scholarly journals CO2 reduction to acetic acid on the greigite Fe3S4{111} surface

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Santos-Carballal ◽  
Alberto Roldan ◽  
Nora Henriette De Leeuw
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Rare Metals ◽  
Homogeneous Catalysts

Acetic acid (CH3–COOH) is an important commodity chemical widely used in a myriad of industrial processes, whose production still largely depends on homogeneous catalysts based on expensive rare metals. Here,...

scholarly journals Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction: From Homogeneous Catalysts to Heterogeneous-Based Reticular Chemistry

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulhadi Al-Omari ◽  
Zain Yamani ◽  
Ha Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Homogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Biological Reduction ◽  
Porous Catalyst ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

CO2, emitted mainly from fossil fuel combustion, is one of the major greenhouse gases. CO2 could be converted into more valuable chemical feedstocks including CO, HCOOH, HCHO, CH3OH, or CH4. To reduce CO2, catalysts were designed and their unique characteristics were utilized based on types of reaction processes, including catalytic hydrogenation, complex metal hydrides, photocatalysis, biological reduction, and electrochemical reduction. Indeed, the electroreduction method has received much consideration lately due to the simple operation, as well as environmentally friendly procedures that need to be optimized by both of the catalysts and the electrochemical process. In the past few decades, we have witnessed an explosion in development in materials science—especially in regards to the porous crystalline materials based on the strong covalent bond of the organic linkers containing light elements (Covalent organic frameworks, COFs), as well as the hybrid materials that possess organic backbones and inorganic metal-oxo clusters (Metal-organic frameworks, MOFs). Owing to the large surface area and high active site density that belong to these tailorable structures, MOFs and COFs can be applied to many practical applications, such as gas storage and separation, drug release, sensing, and catalysis. Beyond those applications, which have been abundantly studied since the 1990s, CO2 reduction catalyzed by reticular and extended structures of MOFs or COFs has been more recently turned to the next step of state-of-the-art application. In this perspective, we highlight the achievement of homogeneous catalysts used for CO2 electrochemical conversion and contrast it with the advances in new porous catalyst-based reticular chemistry. We then discuss the role of new catalytic systems designed in light of reticular chemistry in the heterogeneous-catalyzed reduction of CO2.

scholarly journals Effects of Oxygen Availability on Acetic Acid Tolerance and Intracellular pH in Dekkera bruxellensis

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (15) ◽  
pp. 4673-4681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Capusoni ◽  
Stefania Arioli ◽  
Paolo Zambelli ◽  
M. Moktaduzzaman ◽  
Diego Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Intracellular Ph ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Dekkera Bruxellensis ◽  
Acetic Acid Tolerance ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTThe yeastDekkera bruxellensis, associated with wine and beer production, has recently received attention, because its high ethanol and acid tolerance enables it to compete withSaccharomyces cerevisiaein distilleries that produce fuel ethanol. We investigated how different cultivation conditions affect the acetic acid tolerance ofD. bruxellensis. We analyzed the ability of two strains (CBS 98 and CBS 4482) exhibiting different degrees of tolerance to grow in the presence of acetic acid under aerobic and oxygen-limited conditions. We found that the concomitant presence of acetic acid and oxygen had a negative effect onD. bruxellensisgrowth. In contrast, incubation under oxygen-limited conditions resulted in reproducible growth kinetics that exhibited a shorter adaptive phase and higher growth rates than those with cultivation under aerobic conditions. This positive effect was more pronounced in CBS 98, the more-sensitive strain. Cultivation of CBS 98 cells under oxygen-limited conditions improved their ability to restore their intracellular pH upon acetic acid exposure and to reduce the oxidative damage to intracellular macromolecules caused by the presence of acetic acid. This study reveals an important role of oxidative stress in acetic acid tolerance inD. bruxellensis, indicating that reduced oxygen availability can protect against the damage caused by the presence of acetic acid. This aspect is important for optimizing industrial processes performed in the presence of acetic acid.IMPORTANCEThis study reveals an important role of oxidative stress in acetic acid tolerance inD. bruxellensis, indicating that reduced oxygen availability can have a protective role against the damage caused by the presence of acetic acid. This aspect is important for the optimization of industrial processes performed in the presence of acetic acid.

scholarly journals Densities, viscosities, and thermal conductivities of the ionic liquid 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-enium acetate and its mixtures with water

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah Baird ◽  
Petri Uusi-Kyyny ◽  
Daniel Cederkrantz ◽  
Artur Dahlberg ◽  
Ville Alopaeus
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Equimolar Amount ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Thermal Conductivities

