New versatile bimolecular photoinitiating systems based on amino-m-terphenyl derivatives for cationic, free-radical and thiol–ene photopolymerization under low intensity UV-A and visible light sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Hola ◽  
Maciej Pilch ◽  
Mariusz Galek ◽  
Joanna Ortyl
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Diphenyliodonium Salt

The performance of a series of 2-amino-4,6-diphenyl-benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile derivatives as visible light sensitizers for diphenyliodonium salt for enabling photopolymerization at different irradiation wavelengths was studied.

scholarly journals Photochemical Study of a New Bimolecular Photoinitiating System for Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing Techniques under Visible Light

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Fiedor ◽  
Maciej Pilch ◽  
Patryk Szymaszek ◽  
Anna Chachaj-Brekiesz ◽  
Mariusz Galek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Hydrogen Abstraction ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Photosensitive Resin ◽  
Printing Techniques ◽  
Test Objects

In this work, we presented a new bimolecular photoinitiating system based on 2-amino-4,6-diphenylpyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives as visible photosensitizers of diphenyliodonium salt. Real-time FTIR and photo-DSC photopolymerization experiments with a cycloaliphatic epoxide and vinyl monomers showed surprisingly good reactivity of the bimolecular photoinitiating systems under UV-A, as well as under visible light sources. Steady-state photolysis, fluorescence experiments, theoretical calculations of molecular orbitals, and electrochemical analysis demonstrated photo-redox behavior as well as the ability to form initiating species via photo-reduction or photo-oxidation pathways, respectively. Therefore, the 2-amino-4,6-diphenylpyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives were also investigated as a type II free-radical photoinitiator with amine. It was confirmed that the 2-amino-4,6-diphenylpyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives, in combination with different types of additives, e.g., amine as a co-initiator or the presence of onium salt, can act as bimolecular photoinitiating systems for cationic, free-radical, and thiol-ene photopolymerization processes by hydrogen abstraction and/or electron transfer reactions stimulated by either near-UV or visible light irradiation. Finally, the 2-amino-4,6-diphenylpyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives were selected for 3D printing rapid prototyping experiments. Test objects were successfully printed using purely cationic photosensitive resin, created on a 3D printer with a visible LED light source.

scholarly journals Photochemistry and Radical Chemistry under Low Intensity Visible Light Sources: Application to Photopolymerization Reactions

Molecules ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 15026-15041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Lalevée ◽  
Fabrice Morlet-Savary ◽  
Céline Dietlin ◽  
Bernadette Graff ◽  
Jean-Pierre Fouassier
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Radical Chemistry ◽  
Low Intensity

Design, Synthesis and Use of Phthalocyanines as a New Class of Visible-Light Photoinitiators for Free-Radical and Cationic Polymerizations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davy-Louis Versace ◽  
Louise Breloy ◽  
Yusuf Yagci ◽  
Ismail Yilmaz ◽  
Ozgur Yavuz
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
New Class ◽  
Optical Stability ◽  
Cationic Polymerizations

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are interesting molecules offering a fascinating chemistry world which received tremendous interest in the last decade. Their certain features such as high thermal, chemical, and optical stability as...

scholarly journals Panchromatic Copper Complexes for Visible Light Photopolymerization

Photochem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-189
Author(s):  
Alexandre Mau ◽  
Guillaume Noirbent ◽  
Céline Dietlin ◽  
Bernadette Graff ◽  
Didier Gigmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Free Radical Polymerization ◽  
Photoluminescence Properties ◽  
System Formation ◽  
Iodonium Salt ◽  
Visible Light Photopolymerization ◽  
Cationic Polymerizations

In this work, eleven heteroleptic copper complexes were designed and studied as photoinitiators of polymerization in three-component photoinitiating systems in combination with an iodonium salt and an amine. Notably, ten of them exhibited panchromatic behavior and could be used for long wavelengths. Ferrocene-free copper complexes were capable of efficiently initiating both the radical and cationic polymerizations and exhibited similar performances to that of the benchmark G1 system. Formation of acrylate/epoxy IPNs was also successfully performed even upon irradiation at 455 nm or at 530 nm. Interestingly, all copper complexes containing the 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene ligand were not photoluminescent, evidencing that ferrocene could efficiently quench the photoluminescence properties of copper complexes. Besides, these ferrocene-based complexes were capable of efficiently initiating free radical polymerization processes. The ferrocene moiety introduced in the different copper complexes affected neither their panchromatic behaviors nor their abilities to initiate free radical polymerizations.

scholarly journals Free Radical Chemistry Enabled by Visible Light-Induced Electron Transfer

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2295-2306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Staveness ◽  
Irene Bosque ◽  
Corey R. J. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Radical Chemistry ◽  
Free Radical Chemistry

A Visible Light Initiating System for Free Radical Promoted Cationic Polymerization

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (14) ◽  
pp. 3683-3693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubai Bi ◽  
Douglas C. Neckers
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Cationic Polymerization

scholarly journals A perspective on high photon flux nonclassical light and applications in nonlinear optics

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Lamprou ◽  
I. Liontos ◽  
N. C. Papadakis ◽  
P. Tzallas
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Optics ◽  
Quantum Optics ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Nonclassical Light ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
High Photon Flux ◽  
Quantum Technology

Abstract Nonclassical light sources have a vital role in quantum optics as they offer a unique resource for studies in quantum technology. However, their applicability is restricted by their low intensity, while the development of new schemes producing intense nonclassical light is a challenging task. In this perspective article, we discuss potential schemes that could be used towards the development of high photon flux nonclassical light sources and their future prospects in nonlinear optics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Aircrew Low-Intensity Threat Laser Eye Protection

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 593-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D Reddix ◽  
Matthew E Funke ◽  
Micah J Kinney ◽  
John L Bradley ◽  
Greg Irvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Night Vision ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Eye Protection ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Color Symbol

Abstract Prototype low-intensity threat laser eye protection (LIT-LEP) spectacles were evaluated for US Coast Guard (USCG) cockpits and night vision goggle compatibility. The impetus for interest in aviation LIT-LEP is driven in part by the fact that easily accessible 0.5–2.0 W high-power laser pointers exceed safety standards for direct on-axis viewing. A repeated-measures experimental design was used to assess LIT-LEP performance relative to a no-LEP control for the following tasks: Near- and far contrast acuity, night vision goggle far-contrast acuity, emissive and non-emissive light source color-vision screening, and USCG multifunctional display color symbol discrimination reaction time and accuracy. Near- and far-contrast acuity results demonstrated good LIT-LEP performance for typical in- and out-of-cockpit lighting conditions. Night vision goggle performance suffered marginally at only one contrast level (85%; 20/30 acuity line). Color vision test results showed good color balance in that S-, M-, and L-cone performance did not demonstrate a clinical diagnostic color defect for emissive or non-emissive light sources when wearing LIT-LEP. Color symbol discrimination reaction-time-task results based on inverse efficiency scores revealed that some non-primary flight display colors exhibited a combination of slower speed and decreased accuracy. The findings will contribute to an acquisition decision as well as guide future LEP designs.

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