scholarly journals Detailed kinetics of substituted phenolic species in pyrolysis bio-oils

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Pelucchi ◽  
Carlo Cavallotti ◽  
Alberto Cuoci ◽  
Tiziano Faravelli ◽  
Alessio Frassoldati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Detailed Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

A comprehensive kinetic model for the pyrolysis and combustion of substituted phenolic species, key components of fast pyrolysis bio-oils.

scholarly journals A nonequilibrium binary elements-based kinetic model for benzodiazepine regulation of GABAA receptors

2014 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel P. Goldschen-Ohm ◽  
Alexander Haroldson ◽  
Mathew V. Jones ◽  
Robert A. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Gabaa Receptor ◽  
Structural Domains ◽  
Partial Agonists ◽  
Transmembrane Channel ◽  
Channel Gate ◽  
Current Activation ◽  
Detailed Kinetics ◽  
Interdomain Interactions ◽  
Kinetics Of

Ion channels, like many other proteins, are composed of multiple structural domains. A stimulus that impinges on one domain, such as binding of a ligand to its recognition site, can influence the activity of another domain, such as a transmembrane channel gate, through interdomain interactions. Kinetic schemes that describe the function of interacting domains typically incorporate a minimal number of states and transitions, and do not explicitly model interactions between domains. Here, we develop a kinetic model of the GABAA receptor, a ligand-gated ion channel modulated by numerous compounds including benzodiazepines, a class of drugs used clinically as sedatives and anxiolytics. Our model explicitly treats both the kinetics of distinct functional domains within the receptor and the interactions between these domains. The model describes not only how benzodiazepines that potentiate GABAA receptor activity, such as diazepam, affect peak current dose–response relationships in the presence of desensitization, but also their effect on the detailed kinetics of current activation, desensitization, and deactivation in response to various stimulation protocols. Finally, our model explains positive modulation by benzodiazepines of receptor currents elicited by either full or partial agonists, and can resolve conflicting observations arguing for benzodiazepine modulation of agonist binding versus channel gating.

Diffusion model for deposition of epitaxial GaAs layers prepared by the MOCVD method

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 2020-2029
Author(s):  
Jindřich Leitner ◽  
Petr Voňka ◽  
Josef Stejskal ◽  
Přemysl Klíma ◽  
Rudolf Hladina
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Hydrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Epitaxial Gaas ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Good Agreement

The authors proposed and treated quantitatively a kinetic model for deposition of epitaxial GaAs layers prepared by reaction of trimethylgallium with arsine in hydrogen atmosphere. The transport of gallium to the surface of the substrate is considered as the controlling process. The influence of the rate of chemical reactions in the gas phase and on the substrate surface on the kinetics of the deposition process is neglected. The calculated dependence of the growth rate of the layers on the conditions of the deposition is in a good agreement with experimental data in the temperature range from 600 to 800°C.

scholarly journals Torrefaction Thermogravimetric Analysis and Kinetics of Sorghum Distilled Residue for Sustainable Fuel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4246
Author(s):  
Shih-Wei Yen ◽  
Wei-Hsin Chen ◽  
Jo-Shu Chang ◽  
Chun-Fong Eng ◽  
Salman Raza Naqvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Kinetics Of

This study investigated the kinetics of isothermal torrefaction of sorghum distilled residue (SDR), the main byproduct of the sorghum liquor-making process. The samples chosen were torrefied isothermally at five different temperatures under a nitrogen atmosphere in a thermogravimetric analyzer. Afterward, two different kinetic methods, the traditional model-free approach, and a two-step parallel reaction (TPR) kinetic model, were used to obtain the torrefaction kinetics of SDR. With the acquired 92–97% fit quality, which is the degree of similarity between calculated and real torrefaction curves, the traditional method approached using the Arrhenius equation showed a poor ability on kinetics prediction, whereas the TPR kinetic model optimized by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm showed that all the fit qualities are as high as 99%. The results suggest that PSO can simulate the actual torrefaction kinetics more accurately than the traditional kinetics approach. Moreover, the PSO method can be further employed for simulating the weight changes of reaction intermediates throughout the process. This computational method could be used as a powerful tool for industrial design and optimization in the biochar manufacturing process.

