Effects of water vapor and oxygen on non-fullerene small molecule acceptors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanfei Wang ◽  
Shaofei Ni ◽  
Slawomir Braun ◽  
Mats Fahlman ◽  
Xianjie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Tolerance of non-fullerene acceptors to water vapor, oxygen and thermal stress was investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy via the in situ method.

scholarly journals Catalytic Behaviour of Flame-Made CuO-CeO2 Nanocatalysts in Efficient CO Oxidation

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhao ◽  
Shuangde Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Wu ◽  
Renliang Yue ◽  
Weiman Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Co Oxidation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Co Adsorption ◽  
Synergistic Interaction ◽  
Flame Spray ◽  
Oxidation Activity ◽  
X Ray

CuO-CeO2 nanocatalysts with varying CuO contents (1, 5, 9, 14 and 17 wt %) were prepared by one-step flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) and applied to CO oxidation. The influences of CuO content on the as-prepared catalysts were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption at −196 °C, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and hydrogen-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR). A superior CO oxidation activity was observed for the 14 wt % CuO-CeO2 catalyst, with 90% CO conversion at 98 °C at space velocity (60,000 mL × g−1 × h−1), which was attributed to abundant surface defects (lattice distortion, Ce3+, and oxygen vacancies) and high reducibility supported by strong synergistic interaction. In addition, the catalyst also displayed excellent stability and resistance to water vapor. Significantly, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (in situ DRIFTS) showed that in the CO catalytic oxidation process, the strong synergistic interaction led readily to dehydroxylation and CO adsorption on Cu+ at low temperature. Furthermore, in the feed of water vapor, although there was an adverse effect on the access of CO adsorption, there was also a positive effect on the formation of fewer carbon intermediates. All these results showed the potential of highly active and water vapor-resistive CuO-CeO2 catalysts prepared by FSP.

A new method for the in situ assay of α-glucosidase activity and inhibitor screening through an enzyme substrate-mediated DNA hybridization chain reaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (24) ◽  
pp. 9458-9465
Author(s):  
Xiquan Yue ◽  
Lihong Su ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Junfeng Liu ◽  
Longpo Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
New Method ◽  
Hybridization Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Inhibitor Screening ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
In Situ Assay

The strategy is based on small molecule-mediated hybridization chain reaction.

scholarly journals In-situ NiO nanostructure growth during heating in water vapor atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
pp. 2102-2103
Author(s):  
Boyi Qu ◽  
Klaus van Benthem
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Water Vapor Atmosphere

scholarly journals Backbonding contributions to small molecule chemisorption in a metal–organic framework with open copper(i) centers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Su ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Brandon R. Barnett ◽  
Jeffrey R. Long ◽  
David Prendergast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Site ◽  
Absorption Fine ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Organic Framework

In situ near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy directly probes unoccupied states associated with backbonding interactions between the open metal site in a metal–organic framework and various small molecule guests.

scholarly journals In situ monitoring of the influence of water on DNA radiation damage by near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Benjamin Hahn ◽  
Paul M. Dietrich ◽  
Jörg Radnik
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
X Ray

AbstractIonizing radiation damage to DNA plays a fundamental role in cancer therapy. X-ray photoelectron-spectroscopy (XPS) allows simultaneous irradiation and damage monitoring. Although water radiolysis is essential for radiation damage, all previous XPS studies were performed in vacuum. Here we present near-ambient-pressure XPS experiments to directly measure DNA damage under water atmosphere. They permit in-situ monitoring of the effects of radicals on fully hydrated double-stranded DNA. The results allow us to distinguish direct damage, by photons and secondary low-energy electrons (LEE), from damage by hydroxyl radicals or hydration induced modifications of damage pathways. The exposure of dry DNA to x-rays leads to strand-breaks at the sugar-phosphate backbone, while deoxyribose and nucleobases are less affected. In contrast, a strong increase of DNA damage is observed in water, where OH-radicals are produced. In consequence, base damage and base release become predominant, even though the number of strand-breaks increases further.

On The Optimized Nucleation of Near-Single-Crystal Cvd Diamond Film

1995 ◽  
Vol 416 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Chen ◽  
C. C. Juan ◽  
J. Y. Wu ◽  
K. H. Chen ◽  
J. W. Teng
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Nucleation Density ◽  
Induced Current ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond

ABSTRACTNear-single-crystal diamond films have been obtained in a number of laboratories recently. The optimization of nucleation density by using a bias-enhanced nucleation (BEN) method is believed to be a critical step. However, the condition of optimized nucleation has never been clearly delineated. In the present report, a novel quantitative technique was established to monitor the nucleation of diamond in-situ. Specifically, the induced current was measured as a function of nucleation time during BEN. The timedependence of induced current was studied under various methane concentrations as well as substrate temperatures. The optimized nucleation condition can be unambiguously determined from the current-time plot. Besides the in-situ current probe, ex-situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were also used to investigate the chemical and morphological evolution. Characteristic XPS and AFM features of optimized nucleation is discussed.

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