The effects of ultraviolet disinfection on vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyu Wang ◽  
Minghao Sui ◽  
Hongwei Li ◽  
Bojie Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Ultraviolet Disinfection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacterium ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Ultraviolet disinfection could effectively inactivate the antibiotic resistant bacterium vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis, but had a limited removal efficiency for the antibiotic resistance gene–vanB gene.

scholarly journals In silico Assessment of the Genotypic Distribution of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Vibrio cholerae

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusrat Nahar ◽  
Ridwan Bin Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Genotype 2

Vibrio cholerae has long been reported as an important cause of death in developing countries. The study detected the virulence and antibiotic resistance gene of eight V. cholerae isolates through in silico tools. Cholera toxins, ctxA and ctxB were found in six isolates (75%). Seventy-five percent isolates were also found to be positive for zonula occludens toxin, zot which is known to increase the permeability by altering the tight junction of the small intestine. Accessory cholera enterotoxin ace, responsible for fluid accumulation, was detected in four V. cholerae strains. Seven isolates (87.5%) were positive for toxin-coregulated pilus, tcp which helps the bacteria to adhere to gut mucosa. Both ompW and toxR genes were found in 87.5% of the isolates. Twenty-five percent isolates harboured strA, strB, sulII, dfrA1, floR genes and SXT element demonstrating that they were multidrug-resistant (MDG) bacterium. One isolate was found to be positive for tetA gene while no erythromycin resistance gene, ermA and ermB was found. Virulence genes were found in all genotypes indicating that their distribution was not genotypeoriented while genotype 2 harboured no antibiotic resistance genes. This data helps to predict virulence genes associated with cholera and also demonstrates the presence of antibiotic resistance genes. Bacteria acquired the antibiotic resistance gene through natural process which cannot be stopped. So by analyzing the resistance pattern we can choose appropriate antibiotics. In silico study helps us to predict the antibiotic resistant genotypes and can easily identify antibiotic resistant strains which help us to treat cholera infections and reduce the morbidity and mortality rate of the infected individuals.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(1): 77-85, 2017 (June)

scholarly journals Characteristics of antibiotic resistant strains of Vibrio cholerae carrying SXT type integrative conjugative elements

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
M. V Podshivalova ◽  
Yu. A Kuzyutina ◽  
I. B Zakharova ◽  
Ya. A Lopasteyskaya ◽  
D. V Viktorov
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Integrative Conjugative Elements

In the paper there is presented a characteristics of antibiotic-resistant strains of Vibrio cholerae, isolated in the Volgograd region during the period of 1980-2000. There were studied cultural and morphological properties of the isolates, their biochemical activity, resistance to antibiotics of different classes, there was performed the detection of virulence genes and sequences of transmissible SXT-element. There was demonstrated the presence of different types of SXT in the content of the genome of the examined strains - SXT MO10 element with cluster of the antibiotic resistance gene sulII-strB-dfr18, SXT ET element carrying the sequences sulII dfrA1, and not having a resistance gene to aminoglycosides strB, and SXT S element with deleted cluster of antibiotic resistance genes.

scholarly journals 1451. Genetic Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Acinetobacter baumannii Using Whole Genome Sequencing

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S728-S728
Author(s):  
Matthew Brigmon ◽  
Chetan Jinadatha ◽  
Hosoon Choi ◽  
Keith S Kaye ◽  
Yonhui Allton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gene Profiles ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Acinetobacter is known to quickly develop resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Previously we performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) and whole genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) analysis in clinical Acinetobacter isolates to determine sequence types (ST) of these isolates and mapped their distribution. In this study, we sought to characterize the genetic antibiotic resistance patterns in these isolates. Methods Sixty-two clinical Acinetobacter isolates collected in two distinct large tertiary care hospitals in Detroit were analyzed. The samples were subjected to WGS using the NextSeq instrument (Illumina). The contigs were de novo assembled using SPAdes (v3.7.1) and wgMLST analysis was performed using BioNumerics software v7.6. The genomic sequence for each isolate was uploaded in ResFinder 3.2 and known antibiotic resistance genes were analyzed. Results The most common resistance gene found is blaADC-25 conferring resistance to beta-lactams across all STs. Sulfonamide (sul1) and macrolide resistance (mphE/msrE) among STs were also common. ST2 (52%) was predominant for both hospitals (H1 and H2). ST2 in H2 exhibited the presence of the maximum number of resistance genes including resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides (2), tetracyclines (tetB), beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones (aac(6’)-Ib-cr), sulphonamides (sul1, sul2). ST2 had a slightly different resistance profile of beta-lactams in H1 when compared to H2. ST406 and ST15 exhibited similar antibiotic profiles in both hospitals and a single isolate of ST20 from H2 is highly antibiotic resistant. Table 1. Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Profiles of all Acinetobacter Sequence Types (STs) in H1 and H2. Table 2. Antibiotic Resistance Gene Profiles of Sequence Type 2 (ST2) isolates in H1 and H2. Conclusion This study provides us with a snapshot of antibiotic resistant genes among circulating Acinetobacter isolates prevalent in an area. All hospital isolates demonstrated resistance to beta-lactams. Multidrug resistant ST2 isolates from both hospitals demonstrate similar antibiotic resistance gene profiles suggesting a common circulating strain in the area. No colistin resistance genes were detected in any isolates. Because Acinetobacter infections are predominantly hospital acquired, it is important to continually monitor resistance profiles to determine the trends that may better serve both the patients and infection control practices. Disclosures Chetan Jinadatha, MD, MPH, AHRQ (Research Grant or Support)Department of Veterans Affairs (Other Financial or Material Support, Owner: Department of Veterans Affairs. Licensed to: Xenex Disinfection System, San Antonio, TX)Inventor (Other Financial or Material Support, Methods for organizing the disinfection of one or more items contaminated with biological agents)NiH/NINR (Research Grant or Support)NSF (Research Grant or Support)Xenex Healthcare Services (Research Grant or Support)

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