Effect of sulfated polysaccharides on the digestion of DNA by pepsin under simulated gastric juice in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1790-1797
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Xiaochen Jiang ◽  
Xiaojing Li ◽  
Ping Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Dietary Dna

Sulfated polysaccharide can inhibit the degradation of dietary DNA by pepsin, mainly driven by the interaction between polysaccharides and DNA, secondly polysaccharide and pepsin.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antimitotic activities of sulfated polysaccharide from marine brown algae Padina tetrastromatica

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geena Mariya Jose ◽  
Anitha Radhakrishnan ◽  
G Muraleedhara Kurup
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Padina Tetrastromatica ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical

<p class="Default">Antioxidants play a central role in the prevention of carcinogenesis. The most natural compounds exhibit their protective effects by eliciting antioxidant potential. Sulfated polysaccharide was isolated from the brown algae <em>Padina tetrastromatica</em>, then purified and evaluated for its composition and <em>in vitro </em>antioxidant and antimitotic activities. Both ethanolic sulfated polysaccharide (ESPS) and ethanolic sulfated polysaccharide-column purified (ESPS-CP) exhibited considerable amount of carbohydrates (11.2% and 17.6%), sulfate (11.4% and 7.4%), fucose (5.5% and 15.7%), uronic acid (4.7% and 11.8%), xylose (0.5% and 0.03%) and sulfated polysaccharide (2.4% and 12.7%) content. The FTIR analysis and phytochemical screening also confirmed the presence of sulfated polysaccharides. In the <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant activity determination using DPPH (1-1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide anion scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity and reducing power, ESPS showed more activity than ESPS-CP. In the case of nitric oxide radical scavenging, ESPS-CP was found to be more effective. At a concentration of 2mg/ml, both samples were potent antioxidants with significant IC<sub>50</sub> values. The antimitotic studies such as mitotic index in onion root tips and sprouting assay in green gram seeds also proved that both the extracts are able to prevent mitosis. The extrapolation of these results can find opportunities in therapeutic regiments of cancer.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Chemical Structure and Anticoagulant Property of a Novel Sulfated Polysaccharide from the Green Alga Cladophora oligoclada

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Meijia He ◽  
Yajing Yang ◽  
Zhuling Shao ◽  
Junyan Zhang ◽  
Changning Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Alga ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Marine Macroalgae ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
At Iii

Marine macroalgae are efficient producers of sulfated polysaccharides. The algal sulfated polysaccharides possess diverse bioactivities and peculiar chemical structures, and represent a great potential source to be explored. In the present study, a heparinoid-active sulfated polysaccharide was isolated from the green alga Cladophora oligoclada. Results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses indicated that the sulfated polysaccharide was composed of →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, β-d-Galp-(1→, →6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→ and →3)-β-d-Galp-(1→ units with sulfate esters at C-2/C-4 of →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, C-6 of →3)-β-d-Galp-(1→ and C-3 of →6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→ units. The branches consisting of β-d-Galp-(1→ and →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→ units were located in C-3 of →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→ units. The sulfated polysaccharide exhibited potent anticoagulant activity in vitro and in vivo as evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time, and the fibrinogen level. For the APTT, the signal for clotting time was more than 200 s at 100 μg/mL in vitro and at 15 mg/kg in vivo. The obvious thrombolytic activity of the sulfated polysaccharide in vitro was also found. The mechanism analysis of anticoagulant action demonstrated that the sulfated polysaccharide significantly inhibited the activities of all intrinsic coagulation factors, which were less than 1.0% at 50 μg/mL, but selectively inhibited common coagulation factors. Furthermore, the sulfated polysaccharide strongly stimulated the inhibition of thrombin by potentiating antithrombin-III (AT-III) or heparin cofactor-II, and it also largely promoted the inhibition of factor Xa mediated by AT-III. These results revealed that the sulfated polysaccharide from C. oligoclada had potential to become an anticoagulant agent for prevention and therapy of thrombotic diseases.

scholarly journals In vitro effects of an Acanthophora muscoides (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) native and modified sulfated polysaccharide fraction on thrombin generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e49082
Author(s):  
José Ariévilo Gurgel Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Luíza Gomes Quinderé ◽  
Norma Maria Barros Benevides
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Continuous Model ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides

The structural complexity of the agaran type-sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) found in Acanthophora muscoides limits its investigation as anticoagulant alternative to heparin which induces clot complications. This study was extended to evaluate the properties of a SPs fraction and its alkali/desulfated derivatives on an intrinsic pathway-induced thrombin generation (TG) continuous model using 60-fold diluted normal or serpins-depleted human plasma. 0.75 M NaCl-eluted SPs fraction by DEAE-cellulose chromatography containing sulfate (35.20%), total sugars (55.97%) and no proteins showed charge homogeneity and heterogeneous molecular weight by agarose/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively, using sequential staining with toluidine blue and Stains-All. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy confirmed agaran-structure. Intact fraction poorly acted on the activated partial thromboplastin time (3.10 IU) than heparin (193 IU), but there was a preponderance of the serpin-independent effect than serpin-dependent one in TG assay comparing both systems was continually recorded. Heparin abolished plasma TG, but was inactive in depleted human plasma. While desulfated derivative of the respective fraction anticipated and induced thrombin formation vs. untreated plasma. The results suggested that sulfated sugars residues in the sacharide units of the polymer appear to be important to attenuate TG in vitro.

