Highly compact, free-standing porous electrodes from polymer-derived nanoporous carbons for efficient electrochemical capacitive deionization

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1768-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Ji‡ ◽  
Li Wang‡ ◽  
Jason Yang ◽  
Xu Wu ◽  
Mingqian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microporous Carbon ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Nanoporous Carbons ◽  
Carbon Particles

Highly compact, nanoporous electrodes fabricated by slip-roll compressing of polypyrrole-derived activated microporous carbon particles enable efficient electrochemical capacitive deionization.

scholarly journals Metallic Porous Electrodes Enable Efficient Bicarbonate Electrolysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zishuai Zhang ◽  
Faezeh Habibzadeh ◽  
Danielle A. Salvatore ◽  
Shaoxuan Ren ◽  
Eric W. Lees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Flow Cell ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Bicarbonate Solutions ◽  
Porous Silver

We demonstrate here that a porous free-standing silver foam cathode in an electrolytic flow cell mediates efficient electrolysis of 3.0 M bicarbonate solutions into CO. These results have direct implications for carbon capture schemes where OH- solutions react with CO2 to form bicarbonate-rich solutions that need to be treated to recycle the sorbent and recover the CO2. Our study shows a viable path for replacing the high-temperature thermal process currently used to recover CO2 from these carbon capture solutions by using electricity to drive the conversion of bicarbonate into CO2 and subsequently into CO. The use of free-standing porous silver electrodes was found to yield electrolysis performance parameters (e.g., a Faradaic efficiency for CO production, FECO, of 78% at 100 mA cm2; <3% performance loss after 80 h operation) that are superior to results obtained in bicarbonate electrolyzers that utilize conventional carbon-based gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) designed for gaseous CO2 fed electrolyzers. These performance metrics are comparable to any electrolytic flow cell fed directly with a CO2 feedstock, with the added benefit of not requiring an energy-intensive pressurization step that would be necessary for the electrolysis of gaseous CO2. These findings represent a potentially important step in closing the carbon cycle.

Theory of water treatment by capacitive deionization with redox active porous electrodes

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 282-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan He ◽  
P.M. Biesheuvel ◽  
Martin Z. Bazant ◽  
T. Alan Hatton
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Redox Active

Nanoporous MnO2 Nanoflakes Modified Carbon Cloth Material for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions in Water by Capacitive Deionization

2018 ◽  
Vol MA2018-01 (32) ◽  
pp. 1973-1973
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Daniel J Blackwood
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
List Type ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Counter Electrodes ◽  
High Electronic Conductivity

Increasing demand for the limited resource of fresh water for the large urban populations and development of agriculture and industry draws public concern. Removal of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, chromium and mercury is crucial in environmental improvement of water and industrial wastewater treatment. Great efforts have been made through chemical precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange, filtration and electrochemical treatment. However, a large volume of sludge residue, expensive and complex matrix materials and low efficiency are still problems that need to be improved. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising energy-efficient technology for water desalination, which is easy to handle and environmentally friendly producing no secondary contaminants through the water purifying process [1]. In order to effectively remove ions, the porous electrodes with large surface area, good chemical stability, high electronic conductivity, and hydrophility are key factors in the selection of CDI materials. Highly porous carbon materials represent the typical electrodes to store the ions through surface ion adsorption/desorption, which is generally categorized as electrochemical double layer. By contrast, pseudocapacitors that consist of conducting polymers and transition metals, store more charge through redox reactions. Among the alternative candidates, the natural abundant and environmental benign MnO2 is of particular interest for research, due to its high theoretical specific capacitance and the ability to be use in mild aqueous electrolytes which expand its practical application [2-3]. MnO2 can be fabricated easily and its morphology can be controlled during simple hydrothermal growth processes. Direct growth on carbon cloth, which is an excellent flexible and conductive substrate, could enhance the regeneration and reuse property of MnO2 as an ideal CDI electrode. Porous MnO2@cabon cloth composites were prepared via a facile hydrothermal method (Figure a). The BET result showed that the average pore width is 18.2 nm. To investigate the CDI property of removing the heavy metal ions, one piece of MnO2@CC and one piece of activated carbon@graphite paper were assembled as working and counter electrodes respectively. This work confirmed the potential of using MnO2@CC as a good CDI electrode material for removal of heavy metal ions from water (Figure b). References S. Porada, R. Zhao, A. Wal, V. Presser, and P. M. Biesheuvel, Prog. Mater. Sci., 58, 1388 (2013). W. Wei, X. Cui, W. Chen, and D. G. Ivey, Chem. Soc. Rev., 40, 1697 (2011). J. Wang, F. Kang, and B. Wei, Prog. Mater. Sci., 74, 51 (2015). Figure 1

Mold-casting prepared free-standing activated carbon electrodes for capacitive deionization

Carbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 627-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Wu ◽  
Mingquan Liu ◽  
Silu Huo ◽  
Xiaogang Zang ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Mold Casting

Free-standing flexible film as a binder-free electrode for an efficient hybrid deionization system

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5896-5908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Sriramulu ◽  
Hui Ying Yang
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
System P ◽  
Flexible Film ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Binder Free

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an energy efficient and cost-effective technology for the desalination of brackish water.

scholarly journals Enhanced Salt Removal in an Inverted Capacitive Deionization Cell Using Amine Modified Microporous Carbon Cathodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (18) ◽  
pp. 10920-10926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Gao ◽  
Ayokunle Omosebi ◽  
James Landon ◽  
Kunlei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Microporous Carbon ◽  
Capacitive Deionization

A review on free-standing electrodes for energy-effective desalination: Recent advances and perspectives in capacitive deionization

Desalination ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 114662
Author(s):  
Sareh Vafakhah ◽  
Zahra Beiramzadeh ◽  
Mohsen Saeedikhani ◽  
Hui Ying Yang
Keyword(s):  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Recent Advances
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