scholarly journals Radiation-grafted cation-exchange membranes: an initial ex situ feasibility study into their potential use in reverse electrodialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 1682-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry R. Willson ◽  
Ian Hamerton ◽  
John R. Varcoe ◽  
Rachida Bance-Soualhi
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Cation Exchange Membrane ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Potential Use

A low resistance bis(vinylphenyl)ethane-crosslinked radiation-grafted cation-exchange membrane can achieve a permselectivity of >90%.

scholarly journals Custom-Made Ion Exchange Membranes at Laboratory Scale for Reverse Electrodialysis

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Villafaña-López ◽  
Daniel M. Reyes-Valadez ◽  
Oscar A. González-Vargas ◽  
Victor A. Suárez-Toriello ◽  
Jesús S. Jaime-Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Cation Exchange Membrane ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Salinity gradient power is a renewable, non-intermittent, and neutral carbon energy source. Reverse electrodialysis is one of the most efficient and mature techniques that can harvest this energy from natural estuaries produced by the mixture of seawater and river water. For this, the development of cheap and suitable ion-exchange membranes is crucial for a harvest profitability energy from salinity gradients. In this work, both anion-exchange membrane and cation-exchange membrane based on poly(epichlorohydrin) and polyvinyl chloride, respectively, were synthesized at a laboratory scale (255 c m 2) by way of a solvent evaporation technique. Anion-exchange membrane was surface modified with poly(ethylenimine) and glutaraldehyde, while cellulose acetate was used for the cation exchange membrane structural modification. Modified cation-exchange membrane showed an increase in surface hydrophilicity, ion transportation and permselectivity. Structural modification on the cation-exchange membrane was evidenced by scanning electron microscopy. For the modified anion exchange membrane, a decrease in swelling degree and an increase in both the ion exchange capacity and the fixed charge density suggests an improved performance over the unmodified membrane. Finally, the results obtained in both modified membranes suggest that an enhanced performance in blue energy generation can be expected from these membranes using the reverse electrodialysis technique.

Heterogeneous PVC cation-exchange membrane synthesis by electrospinning for reverse electrodialysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Salvador Jaime-Ferrer ◽  
Marcela Mosqueda-Quintero ◽  
Victor A. Suárez-Toriello ◽  
Sean M. Anderson ◽  
Oscar A. González Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Membrane ◽  
Solution Technique ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Casting Solution ◽  
Exchange Membrane

AbstractBlue energy (or salinity gradient energy) is a renewable, carbon-neutral, and continuous electrical energy source that can be obtained via the reverse electrodialysis (RED) technique. The viability of this technology strictly depends on the performance and cost of the ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) that compose the RED units; designing the optimal membrane represents a critical challenge due to the complex relation between the performance, properties, and structure of the membrane. In this work, we present our findings on an electrospun cation-exchange membrane based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a strongly acidic cation exchange resin, with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an additive. We contrast it with a similar membrane produced with the more conventional casting solution technique. The electrospinning technique provides thinner and more homogeneous membranes than those synthesized via casting. The membranes were characterized using morphological, spectroscopic, and analytical methods. Scanning electron microscopy images depicted an intertwined nanofiber mesh within the membrane. We also synthesized the same electrospun cation exchange membrane without SDS; this membrane presented 63% less swelling, and a significant increase in the fixed charge density (CDfix) (119.6 meq/g) when compared to its casting solution counterpart (34 meq/g). This suggests an enhanced permselectivity, and thus better performance for blue energy generation in RED units.

Improvement of HI concentration performance for hydrogen production iodine–sulfur process using crosslinked cation-exchange membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 116575
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Tanaka ◽  
Shin-ichi Sawada ◽  
Tetsuya Yamaki ◽  
Takehide Kodaira ◽  
Takehiro Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Membrane

scholarly journals Evaluation of Electrodialysis Desalination Performance of Novel Bioinspired and Conventional Ion Exchange Membranes with Sodium Chloride Feed Solutions

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
AHM Golam Hyder ◽  
Brian A. Morales ◽  
Malynda A. Cappelle ◽  
Stephen J. Percival ◽  
Leo J. Small ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Cation Exchange Membrane ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Electrodialysis (ED) desalination performance of different conventional and laboratory-scale ion exchange membranes (IEMs) has been evaluated by many researchers, but most of these studies used their own sets of experimental parameters such as feed solution compositions and concentrations, superficial velocities of the process streams (diluate, concentrate, and electrode rinse), applied electrical voltages, and types of IEMs. Thus, direct comparison of ED desalination performance of different IEMs is virtually impossible. While the use of different conventional IEMs in ED has been reported, the use of bioinspired ion exchange membrane has not been reported yet. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ED desalination performance differences between novel laboratory‑scale bioinspired IEM and conventional IEMs by determining (i) limiting current density, (ii) current density, (iii) current efficiency, (iv) salinity reduction in diluate stream, (v) normalized specific energy consumption, and (vi) water flux by osmosis as a function of (a) initial concentration of NaCl feed solution (diluate and concentrate streams), (b) superficial velocity of feed solution, and (c) applied stack voltage per cell-pair of membranes. A laboratory‑scale single stage batch-recycle electrodialysis experimental apparatus was assembled with five cell‑pairs of IEMs with an active cross-sectional area of 7.84 cm2. In this study, seven combinations of IEMs (commercial and laboratory-made) were compared: (i) Neosepta AMX/CMX, (ii) PCA PCSA/PCSK, (iii) Fujifilm Type 1 AEM/CEM, (iv) SUEZ AR204SZRA/CR67HMR, (v) Ralex AMH-PES/CMH-PES, (vi) Neosepta AMX/Bare Polycarbonate membrane (Polycarb), and (vii) Neosepta AMX/Sandia novel bioinspired cation exchange membrane (SandiaCEM). ED desalination performance with the Sandia novel bioinspired cation exchange membrane (SandiaCEM) was found to be competitive with commercial Neosepta CMX cation exchange membrane.

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