Understanding of binding energy calibration in XPS of lanthanum oxide by in situ treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (40) ◽  
pp. 22351-22358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Pui Ho Li ◽  
Xiaohong Zhou ◽  
Yaoqi Pang ◽  
Liang Zhu ◽  
Evgeny I. Vovk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Photoelectron Spectra ◽  
Energy Calibration

La compounds photoelectron spectra calibration using La 4d5/2 peak as internal standard is proposed. This is demonstrated by characterizing different La compounds formed after in situ treatments on a nanorod La2O3 catalyst.

scholarly journals Correction: Understanding of binding energy calibration in XPS of lanthanum oxide by in situ treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3748-3748
Author(s):  
Jerry Pui Ho Li ◽  
Xiaohong Zhou ◽  
Yaoqi Pang ◽  
Liang Zhu ◽  
Evgeny I. Vovk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Chem Phys ◽  
Energy Calibration ◽  
Phys Chem Chem Phys

Correction for ‘Understanding of binding energy calibration in XPS of lanthanum oxide by in situ treatment’ by Jerry Pui Ho Li et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, 21, 22351–22358.

Understanding lanthanum oxide surface structure by DFT simulation of oxygen 1s calibrated binding energy in XPS after in situ treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 149214
Author(s):  
Yaoqi Pang ◽  
Xiaohong Zhou ◽  
Evgeny I. Vovk ◽  
Cairu Guan ◽  
Shenggang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
Dft Simulation

scholarly journals Converting copper sulfide to copper with surface sulfur for electrocatalytic alkyne semi-hydrogenation with water

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongmeng Wu ◽  
Cuibo Liu ◽  
Changhong Wang ◽  
Yifu Yu ◽  
Yanmei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Atomic Hydrogen ◽  
Copper Sulfide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Copper Nanowire

AbstractElectrocatalytic alkyne semi-hydrogenation to alkenes with water as the hydrogen source using a low-cost noble-metal-free catalyst is highly desirable but challenging because of their over-hydrogenation to undesired alkanes. Here, we propose that an ideal catalyst should have the appropriate binding energy with active atomic hydrogen (H*) from water electrolysis and a weaker adsorption with an alkene, thus promoting alkyne semi-hydrogenation and avoiding over-hydrogenation. So, surface sulfur-doped and -adsorbed low-coordinated copper nanowire sponges are designedly synthesized via in situ electroreduction of copper sulfide and enable electrocatalytic alkyne semi-hydrogenation with over 99% selectivity using water as the hydrogen source, outperforming a copper counterpart without surface sulfur. Sulfur anion-hydrated cation (S2−-K+(H2O)n) networks between the surface adsorbed S2− and K+ in the KOH electrolyte boost the production of active H* from water electrolysis. And the trace doping of sulfur weakens the alkene adsorption, avoiding over-hydrogenation. Our catalyst also shows wide substrate scopes, up to 99% alkenes selectivity, good reducible groups compatibility, and easily synthesized deuterated alkenes, highlighting the promising potential of this method.

Isomer Specific Assay of Ester and Salt Formulations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography: Collaborative Study

1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1163-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy S Stevens ◽  
Norman E Skelly ◽  
Robert B Grorud
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay of ester and salt formulations of 2,4-D has been collaboratively studied. The method is specific for 2,4-D isomer and resolves all known impurities from 2,4-D and the internal standard p-bromophenol. In situ saponification, at room temperature, is performed by adding a combined saponification-internal standard solution to ester products. The same saponification- internal standard solution is added to amine salts and the analytical standard. The injected aqueous potassium salt solution of 2,4-D is then converted to the acid form by an acidic buffered mobile solvent of 20% acetonitrile in water. Optimum chromatography is attained by a mobile solvent pH of 2.95 in a reverse phase microparticulate column, by ion suppression. Each of the 9 collaborators received 3 different ester and 2 different amine formulations of 2,4-D. The coefficients of variation of 2,4-D acid equivalent ranged from 1.22 to 1.59%. The method has been adopted as official first action.