scholarly journals A Logistic Approach for Kinetics of Isothermal Pyrolysis of Cellulose

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
Jorge López-Beceiro ◽  
Ana María Díaz-Díaz ◽  
Ana Álvarez-García ◽  
Javier Tarrío-Saavedra ◽  
Salvador Naya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Rate Parameter ◽  
Thermogravimetric Data ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Logistic Functions

A kinetic model is proposed to fit isothermal thermogravimetric data obtained from cellulose in an inert atmosphere at different temperatures. The method used here to evaluate the model involves two steps: (1) fitting of single time-derivative thermogravimetric curves (DTG) obtained at different temperatures versus time, and (2) fitting of the rate parameter values obtained at different temperatures versus temperature. The first step makes use of derivative of logistic functions. For the second step, the dependence of the rate factor on temperature is evaluated. That separation of the curve fitting from the analysis of the rate factor resulted to be very flexible since it proved to work for previous crystallization studies and now for thermal degradation of cellulose.

Detailed Kinetics and Thermochemistry of C2H5+ O2:  Reaction Kinetics of the Chemically-Activated and Stabilized CH3CH2OO•Adduct

2002 ◽  
Vol 106 (32) ◽  
pp. 7276-7293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Y. Sheng ◽  
Joseph W. Bozzelli ◽  
Anthony M. Dean ◽  
Albert Y. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Detailed Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals A kinetic model of ferrous iron oxidation by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in a batch culture

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragisa Savic ◽  
Miodrag Lazic ◽  
Vlada Veljkovic ◽  
Miroslav Vrvic
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Iron Oxidation ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Ferrous Iron Oxidation ◽  
Menten Kinetic ◽  
Kinetics Of

The batch oxidation kinetics of ferrous iron by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans were examined at different oxygen transfer rates and pH in an aerated stirred tank and a bubble column. The microbial growth, oxygen consumption rate and ferrous and ferric iron were monitored during the biooxidation. A kinetic model was established on the basis of the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation for bacterial growth and the constants estimated from experimental data (maximum specific growth rate 0.069 h-1, saturation constant 2.9 g/dm3, and biomass yield coefficient based on ferrous iron 0.003 gd.w./gFe). Values calculated from the model agreed well with the experimental ones regardless of the bioreactor type and pH conditions.

Predicting molecular composition of primary product derived from fast pyrolysis of lignin with semi-detailed kinetic model

Fuel ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Furutani ◽  
Shinji Kudo ◽  
Jun-ichiro Hayashi ◽  
Koyo Norinaga
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Molecular Composition ◽  
Detailed Kinetic Model

Reaction Kinetics of Poly-Si Etching in TMAH Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Taegun Park ◽  
Sangwoo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Etching Rate ◽  
Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Dissolved Gas ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Detailed Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Tmah Solution

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is a metal-free strong alkaline solution which can etch poly-Si. The concentration of dissolved gas as well as the concentration of TMAH affects etching rate of poly-Si. The detailed kinetics of poly-Si etching in TMAH solution is investigated in this study. The effect of water and TMAH concentration on the etching kinetics of poly-Si was investigated by using various concentrations of TMAH solution. It is found that H2O in TMAH solution plays an important role in etching poly-Si. Presence of dissolved CO2 and O2 in TMAH solution tends to inhibit etching of poly-Si. The concentration of dissolved CO2 and O2 in TMAH were reduced by Ar bubbling, thereby the poly-Si etching rate increased.

Fast Pyrolysis and Kinetics of Sugarcane Bagasse in Energy Recovery

2013 ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahir Said ◽  
Geoffrey John ◽  
Cuthbert Mhilu ◽  
Samwel Manyele
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Kinetics Of
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