Emerging strategies for the activity assay and inhibitor screening of alpha-glucosidase

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianlong Zhang ◽  
Guoliang Li ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Yanxin Yu ◽  
Na Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Inhibitor Screening ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The World ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The high incidence of diabetes mellitus has caused widespread concern around the world, and has quickly become one of the most prevalent and costly chronic diseases.

Application of Some Medicinal Plants and Their Constituents in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
Raghunath Satpathy
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The rapidly increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus as a chronic disease is becoming a serious threat to mankind health in all parts of the world. However, the currently available therapies are not of much use in prevention or reduction of disease. There are a large number of plants and natural biomolecules that have been discussed in the literature for their antidiabetic effects. Recently, the screening of many types of plant derived alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and other compounds that reduce the glucose level in the body and have fewer side effects has been successfully isolated. In this chapter, the mechanism of diabetes mellitus has been discussed. Also, the plants having anti-diabetic property along with its constituents has been presented summarized with the available literature resource. In addition to this, the common strategy that is followed for inhibition assay for an anti-diabetic compound has been discussed. Finally, future opportunities and challenges in this research area are proposed.

scholarly journals Foot disorders in diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Alla Y. Tokmakova ◽  
Dar'ya N. Egorova ◽  
Lyudmila P. Doronina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
The World ◽  
And Function

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), by 2035 the number of diabetes patients will reach 592 million people. Various disorders of the structure and function of the soft tissues and skeleton of the lower extremities is the most common reason that patients seek medical care. The paper presents the modern concept of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapeutic and prevention tactics used in the specialized endocrinological and surgical clinics.

Association and treatment of diabetes in patients affected by Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1198-1201
Author(s):  
Syed Yasir Afaque
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Composite Outcomes ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

In December 2019, a unique coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV-2, was first identified in the province of Wuhan in China. Since then, it spread rapidly all over the world and has been responsible for a large number of morbidity and mortality among humans. According to a latest study, Diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, Hypertension etc. are being considered important risk factors for the development of this infection and is also associated with unfavorable outcomes in these patients. There is little evidence concerning the trail back of these patients possibly because of a small number of participants and people who experienced primary composite outcomes (such as admission in the ICU, usage of machine-driven ventilation or even fatality of these patients). Until now, there are no academic findings that have proven independent prognostic value of diabetes on death in the novel Coronavirus patients. However, there are several conjectures linking Diabetes with the impact as well as progression of COVID-19 in these patients. The aim of this review is to acknowledge about the association amongst Diabetes and the novel Coronavirus and the result of the infection in such patients.

Mutations of mtDNA in some vascular and metabolic diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita A. Sazonova ◽  
Anastasia I. Ryzhkova ◽  
Vasily V. Sinyov ◽  
Marina D. Sazonova ◽  
Tatiana V. Kirichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Mtdna Mutations

Background: The present review article considers some chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis, the causes of which may be mitochondrial dysfunction. Very often, in the long course of the disease, complications may occur, leading to myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke and as a result, death.In particular, a large percentage of human deaths nowadays belongs to cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension, cardiomyopathies and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective: The aim of the present review was the analysis of literature sources, devoted to an investigation of a link of mitochondrial DNA mutations with chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis, Results: The analysis of literature indicates the association of the mitochondrial genome mutations with coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and various types of cardiomyopathies. Conclusion: The detected mutations can be used to analyze the predisposition to chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis. They can also be used to create molecular-cell models necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs developed for treatment of these pathologies. MtDNA mutations associated withthe absence of diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis could be potential candidates for gene therapy of diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis.

Mechanisms Involved in Glycemic Control Promoted by Exercise in Diabetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Francelino Andrade ◽  
Víviam de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Débora Ribeiro Orlando ◽  
Luciano José Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
World Population ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high glycemic levels for long periods. This disease has a high prevalence in the world population, being currently observed an increase in its incidence. This fact is mainly due to the sedentary lifestyle and hypercaloric diets. Non-pharmacological interventions for glycemic control include exercise, which promotes changes in skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Thus, increased glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and decreased insulin resistance through modulating adipocytes are the main factors that improve glycemic control against diabetes. Conclusion: It was sought to elucidate mechanisms involved in the improvement of glycemic control in diabetics in front of the exercise.

Yoga in the management of Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreeharsha N. ◽  
Bargale Sushant Sukumar ◽  
Divyasree C. H.
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
The World ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Excess Glucose

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder in which the body is unable to make proper utilisation of glucose, resulting in the condition of hyperglycaemia. Excess glucose in the blood ultimately results in high levels of glucose being present in the urine (glycosuria). This increase the urine output, which leads to dehydration and increase thirst. India has the largest diabetic population in the world. Changes in eating habits, increasing weight and decreased physical activity are major factors leading to increased incidence of Diabetes. Lifestyle plays an important role in the development of Diabetes. Yoga offers natural and effective remedies without toxic side-effects, and with benefits that extend far beyond the physical. This system of Yoga is a simple, natural programme involving five main principles: proper exercise, proper breathing, proper relaxation, proper diet and positive thinking and meditation. It is a cost effective lifestyle intervention technique.

scholarly journals The Impact of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Aetiology and Development of Uveal Melanoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Melissa Chalada ◽  
Charmaine A. Ramlogan-Steel ◽  
Bijay P. Dhungel ◽  
Christopher J. Layton ◽  
Jason C. Steel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Uveal melanoma (UM) is currently classified by the World Health Organisation as a melanoma caused by risk factors other than cumulative solar damage. However, factors relating to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) susceptibility such as light-coloured skin and eyes, propensity to burn, and proximity to the equator, frequently correlate with higher risk of UM. These risk factors echo those of the far more common cutaneous melanoma (CM), which is widely accepted to be caused by excessive UVR exposure, suggesting a role of UVR in the development and progression of a proportion of UM. Indeed, this could mean that countries, such as Australia, with high UVR exposure and the highest incidences of CM would represent a similarly high incidence of UM if UVR exposure is truly involved. Most cases of UM lack the typical genetic mutations that are related to UVR damage, although recent evidence in a small minority of cases has shown otherwise. This review therefore reassesses statistical, environmental, anatomical, and physiological evidence for and against the role of UVR in the aetiology of UM.

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