scholarly journals Characterization of Ti/SnO2 Interface by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Nanomaterials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Miranda Martinez ◽  
Anil R. Chourasia
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Photoelectron Spectra ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Substrate Temperatures ◽  
Beam Technique

The Ti/SnO2 interface has been investigated in situ via the technique of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Thin films (in the range from 0.3 to 1.1 nm) of titanium were deposited on SnO2 substrates via the e-beam technique. The deposition was carried out at two different substrate temperatures, namely room temperature and 200 °C. The photoelectron spectra of tin and titanium in the samples were found to exhibit significant differences upon comparison with the corresponding elemental and the oxide spectra. These changes result from chemical interaction between SnO2 and the titanium overlayer at the interface. The SnO2 was observed to be reduced to elemental tin while the titanium overlayer was observed to become oxidized. Complete reduction of SnO2 to elemental tin did not occur even for the lowest thickness of the titanium overlayer. The interfaces in both the types of the samples were observed to consist of elemental Sn, SnO2, elemental titanium, TiO2, and Ti-suboxide. The relative percentages of the constituents at the interface have been estimated by curve fitting the spectral data with the corresponding elemental and the oxide spectra. In the 200 °C samples, thermal diffusion of the titanium overlayer was observed. This resulted in the complete oxidation of the titanium overlayer to TiO2 upto a thickness of 0.9 nm of the overlayer. Elemental titanium resulting from the unreacted overlayer was observed to be more in the room temperature samples. The room temperature samples showed variation around 20% for the Ti-suboxide while an increasing trend was observed in the 200 °C samples.

scholarly journals In situ electrochemical characterisation of graphene and various carbon-based electrode materials: an internal standard approach

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 37281-37286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale A. C. Brownson ◽  
Peter J. Kelly ◽  
Craig E. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Standard Approach ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Electrochemical Characterisation ◽  
Carbon Based

An internal standard protocol is utilised to simultaneously characterise and utilise carbon-based electrode materials during their implementation.

In-Situ Measurement of Artificial Nuclides in Seabed Sediments Based on Monte Carlo Simulations and an Underwater HPGe Detector

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Jinzhao Zhang ◽  
Hongzhi Li ◽  
Xianguo Tuo
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Hpge Detector ◽  
High Energy ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Energy Calibration ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
Seabed Sediments

AbstractIn-situ measurement of marine sediment radioactivity does not destroy the stratification of radionuclides in the sediment. We develop a novel seabed sediment radioactive measurement technique using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. The overall measurement system is designed, and the detector energy calibration is performed. The efficiency is calculated based on Monte Carlo simulations using the MCNP5 code. We compared the efficiency and energy resolution with the NaI(Tl) detection through experiments. NaI(Tl) detection is incapable of identifying the 137Cs artificial nuclides in seabed sediments due to the energy resolution limit. Hence, underwater HPGe detection is utilized due to its high energy resolution, which enables the detection of artificial nuclides 137Cs. The proposed method is of great significance in evaluating marine radioactive pollution.

Effect of Dehydration Methods on Mechanical Strength of Nanohydroxyapatite/Collagen Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 349-352
Author(s):  
Xiao Yan Lin ◽  
Xu Dong Li ◽  
Xing Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Air Drying

Hydroxyapatite/collagen composites were prepared in-situ synthesis. The composites were finally achieved by dehydration including air-drying and freeze-drying methods. FTIR, XPS and DSC were employed to investigate the composites dehydrated by two methods. The air-dried composites had better mechanical properties than those of the composites dried by freeze drying. Air-drying of the composite induced more bond formation and crosslink between collagen fibers and HA crystals compared with freeze-drying of the composite, as indicated by the shifting of amide A and I bands to the lower wavenumber and by the changes in the binding energy of O1s, Ca2p, and P2p, leading to the increase of the peak temperature of the composites. Collagen crosslink and bond formation in the air-dried composites were key factors to increase the bending strength of the composites. The results of this study confirm that in situ synthesis and air-dry method are effective ways to obtain nanoHA/COL composites with high mechanical properties.

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