Emerging investigator series: membrane distillation and high salinity: analysis and implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1538-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukta Hardikar ◽  
Itzel Marquez ◽  
Andrea Achilli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Membrane Distillation

In energy efficient membrane distillation, the low transmembrane temperature difference exacerbates salinity's effect on water flux and specific energy consumption.

Energy Reduction and Optimisation in Membrane Bioreactor Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihe Tao ◽  
Kiran Kekre ◽  
Maung Htun Oo ◽  
Bala Viswanath ◽  
Aliman MD Yusof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Energy Reduction ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Demonstration Plant ◽  
Set Up

One of the major components of MBR operating expenditure is energy consumption. This paper presents our six-year journey of energy reduction and optimization in MBR systems through various pilot and demonstration studies. Through comprehensive and systematic MBR optimisation studies, the specific energy consumption was reduced from 1.3 kWh m−3 to less than 0.8 kWh m−3 by increasing membrane flux and reducing aeration at 300 m3 per day pilot scale plants. Through energy audit, the key energy consumption components including process aeration, membrane scouring rate, SRT, MLSS level, MLSS recirculation, and energy efficient equipment selection were identified, and these were optimised one by one at 23,000 m3 per day municipal scale MBR demonstration plant after the baseline had been set up. The specific energy consumption was further reduced to 0.37 kWh m−3.

Energy efficient basestation operation with traffic-specific energy consumption

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhyeock Choi ◽  
Seonmin Jung ◽  
Junhyuk Kim ◽  
June-Koo Kevin Rhee ◽  
Byung Moo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption

Effect of Cell Design on the Thermal Performance of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation System Utilizing a Nanocomposite Membrane

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. Elmarghany ◽  
A. H. El-Shazly ◽  
Ali Radwan ◽  
Essam M. Abo-Zahhad ◽  
Norhan Nady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Direct Contact Membrane Distillation ◽  
Distillation System ◽  
Output Ratio

Abstract In the present work, the performance of different cell designs used for the membrane distillation (MD) process was investigated. Three distinctive cell designs were proposed and compared. A numerical simulation using ANSYS Fluent 19 was used to study the performance of the cells. The effects of changing inlet Reynolds number on pressure drop, salt concentration and velocity contours with in the different cell deigns were investigated. Results show that the pressure drop is minimum across the first design, and the salt concentration decreases as Reynolds number increases. At Reynolds number = 125, the results show an enhanced velocity distribution compared to Reynolds number = 250 and 50. One of the proposed cell designs was then fabricated to study the effect of fluid flow on the performance in a direct contact membrane distillation system. Energy parameters were calculated to evaluate the performance of the cell. An evacuated tube solar collector was used to provide the system with hot water. System thermal efficiency, gained output ratio, and specific energy consumption analysis were performed for the system. The increase in the feed flow rate almost doubled the system thermal efficiency and the gained output ratio was increased from 0.31 to 0.60, while the specific energy consumption decreased from 2064 to 1037 kWh/m3.

scholarly journals Comparison of Nanofiltration with Reverse Osmosis in Reclaiming Tertiary Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Purposes

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
MhdAmmar Hafiz ◽  
Alaa H. Hawari ◽  
Radwan Alfahel ◽  
Mohammad K. Hassan ◽  
Ali Altaee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Food And Agriculture

This study compares the performance of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) for the reclamation of ultrafiltered municipal wastewater for irrigation of food crops. RO and NF technologies were evaluated at different applied pressures; the performance of each technology was evaluated in terms of water flux, recovery rate, specific energy consumption and quality of permeate. It was found that the permeate from the reverse osmosis (RO) process complied with Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards at pressures applied between 10 and 18 bar. At an applied pressure of 20 bar, the permeate quality did not comply with irrigation water standards in terms of chloride, sodium and calcium concentration. It was found that nanofiltration process was not suitable for the reclamation of wastewater as the concentration of chloride, sodium and calcium exceeded the allowable limits at all applied pressures. In the reverse osmosis process, the highest recovery rate was 36%, which was achieved at a pressure of 16 bar. The specific energy consumption at this applied pressure was 0.56 kWh/m3. The lowest specific energy of 0.46 kWh/m3 was achieved at an applied pressure of 12 bar with a water recovery rate of 32.7%.

Energy-Efficient Vibratory Feeder of Bulk Construction Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 670-671 ◽  
pp. 458-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Ishkov ◽  
Alexander V. Stepanov ◽  
Svjatoslav V. Miloradov ◽  
Irina V. Voronina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Elastic Membrane ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Vibrating Feeders ◽  
Vibrating Feeder

Any processing of bulk materials requires their moving and uniform feed (dosage). On this depends the quality and efficiency of many technological processes. For uniform and controlled supply of bulk, materials for transporting or processing machines use feeders. Among feeders in recent years, an increasing distribution received disk vibrating feeders, which are characterized by small size, without moving parts, prostate, reliability, accuracy and smooth control supply. Disk vibrating feeder has a horizontal spreading disk, which is located coaxially and with a gap below the outlet of the hopper. Spreading disk is connected with vibratory drive. This research was aimed at finding technical solutions ensuring the reduction of specific energy consumption of disk vibrating feeder. The study showed, that if the spreading disc perform with a central hole, which is closed by an elastic membrane, then this can significantly reduce the specific energy consumption per unit of production.

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