Face indexing and shape analysis of salicylamide crystals grown in different solvents

CrystEngComm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 2648-2659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisling Lynch ◽  
Vivek Verma ◽  
Jacek Zeglinski ◽  
Pauric Bannigan ◽  
Åke Rasmuson
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Crystal Habit ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Face Indexing

The effect of solvent on salicylamide's crystal habit was investigated. It is deduced that ethyl acetate is adsorbed more strongly on the faces, the increased size of which, can explain the shape change.

scholarly journals Effect of solvent fractions of crude extract of Liushenqu on gastrointestinal motility in guinea pigs, and the underlying mechanism(s)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1089-1094
Author(s):  
Hongling Zhang ◽  
Hairong Zeng ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Yi Qin ◽  
Qinwan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Effect Of Solvent

Purpose: To study the effect of solvent fractions of the crude extract of liushenqu on gastrointestinal motility in guinea pigs, and the mechanism of action. Methods: The effects of solvent fractions of crude extract of liushenqu (LSQ) on receptors in guinea pig isolated small intestinal cells were determined by treatment with different receptor blockers, including diphenhydramine (0.067 mg/mL), atropine sulfate (0.064 mg/mL), propranolol hydrochloride (0.033mg/mL), phentolamine mesylate (0.04mg/mL) and ondansetron hydrochloride (0.048mg/mL), to investigate the possible pharmacological mechanism of action. Results: There was no significant change in the maximum amplitude of muscle tension before and after administration in the control group, petroleum ether fraction group, and dichlormethane fraction group, while muscle tension in the 95 % ethanol and n-butanol fractions significantly increased (p < 0.01). The mean changes in tension were significantly different from that of control group (p < 0.01), but ethyl acetate fraction showed significant intestinal muscle inhibition (p < 0.01). Addition of LSQ did not alleviate the inhibition caused by diphenhydramine, but it significantly reversed the inhibition caused by blockers of cholinergic muscarinic receptor, adrenergic alpha- and beta- receptors, and 5-HT receptor (p < 0.01). Conclusion: These results indicate that n-butanol fraction is the most effective bioactive fraction of LSQ, while ethyl acetate fraction has the opposite effect. In addition, its mechanism of action is related to increase in the amplitude of small intestine smooth muscle contraction and acceleration of small intestine peristalsis.

Preparation and Properties of Tetrabasic Graft Copolymer Adhesive of CR/TPI/MMA/MAA

2011 ◽  
Vol 80-81 ◽  
pp. 400-404
Author(s):  
Sheng Hua Lv ◽  
Di Li
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Graft Copolymer ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Isoprene Rubber

The chloroprene rubber (CR) and trans isoprene rubber (TPI) combined with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and α-Methylacrylic acid (MAA) to obtain a tetrabasic graft copolymer adhesive in a low poisonous mixing solvent. The effect of solvent, ratio of CR and TPI, benzoyl peroxide (BPO) amount, the dosage of MMA and MAA on the adhesive properties was investigated by studied the relationship between graft percentage (GP) and the T peel strength (T-PS) of various graft copolymer adhesives. The results showed that an excellent tetrabasic graft copolymer adhesive was obtained by a copolymerization of CR, TPI, MMA and MAA was 85 g, 15 g, 0.8 g, 60 g and 10 g using 0.8g BPO as initiator in a low poisnouos mixing solvent consisted of 124 g ethyl acetate (EA), 44 g pyroacetic spirit (PK) and 32 g toluene (TOL) at 85 °C for 5 h. The chemical structure of the tetrabasic graft copolymer adhesive was characterized by FTIR.

Predicting the Effect of Solvent on the Crystal Habit of Small Organic Molecules

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 2590-2604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J. Tilbury ◽  
Daniel A. Green ◽  
William J. Marshall ◽  
Michael F. Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Crystal Habit ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Effect Of Solvent

scholarly journals Effect of Solvent on Crystal Habit and Dissolution Behavior of Tolbutamide by Initial Solvent Screening

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh A. Keraliya ◽  
Tejal G. Soni ◽  
Vaishali T. Thakkar ◽  
Tejal R. Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Habit ◽  
Dissolution Behavior ◽  
Effect Of Solvent

scholarly journals Kajian Pengaruh Pelarut Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Alga Coklat Genus Sargassum dengan Metode Dpph

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Yunika Candra Riskiana ◽  
Rissa Laila Vifta
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Journal Review ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Dpph Method