scholarly journals Sulfated polysaccharides from Phaeodactylum tricornutum: isolation, structural characteristics, and inhibiting HepG2 growth activity in vitro

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengfeng Yang ◽  
Haitao Wan ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Daijun Hao
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Active Components

Microalgae, eukaryotic unicellular plants, are increasing in demand due to their use as nutraceutical and food supplements. They consisted different kinds of biologically active components such as polysaccharides. On the other hand, cancer is the leading cause of death globally. At present, there is no efficient method to cure it. Therefore, in this work, we extracted polysaccharides from Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PTP), characterized the chemical composition and structure, and investigated its anticancer activity on HepG2 cells. The results showed that PTP was a sulfated polysaccharide with a high Mw of 4,810 kDa, and xylose, fucose, glucose and galactose were the main monosaccharides. PTP has significant anticancer activity in a dose-dependent manner (up to 60.37% at 250 ug/mL) according to MTT assays. Furthermore, cycle analysis was carried out to explain its anticancer activity. The results showed that it exhibited anticancer effect mainly through the induction of apoptosis without affecting the cycle and mitosis of HepG2 cells. This might make it a potential drug for anticancer treatment in the future.

Extraction, Purification, Characterization and In Vitro Antibacterial properties of Sulfated Polysaccharide Extracted using Sargassum sp.

2021 ◽  
pp. 4991-4998
Author(s):  
Hemalatha V. ◽  
Silambarasan T. ◽  
Dhandapani R.
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Gulf Of Mannar

In the present study, Sulfated polysaccharides were extracted from macroalga Sargassum whitey collected from the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India. The maximum yield of 1.95g sulfated polysaccharide was extracted from Sargassum whitey and 0.81mg/ml of purified sulfated polysaccharide was obtained through DEAE anion exchange chromatography. The purified form was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analyses. The in vitro biological properties such as antibacterial, antioxidants activity (DPPH, Hydroxyl & Superoxide anion) of sulfated polysaccharides were evaluated and the results showed that 45μg mL-1 concentration of sulfated polysaccharide exhibited good antibacterial inhibitory activity against all the tested pathogenic bacteria strains, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. The in vitro antioxidant activity also found to be significant, where the exhibited IC50 concentrations by the purified sulfated polysaccharide was 183.2µg/mL for DPPH, 204.2µg/mL for superoxide anion, and 163.8µg/mL for Hydroxyl scavenge free radicals activities.

Sulfated polysaccharides increase plasma levels of SDF-1 in monkeys and mice: involvement in mobilization of stem/progenitor cells

Blood ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Sweeney ◽  
Hugues Lortat-Jacob ◽  
Gregory V. Priestley ◽  
Betty Nakamoto ◽  
Thalia Papayannopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharide ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Published Report ◽  
Metalloprotease Inhibitors

It was previously reported that treatment with the sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan or the structurally similar dextran sulfate increased circulating mature white blood cells and hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells (HPCs) in mice and nonhuman primates; however, the mechanism mediating these effects was unclear. It is reported here that plasma concentrations of the highly potent chemoattractant stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) increase rapidly and dramatically after treatment with fucoidan in monkeys and in mice, coinciding with decreased levels in bone marrow. In vitro and in vivo data suggest that the SDF-1 increase is due to its competitive displacement from heparan sulfate proteoglycans that sequester the chemokine on endothelial cell surfaces or extracellular matrix in bone marrow and other tissues. Although moderately increased levels of interleukin-8, MCP1, or MMP9 were also present after fucoidan treatment, studies in gene-ablated mice (GCSFR−/−, MCP1−/−, or MMP9−/−) and the use of metalloprotease inhibitors do not support their involvement in the concurrent mobilization. Instead, SDF-1 increases, uniquely associated with sulfated glycan–mobilizing treatments and not with several other mobilizing agents tested, are likely responsible. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first published report of disrupting the SDF-1 gradient between bone marrow and peripheral blood through a physiologically relevant mechanism, resulting in mobilization with kinetics similar to other mobilizing CXC chemokines. The study further underscores the importance of the biological roles of carbohydrates.

