Effects of early-life lactoferrin intervention on growth performance, small intestinal function and gut microbiota in suckling piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 5361-5373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Hu ◽  
Fangzhou Zhao ◽  
Weiyun Zhu ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Postnatal Stage ◽  
Early Postnatal Stage

The early postnatal stage is a critical period for suckling animals in developing intestinal function and stabilizing gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Effects of antimicrobial peptides on growth performance and small intestinal function in broilers under chronic heat stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 798-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hu ◽  
X. Gao ◽  
R. She ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
J. Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Small Intestinal

scholarly journals The early life microbiota protects neonatal mice from pathological small intestinal epithelial cell shedding

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R Hughes ◽  
Z Schofield ◽  
MJ Dalby ◽  
S Caim ◽  
L Chalklen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Neonatal Mice ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cell Shedding

AbstractThe gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating and maintaining the epithelial barrier, particularly during early life. Notably, patients with chronic intestinal inflammation have a dysregulated process of renewal and replenishment of the intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) barrier, which is linked to disturbances in the gut microbiota. To date, there are no studies focussed on understanding the impact of inflammatory cell shedding events during the early life developmental window, and which host and microbial factors mediate these responses. Here we sought to determine pathological cell shedding outcomes throughout the postnatal developmental period (day 14, 21, 29 and week 8). Surprisingly neonatal mice (day 14 and 21) were highly refractory to induction of cell shedding after intraperitoneal administration of LPS, with day 29 mice showing strong pathological responses, more similar to those observed in adult mice. These differential responses were not linked to defects in the cellular mechanisms and pathways known to regulate cell shedding responses, although we did observe that neonatal mice had elevated anti-inflammatory (IL-10) responses. Notably, when we profiled microbiota and metabolites from these mice, we observed significant alterations. Neonatal mice had high relative abundances of Streptococcus, Escherichia and Enterococcus and increased primary bile acids. In contrast, older mice were dominated by Candidatus Arthromitus, Alistipes and Lachnoclostridium, and had increased concentrations of SCFAs and methyamines. Faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) and antibiotic studies confirmed the importance of early life gut microbiota in cell shedding responses. In these studies, neonates treated with antibiotics restored LPS-induced small intestinal cell shedding, whereas adult FMT alone had no effect. Our findings further support the importance of the early life window for microbiota-epithelial interactions in the presence of inflammatory stimuli and highlight areas for further investigation to probe underlying mechanisms to drive therapeutic development within the context of chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases.

Effects ofLactobacillus caseiandEnterococcus faecalison growth performance, immune function and gut microbiota of suckling piglets

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoqi Liu ◽  
Qun Zhu ◽  
Juan Chang ◽  
Qingqiang Yin ◽  
Andong Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Suckling Piglets

scholarly journals Early-Life Nutrition Interventions Improved Growth Performance and Intestinal Health via the Gut Microbiota in Piglets

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzeng Luo ◽  
Bing Xia ◽  
Ruqing Zhong ◽  
Dan Shen ◽  
Jiaheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Relative Mrna Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Intestinal infections in piglets are the main causes of morbidity before and after weaning. Studies have not explored approaches for combining pre-weaning and post-weaning nutritional strategies to sustain optimal gut health. The current study thus sought to explore the effects of early-life nutrition interventions through administration of synthetic milk on growth performance and gut health in piglets from 3 to 30 days of age. Twelve sows were randomly allocated to control group (CON) and early-life nutrition interventions group (ENI). Piglets were fed with the same creep diet from 7 days of age ad libitum. Piglets in the ENI group were provided with additional synthetic milk from Day 3 to Day 30. The results showed that early-life nutrition interventions improved growth performance, liver weight, spleen weight, and reduced diarrhea rate of piglets after weaning (P < 0.05). Early-life nutrition interventions significantly upregulated expression of ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin4, GALNT1, B3GNT6, and MUC2 in colonic mucosa at mRNA level (P < 0.05). Early-life nutrition interventions reduced activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in serum and the content of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in plasma (P < 0.05). The number of goblet cells and crypt depth of colon of piglets was significantly higher in piglets in the ENI group relative to that of piglets in the CON group (P < 0.05). The relative mRNA expression levels of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8, and the protein expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 in colonic mucosa of piglets in the ENI group were lower compared with those of piglets in the CON group (P < 0.05). Relative abundance of Lactobacillus in colonic chyme and mucosa of piglets in the ENI group was significantly higher relative to that of piglets in the CON group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that abundance of Lactobacillus was positively correlated with the relative mRNA expression levels of ZO-1, Claudin4, and GALNT1, and it was negatively correlated with the level of MCP-1 in colonic chyme and mucosa. In summary, the findings of this study showed that early-life nutrition interventions improved growth performance, colonic barrier, and reduced inflammation in the colon by modulating composition of gut microbiota in piglets. Early-life nutrition intervention through supplemental synthetic milk is a feasible measure to improve the health and reduce the number of deaths of piglets.

Oral administration of N-carbamylglutamate might improve growth performance and intestinal function of suckling piglets

2015 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangfang Zeng ◽  
Zhimin Huang ◽  
Fengrui Zhang ◽  
Xiangbing Mao ◽  
Shihai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Suckling Piglets

scholarly journals Adaptive response to a future life challenge: consequences of early-life environmental complexity in dual-purpose chicks

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Yan ◽  
Kate Hartcher ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
Jinlong Xiao ◽  
Hai Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Environmental Complexity ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Stress Related Genes ◽  
Life Challenge ◽  
Environmental Challenge

Abstract Conditions in early life play profound and long-lasting effects on the welfare and adaptability to stress of chickens. This study aimed to explore the hypothesis that the provision of environmental complexity in early life improves birds’ adaptive plasticity and ability to cope with a challenge later in life. It also tried to investigate the effect of the gut-brain axis by measuring behavior, stress hormone, gene expression, and gut microbiota. One-day-old chicks were split into 3 groups: (1) a barren environment (without enrichment items) group (BG, n = 40), (2) a litter materials group (LG, n = 40), and (3) a perches with litter materials group (PLG, n = 40). Then, enrichment items were removed and simulated as an environmental challenge at 31 to 53 d of age. Birds were subjected to a predator test at 42 d of age. In the environmental challenge, when compared with LG, PLG birds were characterized by decreased fearfulness, lower plasma corticosterone, improved gut microbial functions, lower relative mRNA expression of GR, and elevated mRNA expressions of stress-related genes CRH, BDNF, and NR2A in the hypothalamus (all P < 0.05). Unexpectedly, the opposite was true for the LG birds when compared with the BG (P < 0.05). Decreased plasma corticosterone and fearfulness were accompanied by altered hypothalamic gene mRNA expressions of BDNF, NR2A, GR, and CRH through the HPA axis in response to altered gut microbial compositions and functions. The findings suggest that gut microbiota may integrate fearfulness, plasma corticosterone, and gene expression in the hypothalamus to provide an insight into the gut-brain axis in chicks. In conclusion, having access to both perches and litter materials in early life allowed birds to cope better with a future challenge. Birds in perches and litter materials environment may have optimal development and adaptive plasticity through the gut-brain axis.

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