7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-enium acetate (mTBD acetate) is a protic ionic liquid that is being investigated for use in industrial processes, such as for producing textiles from cellulose. To aid in designing such processes, we have measured the densities, viscosities, and thermal conductivities of mTBD acetate and aqueous mixtures containing mTBD acetate. We also investigated how excess amounts of mTBD or acetic acid affect the density, and found that in general an excess of either component decreases the density. However, when no water is present, the sample with excess acetic acid actually has a slightly higher density than when there is an equimolar amount of acid and base. The maximum density occurs when some water is present (around 30-40 mol%). We also modeled the density data using the ePC-SAFT equation of state and provide simple correlations for calculating the viscosity and thermal conductivity of these mixtures.

scholarly journals Inoculation with acetic acid bacteria improves the quality of natural green table olives

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. e407
Author(s):  
M. Mounir ◽  
J. Hammoucha ◽  
O. Taleb ◽  
M. Afechtal ◽  
A. Hamouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Acetic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Table Olives ◽  
Olive Variety

This study aims to develop a method for the preparation of natural table olives using locally selected microorganisms and without resorting to the usual techniques which employ lye treatment and acids. The effects of parameters, such as lye treatment, inoculation with yeasts, substitution of organic acids with vinegar and/or acetic acid bacteria, and finally alternating aeration have been assessed. Four different combinations were applied to the “Picholine marocaine” olive variety using indigenous strains, namely Lactobacillus plantarum S1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae LD01 and Acetobacter pasteurianus KU710511 (CV01) isolated respectively from olive brine, Bouslikhen dates and Cactus. Two control tests, referring to traditional and industrial processes, were used as references. Microbial and physicochemical tests showed that the L3V combination (inoculated with A. pasteurianus KU710511 and L. plantarum S1 under the optimal growth conditions of the Acetic Acid Bacteria (AAB) strain with 6% NaCl) was found to be favorable for the growth of the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) strain which plays the key role in olive fermentation. This result was confirmed by sensory evaluation, placing L3V at the top of the evaluated samples, surpassing the industrial one where a chemical debittering treatment with lye was used. In addition, alternating aeration served to increase the microbial biomass of both AAB and LAB strains along with Saccharomyces cerevisiae LD01 strain, but also to use lower concentration of NaCl and to reduce the deterioration of olives compared to the anaerobic fermentation process. Finally, a mixed starter containing the three strains was prepared in a 10-L Lab-fermenter from the L3V sample in order to improve it in subsequent studies. The prepared starter mixture could be suitable for use as a parental strain to prepare table olives for artisan and industrial application in Morocco.

scholarly journals Densities, Viscosities, and Thermal Conductivities of the Ionic Liquid 7-Methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-enium Acetate and Its Mixtures with Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah Steven Baird ◽  
Petri Uusi-Kyyny ◽  
Artur Dahlberg ◽  
Daniel Cederkrantz ◽  
Ville Alopaeus
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Equimolar Amount ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Thermal Conductivities

Abstract 7-Methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-enium acetate (mTBD acetate) is a protic ionic liquid that is being investigated for use in industrial processes, such as for producing textiles from cellulose. To aid in designing such processes, we have measured the densities, viscosities, and thermal conductivities of mTBD acetate and aqueous mixtures containing mTBD acetate. We also investigated how excess amounts of mTBD or acetic acid affect the density, and found that in general an excess of either component decreases the density. However, when no water is present, the sample with excess acetic acid actually has a slightly higher density than when there is an equimolar amount of acid and base. The maximum density occurs when some water is present (around 30–40 mol%). We also modeled the density data using the ePC-SAFT equation of state and provide simple correlations for calculating the viscosity and thermal conductivity of these mixtures.

Ectodesmata as Revealed By Freeze-Etch Preparations of Plant Epidermal Cell Walls

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 468-469
Author(s):  
N.C. Lyon ◽  
W. C. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Thin Sections

Schumacher and Halbsguth first demonstrated ectodesmata as pores or channels in the epidermal cell walls in haustoria of Cuscuta odorata L. by light microscopy in tissues fixed in a sublimate fixative (30% ethyl alcohol, 30 ml:glacial acetic acid, 10 ml: 65% nitric acid, 1 ml: 40% formaldehyde, 5 ml: oxalic acid, 2 g: mecuric chloride to saturation 2-3 g). Other workers have published electron micrographs of structures transversing the outer epidermal cell in thin sections of plant leaves that have been interpreted as ectodesmata. Such structures are evident following treatment with Hg++ or Ag+ salts and are only rarely observed by electron microscopy. If ectodesmata exist without such treatment, and are not artefacts, they would afford natural pathways of entry for applied foliar solutions and plant viruses.

Increased expression of an amino acid transporter LAT1 in healing of acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer in rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A153-A153
Author(s):  
S MIYAMOTO ◽  
K KATO ◽  
Y ISHII ◽  
S ASAI ◽  
T NAGAISHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Chronic Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Acid Transporter
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