Gastric Fibrinolysis

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M Nilsson ◽  
S.-E Bergentz ◽  
U Hedner ◽  
K Kullenberg
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Duodenal Juice ◽  
Bleeding Tendency ◽  
Local Fibrinolysis ◽  
Heated Plates

SummaryGastric juice from 15 normals, 20 patients with gastric ulcer and 4 patients with erosive haemorrhagic gastroduodenitis was investigated in respect of its activity on unheated and heated fibrin plates and its content of FDP and plasminogen or plasmin with immunochemical methods. Gastric juice from normals showed no activity on unheated and heated fibrin plates, and no FDP or plasminogen could be demonstrated. In the patients with gastric ulcer the gastric juice showed little or no fibrinolytic activity on fibrin plates except in 2, who had regurgitation of duodenal juice and neutral pH of the juice. These patients had equally high activity on heated as on unheated plates and no plasmin could be demonstrated. It was shown that this activity was not due to fibrinolysis, but to non-specific proteolytic activity (probably trypsin). The patients with erosive haemorrhagic gastroduodenitis exhibited quite a different picture. The gastric juice from these patients showed extremely high activity on fibrin plates, the activity was higher on unheated than on heated plates. The activity was inhibited in vitro by addition of EACA and in vivo after administration of AMCA. The occurrence of plasmin could be demonstrated directly immunologically in the gastric juice. By comparison of plasmin and trypsin in various assays it could further be proved that the gastric juice in these cases contained plasminogen activator and plasmin. The patients with erosive haemorrhagic gastroduodenitis showed no increase in fibrinolysis in the blood, but low values for plasminogen and α2M, and the serum contained FDP. These findings in the blood and gastric juice were interpreted as signs of local fibrinolysis in the stomach and duodenum. There is reason to assume that this gastric fibrinolysis contributes substantially to the bleeding tendency. The effect of administration of AMCA on fibrinolytic activity and the haemorrhage lends support to the assumption of such a mechanism.

Role of vitamin C in gastric cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takalkar U Vidyadhar
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
H Pylori

Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease with complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infestation has been identified as the most important etiological agent in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Also, the role of dietary factors that is low consumption of fruits and vegetables have been found to be associated with gastric cancer. Among the dietary factors, antioxidants especially vitamin C has been found to confer the strongest protection against gastric cancer. Its anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic action has been suggested in vitro. Because of its antioxidant activity, it protects cells against oxidative DNA damage caused by toxic effects of reactive oxygen species. It also inhibits production of carcinogenic N-nitroso compound in the stomach. The person with H. pylori infection has low levels of vitamin C in their gastric juice and levels of vitamin C normalizes on eradication of H. pylori. Vitamin C levels are high in gastric mucosa and gastric juice, sometimes more than that of in plasma. But gastric pathological conditions cause lowered secretion of vitamin C into gastric juice. Effect of H. pylori on vitamin C in gastric juice is reversible and on eradication of H. pylori, it returns to normal level. Hence, eradication of H. pylori and chemoprevention with antioxidant supplementation will be an effective preventive strategy to reduce the incidence of gastric cancer and related mortality. Vitamin C and gastric cancer is an area of potential interest for researchers as a preventive measure. Keywords: Vitamin C, H. pylori, gastric cancer.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides Isolated from the Edible Brown Seaweed, Sargassum fulvellum

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Hye-Won Yang ◽  
Ginnae Ahn ◽  
Xiaoting Fu ◽  
Jiachao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Sargassum Fulvellum ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the sulfated polysaccharides isolated from Sargassum fulvellum (SFPS) were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish. The results indicated that SFPS improved the viability of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages from 80.02 to 86.80, 90.09, and 94.62% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. Also, SFPS remarkably and concentration-dependently decreased the production levels of inflammatory molecules including nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, SFPS significantly inhibited the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, the in vivo test results indicated that SFPS improved the survival rate of LPS-treated zebrafish from 53.33 to 56.67, 60.00, and 70.00% at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, SFPS effectively reduced cell death, reactive oxygen species, and NO levels in LPS-stimulated zebrafish. Taken together, these results suggested that SFPS possesses strong in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities, and could be used as an ingredient to develop anti-inflammatory agents in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Celluclast-Assisted Extract of Hizikia fusiforme Against Ultraviolet B-Induced Skin Damage by Regulating NF-κB, AP-1, and MAPKs Signaling Pathways In Vitro in Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
WonWoo Lee ◽  
Jae Oh ◽  
Yong Cui ◽  
BoMi Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Hizikia Fusiforme ◽  
Hdf Cells

Our previous study evaluated the antioxidant activities of sulfated polysaccharides from Celluclast-assisted extract of Hizikia fusiforme (HFPS) in vitro in Vero cells and in vivo in zebrafish. The results showed that HFPS possesses strong antioxidant activity and suggested the potential photo-protective activities of HFPS. Hence, in the present study, we investigated the protective effects of HFPS against ultraviolet (UV) B-induced skin damage in vitro in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF cells). The results indicate that HFPS significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and improved the viability of UVB-irradiated HDF cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HFPS significantly inhibited intracellular collagenase and elastase activities, remarkably protected collagen synthesis, and reduced matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression by regulating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), activator protein 1 (AP-1), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways in UVB-irradiated HDF cells. These results suggest that HFPS possesses strong UV protective effect, and can be a potential ingredient in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

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