scholarly journals A novel demonstration of adhered material mobilisation by hydraulic transients

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2132-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally L. Weston ◽  
Richard P. Collins ◽  
Joby B. Boxall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Laboratory experiments have shown that pipe-wall adhered material can be mobilised by transients, where steady-state hydraulic conditions cannot. This process is critical to managing water quality risks in drinking water distribution systems.

scholarly journals Whole metagenome sequencing of chlorinated drinking water distribution systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 2080-2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Douterelo ◽  
Carolina Calero-Preciado ◽  
Victor Soria-Carrasco ◽  
Joby B. Boxall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Chlorinated Drinking Water ◽  
Metagenome Sequencing

This research highlights the potential of whole metagenome sequencing to help protect drinking water quality and safety.

Evaluation of treatment methods to reduce the corrosivity of soft waters

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Jaeger ◽  
S. Oberti ◽  
L. Guichot ◽  
J. Baron
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Iron Corrosion ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
The Impact

Soft waters characterised with low alkalinity tend to reduce the lifetime of pipes in drinking water distribution systems. Consequently, the corrosion induced is likely to deteriorate water quality at the consumer's tap. Two different types of treatment methods are commonly used to control the corrosion effects of soft waters: (i) the addition of phosphate corrosion inhibitors, and (ii) the remineralisation process. In order to facilitate the decision making of network operator to use suitable treatment methods, a comparative pilot-scale experiment was performed. The above two treatment strategies were tested using pipes representing both drinking water distribution systems (used materials: cast iron and steel) and household plumbing systems (used material: copper). The impact of the two techniques was assessed by means of water quality monitoring (pH, metal leaching, etc) and of corrosion measurements using electrochemical probes as well as weight-loss coupons. The results obtained after a 15 month long experiment showed that remineralisation method was clearly the most effective way to control soft water corrosion. The implementation of this method resulted in a 50% reduction in metals leaching and about 40% decrease in iron corrosion rates.

scholarly journals Dynamic Hydraulics in a Drinking Water Distribution System Influence Suspended Particles and Turbidity, But Not Microbiology

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle I. Prest ◽  
Peter G. Schaap ◽  
Michael D. Besmer ◽  
Frederik Hammes
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Particle Counts

Spatial and short-term temporal changes in water quality as a result of water age and fluctuating hydraulic conditions were investigated in a drinking water distribution system. Online measurements of total and intracellular adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), total and intact cell concentrations measured with flow cytometry (FCM), turbidity, and particle counts were performed over five weeks at five subsequent locations of the distribution system. The high number of parallel FCM and ATP measurements revealed the combined effect of water age and final disinfection on spatial changes in microbiology in the system. The results underlined that regular daily dynamics in flow velocities are normal and inevitable in drinking water distribution systems, and significantly impact particle counts and turbidity. However, hydraulic conditions had no detectable impact on the concentration of suspended microbial cells. A weak correlation between flow velocity and ATP concentrations suggests incidental resuspension of particle-bound bacteria, presumably caused by either biofilm detachment or resuspension from sediment when flow velocities increase. The highly dynamic hydraulic conditions highlight the value of online monitoring tools for the meaningful description of short-term dynamics (day-scale) in drinking water distribution systems.

scholarly journals Using Amplicon Sequencing To Characterize and Monitor Bacterial Diversity in Drinking Water Distribution Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (18) ◽  
pp. 6463-6473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. A. Shaw ◽  
Paul Monis ◽  
Laura S. Weyrich ◽  
Emma Sawade ◽  
Mary Drikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

ABSTRACTDrinking water assessments use a variety of microbial, physical, and chemical indicators to evaluate water treatment efficiency and product water quality. However, these indicators do not allow the complex biological communities, which can adversely impact the performance of drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs), to be characterized. Entire bacterial communities can be studied quickly and inexpensively using targeted metagenomic amplicon sequencing. Here, amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene region was performed alongside traditional water quality measures to assess the health, quality, and efficiency of two distinct, full-scale DWDSs: (i) a linear DWDS supplied with unfiltered water subjected to basic disinfection before distribution and (ii) a complex, branching DWDS treated by a four-stage water treatment plant (WTP) prior to disinfection and distribution. In both DWDSs bacterial communities differed significantly after disinfection, demonstrating the effectiveness of both treatment regimes. However, bacterial repopulation occurred further along in the DWDSs, and some end-user samples were more similar to the source water than to the postdisinfection water. Three sample locations appeared to be nitrified, displaying elevated nitrate levels and decreased ammonia levels, and nitrifying bacterial species, such asNitrospira, were detected.Burkholderialeswere abundant in samples containing large amounts of monochloramine, indicating resistance to disinfection. Genera known to contain pathogenic and fecal-associated species were also identified in several locations. From this study, we conclude that metagenomic amplicon sequencing is an informative method to support current compliance-based methods and can be used to reveal bacterial community interactions with the chemical and physical properties of DWDSs.

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