scholarly journals Catalytic pyrolysis of plastic waste for the production of liquid fuels for engines

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 5844-5857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supattra Budsaereechai ◽  
Andrew J. Hunt ◽  
Yuvarat Ngernyen
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Binder Free ◽  
Pyrolysis Oils

Catalytic pyrolysis of waste plastics using low cost binder-free pelletized bentonite clay has been investigated to yield pyrolysis oils as drop-in replacements for commercial liquid fuels such as diesel and gasohol 91.

scholarly journals Catalytic Pyrolysis of a Residual Plastic Waste Using Zeolites Produced by Coal Fly Ash

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Marco Cocchi ◽  
Doina De Angelis ◽  
Leone Mazzeo ◽  
Piergianni Nardozi ◽  
Vincenzo Piemonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Oils

The plastic film residue (PFR) of a plastic waste recycling process was selected as pyrolysis feed. Both thermal and catalytic pyrolysis experiments were performed and coal fly ash (CFA) and X zeolites synthesized from CFA (X/CFA) were used as pyrolysis catalysts. The main goal is to study the effect of low-cost catalysts on yields and quality of pyrolysis oils. NaX/CFA, obtained using the fusion/hydrothermal method, underwent ion exchange followed by calcination in order to produce HX/CFA. Firstly, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG and DSC, respectively) analyses evaluated the effect of catalysts on the PFR degradation temperature and the process energy demand. Subsequently, pyrolysis was carried out in a bench scale reactor adopting the liquid-phase contact mode. HX/CFA and NaX/CFA reduced the degradation temperature of PFR from 753 to 680 and 744 K, respectively, while the degradation energy from 2.27 to 1.47 and 2.07 MJkg−1, respectively. Pyrolysis runs showed that the highest oil yield (44 wt %) was obtained by HX/CFA, while the main products obtained by thermal pyrolysis were wax and tar. Furthermore, up to 70% of HX/CFA oil was composed by gasoline range hydrocarbons. Finally, the produced gases showed a combustion energy up to 8 times higher than the pyrolysis energy needs.

scholarly journals Production And Characterization of Transportation Fuels From Domestic Plastic Wastes And Mixed Virgin Plastics By Low- Cost Catalytic Pyrolysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Ghodke ◽  
Krishna Moorthy ◽  
Amit Kumar Sharma ◽  
Wei-Hsin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuels ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Plastic Wastes

Abstract With increasing population, modernization, and industrialization, plastics usage is growing daily and results in vast plastic waste. Recycling these plastic wastes to hydrocarbon fuels is challenging due to their different chemical structures, long-chain polymeric compositions, and decomposition/thermal behavior. In the present manuscript, the pyrolysis of domestic plastic waste was carried out at 473 - 973 K in a fixed bed tubular reactor and compared with individual virgin plastics, i.e. HDPE (High-density polyethylene), LDPE (Low-density polyethylene), PP (Polypropylene), and their mixture of (virgin mixed plastic). The experiments were also performed using a low-cost catalyst (mineral clay) to maximize hydrocarbon fuels. At identified optimum operating conditions, the domestic plastic waste and mixed virgin plastics yielded 73.1 wt% and 81.6 wt% liquid hydrocarbons along with 16.9 wt% and 25.5 wt.% pyrolysis gas, respectively. The composition of liquid fuels was analyzed using FTIR and GC-MS in detail, revealing a wide variety of hydrocarbons disbursement in the range of C8–C20. In addition, fuel properties of liquid fuels such as viscosity, density, fire and flash point, pour point, and calorific value was analyzed according to ASTM methods and found to be satisfactory. Based on chemical composition and fuel properties, liquid fuels derived from domestic plastic wastes showed 78.05%, and 61.86 % similarity with diesel, and jet fuels respectively. Non-condensable gases, which mainly consist of ethane and propene with minor amounts of hydrogen and methane, have been identified to be ideal for spark-ignition engine (SI) engines. This study offers a unique technique for converting waste plastics into transportation jet fuel using an affordable catalyst.

scholarly journals Thermal analysis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes material obtained by catalytic pyrolysis of polyethylene

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Buzarovska ◽  
Viktor Stefov ◽  
Metodija Najdoski ◽  
Gordana Bogoeva-Gaceva
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Curve Fitting Method

<h2>Abstract</h2><p>Chemical recycling of nonbiodegradable postconsumer polymers represents a promising route for conversion of waste plastics into feedstock for fuel, chemicals and materials production. Recently, waste plastics have been used as low cost feedstock for carbon nanotubes growth. In this work thermal behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotubes material (MWCNTs), obtained by catalytic pyrolysis of waste low-density polyethylene, has been analyzed. Following the improved protocol, developed few years ago for thermal analysis of CNTs, thermogravimetric analysis of the MWCNTs material has been performed using heating rates of 2-20 <sup>o</sup>C<sup>.</sup>min<sup>-1</sup> and curve fitting method in an attempt to quantify the complex oxidation behavior of the material. It has been shown that competitive oxidation/combustion processes greatly influence the DTG curves and the number of fitted peaks.</p>

scholarly journals The production of valuable products and fuel from plastic waste in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Opoku Amankwa ◽  
E. Kweinor Tetteh ◽  
G. Thabang Mohale ◽  
G. Dagba ◽  
P. Opoku
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Us ◽  
Shipping Containers

AbstractGlobal plastic waste generation is about 300 million metric tons annually and poses crucial health and environmental problems. Africa is the second most polluted continent in the world, with over 500 shipping containers of waste being imported every month. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report suggests that about 75% of this plastic waste ends up in landfills. However, landfills management is associated with high environmental costs and loss of energy. In addition, landfill leachates end up in water bodies, are very detrimental to human health, and poison marine ecosystems. Therefore, it is imperative to explore eco-friendly techniques to transform plastic waste into valuable products in a sustainable environment. The trade-offs of using plastic waste for road construction and as a component in cementitious composites are discussed. The challenges and benefits of producing liquid fuels from plastic waste are also addressed. The recycling of plastic waste to liquid end-products was found to be a sustainable way of helping the environment with beneficial economic impact.

Characterization of Gasoline-like Transportation Fuels Obtained by Distillation of Pyrolysis Oils from Plastic Waste Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 2347-2356
Author(s):  
Zsolt Dobó ◽  
Gergő Kecsmár ◽  
Gábor Nagy ◽  
Tamás Koós ◽  
Gábor Muránszky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Pyrolysis Oils

scholarly journals Flexible Batteries: Flexible Na/K‐Ion Full Batteries from the Renewable Cotton Cloth–Derived Stable, Low‐Cost, and Binder‐Free Anode and Cathode (Adv. Energy Mater. 38/2019)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (38) ◽  
pp. 1970149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin‐Zhi Guo ◽  
Zhen‐Yi Gu ◽  
Xin‐Xin Zhao ◽  
Mei‐Yi Wang ◽  
Xu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Binder Free ◽  
Energy Mater
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