% hydrogen) according to thermic efficiency and emissions (CO, total unburned hydrocarbons, NOx, and smoke), and apart from NOx emissions, a significant improvement has been obtained. There was no increased NOx emission on 15% hydrogen working condition; however, on 45% hydrogen working condition, a dramatic increase arose.

Electronic Control Unit Design of Electronically Controlled Air Suspension (ECAS) for Vehicle Based on Freescale Microcontroller

2014 ◽  
Vol 494-495 ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
Xin Qiang Liu ◽  
Tian Yi Yan
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Automotive Electronics ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Hardware System ◽  
Air Suspension ◽  
Signal Collection ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
Electronically Controlled Air Suspension

With the development of automotive electronics industry, the car which has electronically controlled air suspension is gained wide application. we designed an electronic control unit of automobile electronically controlled air suspension system (ECAS) including the hardware system which include the speed signal collection and processing circuit, the solenoid valve drive circuit, the CAN communication design, height detection circuit, Freescale microcontroller etc and the control strategy while propose some the basic ideas, based on Freescale microcontroller, after introducing the composition and the principle of electronically controlled air suspension. The ECAS can improve vehicle fuel economy, ride comfort and traffic-ability.

A New Hardware-in-the-Loop Test System for Electronic Control Unit of Dual-Clutch Transmission Vehicle

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Chen ◽  
Lin Mi ◽  
Wei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Test System ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Dual Clutch Transmission

Hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) is a scheme that incorporates some hardware components of primary concern in the numerical simulation environment. This paper discusses the implementation and benefits of using the HIL testing system for electronic control unit of dual-clutch transmission (DCT) vehicle.

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN ALAT PENDETEKSI KESALAHAN PADA PEMASANGAN TERMINAL BATERAI KENDARAAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Saparudin Saparudin ◽  
Sukma Firdaus ◽  
Marlia Adriana
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Capacitive Discharge ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Discharge Ignition

Dunia otomotif berkembang sangat cepat, contohnya pada sistem pengapian kendaraan, mulai dari penggunaan platina, Capacitive Discharge Ignition (CDI), dan sekarang Electronic Control Unit (ECU) yang memerlukan sistem kelistrikan. Sumber listrik utama pada kendaraan adalah baterai yang menyuplai arus searah. Hasil putaran mesin di ubah oleh dinamo isi menjadi energi listrik, salah satu fungsinya untuk mengaktifkan material pada komponen baterai yang tidak bisa terus menerus aktif menyuplai daya listrik. Maka dari itu perawatan  pada aki harus dilakukan secara berkala, mulai dari mengecek kondisi baterai sampai mengganti dengan baterai yang baru. Pada saat pergantian baterai, terminal baterai dilepas dan dipasang kembali. Dalam hal ini, terdeteksi terjadinya kesalahan pada saat pemasangan terminal baterai, baik karena kelalaian, terburu-buru dan hal lain yang memacu serta produksi kendaraan hanya memberikan indikasi kutub baterai dengan tanda dan warna,  yang tidak bisa menjamin hal tersebut.  Dampak yang ditimbulkan adalah kendaraan tidak dapat dihidupkan. Current Protector adalah sebuah alat yang dapat mendeteksi, mengamankan dan memberitahukan apabila terjadi kesalahan pada saat pemasangan terminal baterai. Alat ini tersusun oleh komponen-komponen elektronik dioda, relay, resistor, light emitting diode (LED), Buzzer  dan sekering. Sehingga, meskipun pemasangan terminal aki tertukar, kendaraan masih dapat dihidupkan.

Automatic Requirement Classification: Tackling Inconsistencies Between Requirements and Regulations

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 47-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ott ◽  
Frank Houdek
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Requirement Engineering ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Current Requirement ◽  
Requirement Specifications

Current Requirement Engineering research must face the need to deal with the increasing scale of today's requirement specifications. One important and recent research direction is handling the consistency assurance between large scale specifications and many additional regulations (e.g. national and international norms and standards), which the specifications must consider or satisfy. For example, the specification volume for a single electronic control unit (ECU) in the automotive domain sums up to 3000 to 5000 pages distributed over 30 to 300 individual documents (specification and regulations). In this work, we present an approach to automatically classify the requirements in a set of specification documents and regulations to content topics in order to improve review activities in identifying cross-document inconsistencies. An essential success criteria for this approach from an industrial perspective is a sufficient classification quality with minimal manual effort. In this paper, we show the results of an evaluation in the domain of automotive specifications at Mercedes-Benz passenger cars. The results show that one manually classified specification is sufficient to derive automatic classifications for other documents within this domain with satisfactory recall and precision. So, the approach of using content topics is not only effective but also efficient in large scale industrial environments.

Missing Combustion Diagnosis: Distinguishing Between Misfire and Misfuel

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Corti
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Fault Recognition ◽  
System Life ◽  
The Right

On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) regulations impose missing combustions detection within a wide portion of the engine operating range. Missing combustions can be caused either by ignition (misfire) or injection (misfuel) system failures. Missing combustions can damage the catalyst and cause abrupt pollutants increases (especially HC), but misfuels are not as detrimental as misfires, both from the emissions and the after treatment system life point of view. It would be important for the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) to be informed not only about the fault event, but also about its type, for the purpose of setting the right recovery strategy. The aim of this paper is to analyze missing combustion phenomena, in order to find out if a fault recognition strategy able to distinguish between misfire and misfuel can be setup. Different approaches can be found in the literature to diagnose missing combustions: many of them are based on the speed signal analysis, both in time and frequency domains, others use the knock accelerometer signal, or the exhaust manifold pressure information. A Universal Exhaust Gas Oxygen (UEGO) sensor can also be used. Usually diagnosis methodologies consist in observing signals perturbations subsequent to the malfunction event. Observable consequences of missing combustions are, for example, a sudden lack of indicated torque, causing vibrations and speed fluctuations, an increasing in exhaust gases Oxygen content, anomalous exhaust pressure ripples, etc. Many phenomena interact influencing in different ways the engine behavior, during and after the fault event: their effect can depend on the fault cause, thus helping the recognition. The first combustion taking place in the faulty cylinder after a misfire (post-misfiring cycle) usually leads to higher indicated pressure and torque levels if compared to standard values for the same operating conditions, while the same cannot be said for the post-misfueling combustion. On the other side, Air-Fuel Ratio (AFR) assumes different trends during the misfiring and post-misfiring cycles, with respect to misfueling and post-misfueling cycles. A 4 cylinders 1.2 liters spark ignition port injected engine, equipped with a programmable Electronic Control Unit (ECU) has been tested on the test bench, inducing both misfires and misfuels, over a wide engine operating range, while monitoring the engine faulty behavior. Misfire and misfuel-related phenomena have been analyzed showing their “signature” on indicated pressure and torque, engine speed and Air-Fuel Ratio measured signals, in order to define the most reliable recognition strategy.

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