Brown algae of the genus Sargassum contain phenolic, chlorophyll and carotenoid compounds that function as the most effective antioxidants. The withdrawal of active compounds from natural ingredients is influenced by the nature of the polarity of a solvent. This study aims to examine the effect of solvent variations on antioxidant activity and secondary metabolites in the genus sargassum using the DPPH method.  : This research was conducted using a journal review method using secondary data The solvents used were ethanol and methanol (polar), ethyl acetate (semi polar) and n-hexane (non polar). Antioxidant activity Sargassum in ethyl acetate solvent, namely IC50 = 68.89 mg/L, methanol = 69.27 mg/L, ethanol = 239.51 mg/L and n-hexane = 148 ,16 mg/L. The content of secondary metabolites that have antioxidant activity is phenolic compounds of 1,348.18 mg GAE/g, chlorophyll of 2.84 mg/g and carotenoids of 2.69 mol/g. The solvent variation has an influence on the antioxidant activity. ABSTRAK Alga coklat genus Sargassum mengandung senyawa fenolik, klorofil dan karotenoid yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan yang paling efektif. Penarikan senyawa aktif dari bahan alam dipengaruhi oleh sifat kepolaran suatu pelarut. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi pelarut terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada genus (Sargassum) dengan metode DPPH. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode review jurnal menggunakan data sekunder. Pelarut yang digunakan yaitu etanol dan metanol (polar), etil asetat (semi polar) dan n-heksan (non polar). Aktivitas antioksidan (Sargassum) pada pelarut etil asetat yaitu IC50 = 68,89 mg/L, methanol = 69,27 mg/L, etanol = 239,51 mg/L dan n-heksan = 148,16 mg/L. Kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan adalah senyawa fenolik sebesar 1.348,18 ± 2.57 mg GAE/g, klorofil  sebesar 2,84 mg/g dan karotenoid sebesar 2,69 µmol/g. Variasi pelarut memberikan pengaruh terhadap aktivitas antioksidan.

Isothermal Molecular Weight Determination: Apparatus, Procedure, and Study of Effect of Solvent and Standard on Accuracy and Precision

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 992-999
Author(s):  
Laverne H Scroggins ◽  
C L Ogg
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
Molecular Weight Determination ◽  
Extensive Investigation ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract A study was made of the isothermal molecular weight determination; the apparatus constructed and the procedure developed are described. An extensive investigation was carried out to provide reliable guides for the selection of the correct solvents and standard reference compounds to be used in the molecular weight determination. This study produced statistical evidence of the behavior, in five different solvents, of representative compounds from each of the following chemical groups: hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, acids, nitriles, amines, and sulfides. Analysis showed that acetone and ethyl acetate are the best solvents if the composition of the sample is not known. Chloroform proved to be a good solvent except for samples in which hydrogen bonding could occur. n-Heptane was satisfactory for six of the eight types of compounds; benzene war. by far the poorest solvent

scholarly journals Extraction of Bioactive Compounds as Natural Antioxidants from Fresh Spirulina platensis using Different Solvents

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiya Firdiyani ◽  
Tri Winarni Agustini ◽  
Widodo Farid Ma'ruf
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Natural Antioxidant ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidants ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Keywords Antioxidants ◽  
Positive Results

Spirulina platensis is a bioactive-rich microalga of great potential as a source of natural antioxidant. Natural antioxidants are increasing in demand, because it is considered as more safe than synthetic antioxidants. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of solvent on the potential of natural antioxidant from fresh S. platensis. The antioxidant compound was extracted using either acetone or ethyl acetate by reflux method. The yield of extractions were 1.86% and 3.07% for aceton and ethyl acetate, respectively. Fresh S. platensis extracts were considered as potential antioxidant source with IC50 values 65.89 ppm, and 76.36 ppm when using acetone and ethyl acetate, respectivetly, even though it were still lower compare to the IC50 of positive control quercetin i.e 21.64 ppm. Phytochemical test showed positive results of phenolic compound, triterpenoids, steroid, flavanoid, and saponin. aw value of Spirulina platensis was 0.61 and 0.81 for aceton and ethyl acetate, respectively. It was concluded that different solvent affected the antioxidant activity of S. platensis extract. Keywords: Antioxidants, aceton, ethyl acetate, fresh Spirulina platensis

Effect of solvent motions on the dynamics of the Diels-Alder reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyong Zhang ◽  
Pierre-louis Lefebvre ◽  
Jeremy Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction

How solvent motions affects the dynamics of chemical reactions in which the solute undergoes a substantial shape change is a fundamental but elusive issue. This work utilizes reactive simulation and...

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