scholarly journals Patterning order and disorder with an angle: modeling single-layer dual-phase nematic elastomer ribbons

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 8994-9000
Author(s):  
Vianney Gimenez-Pinto ◽  
Fangfu Ye
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Order And Disorder ◽  
Nematic Elastomer ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Design Factors

We study the rich actuation variety displayed by elastomers that combine well-defined isotropic regions and liquid crystalline regions. Design factors for actuation include orientation of director and pattern, domain-size and sample-size.

Single-layer dual-phase nematic elastomer films with bending, accordion-folding, curling and buckling motions

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1844-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Bin Geng ◽  
Sayed Mir Sayed ◽  
Bao-Ping Lin ◽  
Patrick Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Nematic Elastomer ◽  
Phase Liquid

Here we describe a two-stage temperature-varied photopatterning protocol to synthesize a series of single-layer dual-phase liquid crystalline elastomer films.

scholarly journals Confirming known planetary trends using a photometrically selected Kepler sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonah T Hansen ◽  
Luca Casagrande ◽  
Michael J Ireland ◽  
Jane Lin
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Robust Statistics ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Fitting Algorithm ◽  
Statistical Studies ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Host Stars ◽  
High Metallicity

Abstract Statistical studies of exoplanets and the properties of their host stars have been critical to informing models of planet formation. Numerous trends have arisen in particular from the rich Kepler dataset, including that exoplanets are more likely to be found around stars with a high metallicity and the presence of a “gap” in the distribution of planetary radii at 1.9 R⊕. Here we present a new analysis on the Kepler field, using the APOGEE spectroscopic survey to build a metallicity calibration based on Gaia, 2MASS and Strömgren photometry. This calibration, along with masses and radii derived from a Bayesian isochrone fitting algorithm, is used to test a number of these trends with unbiased, photometrically derived parameters, albeit with a smaller sample size in comparison to recent studies. We recover that planets are more frequently found around higher metallicity stars; over the entire sample, planetary frequencies are 0.88 ± 0.12 percent for [Fe/H] < 0 and 1.37 ± 0.16 percent for [Fe/H] ≥ 0 but at two sigma we find that the size of exoplanets influences the strength of this trend. We also recover the planet radius gap, along with a slight positive correlation with stellar mass. We conclude that this method shows promise to derive robust statistics of exoplanets. We also remark that spectrophotometry from Gaia DR3 will have an effective resolution similar to narrow band filters and allow to overcome the small sample size inherent in this study.

Custom and Coups: a Juridical Interpretation of Civil Order and Disorder in Ghana

1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Owusu
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Order And Disorder ◽  
Popular Movements ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Civil Order ◽  
Coups D'etat

The rich empirical and historical evidence available on the various popular movements that arose in the Gold Coast, especially since the turn of the nineteenth century, mainly in order to demand political and economic reforms,1 as well as the implications of the post-colonial cycle of military coups d'état and counter-coups in Africa, is critically re-analysed and reinterpreted to advance the following related theses:

scholarly journals Isotropic, nematic, and lamellar phases in colloidal suspensions of nanosheets

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (26) ◽  
pp. 6662-6667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Davidson ◽  
Christophe Penisson ◽  
Doru Constantin ◽  
Jean-Christophe P. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Colloidal Suspensions ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Lamellar Phase ◽  
Local Order ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Lamellar Phases ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Phases ◽  
Electrically Charged

The phase diagram of colloidal suspensions of electrically charged nanosheets, such as clays, despite their many industrial uses, is not yet understood either experimentally or theoretically. When the nanosheet diameter is very large (∼100 nm to 1 µm), it is quite challenging to distinguish the lamellar liquid-crystalline phase from a nematic phase with strong stacking local order, often called “columnar” nematic. We show here that newly upgraded small-angle X-ray scattering beamlines at synchrotron radiation facilities provide high-resolution measurements which allow us to identify both phases unambiguously, provided that single domains can be obtained. We investigated dilute aqueous suspensions of synthetic Sb3P2O143−nanosheets that self-organize into two distinct liquid-crystalline phases, sometimes coexisting in the same sample. Close examination of their X-ray reflection profiles in the directions perpendicular to the director demonstrates that these two mesophases are a columnar nematic and a lamellar phase. In the latter, the domain size reaches up to ∼20 µm, which means that each layer is made of >600 nanosheets. Because the lamellar phase was only rarely predicted in suspensions of charged disks, our results show that these systems should be revisited by theory or simulations. The unexpected stability of the lamellar phase also suggests that the rims and faces of Sb3P2O143−nanosheets may have different properties, giving them a patchy particle character.

Complex Systems as Multilayer Networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginestra Bianconi
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Information Gain ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Multilayer Networks ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
New Development ◽  
The Rich ◽  
And Function

Chapter 1 constitutes Part I of the book: ‘Single and Multilayer Networks’. This chapter introduces multilayer networks as an important new development of Network Science that allows a more comprehensive understanding of Complex Systems. It identifies the main motivations driving the research activity in this field of multilayer networks and emphasizes the benefits of taking a multilayer network perpective to characterize network data. The main advantages of a multilayer network approach with respect to the more traditional single layer characterization of complex networks are broadly discussed, focusing on the information gain resulting from the analysis of multilayer networks, the non-reducibility of a multilayer network to a large single network and the rich interplay between structure and function in multilayer networks.

scholarly journals Measuring and decomposing the effort regarding the equity of inpatient benefits based on the adjustment of the new cooperative medical scheme in western rural China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-353
Author(s):  
Yongxin Xie ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
Hui Qiao ◽  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Ya’nan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Oaxaca Decomposition ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Health Demands

Abstract Background The ultimate objective of rural health reform and development is to establish a mature healthcare service system that adapts to the socialist market economy and the developmental level of the Chinese economy and meets the health demands of the people. Reform of the payment system is one of the key elements. This article explores the effect of the system and the causes of benefit inequity, provides an objective evaluation of policy implementation and offers data support for policy adjustment. Methods A two-stage stratified random sampling data collection method comprising a survey in 2009 (the sample size was 3832 families) and a follow-up survey in 2015 (the sample size was 3992 families) was used. Qualitative data are presented as rates or ratios and the χ2 test was used for descriptive statistics. Quantitative data were analysed using a t test. A generalized linear model (GLM) with gamma distribution of the log connection function was adopted to analyse the factors of the compensation benefit inequity. The degree of the compensation benefit inequity contribution was analysed using the concentration index (CI) decomposition method and the Oaxaca decomposition method. Results Reimbursement refers to the reimbursement expense received by inpatients from the New Cooperative Medical System (NCMS). In the GLM, there were some positive factors for reimbursement in the NCMS, including economic level, level of health facility and deductibles. The CI decomposition analysis results show that the main factors that increased the compensation benefit inequity were economic levels and deductibles over the past 2 y. However, inpatient days (2009) and the actual reimbursement ratio (2015) decreased the inequity. The Oaxaca decomposition analysis results suggest that changes in compensation benefit inequity between 2009 and 2015 were more attributable to changes in economic status and variables related to policy compensation than to demographic variables. Conclusions: This study showed that inequity decreased from 2009 to 2015, which could be the result of adjustment of the compensation policy. However, we should remain vigilant lest the gap between the rich and the poor leads to an increase in inequity.

scholarly journals Should Governments Tax the Rich and Subsidize the Poor? A Comparative Study of Muslim and Christian Respondents

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Robert McGee ◽  
Serkan Benk ◽  
Bahadır Yüzbaşı
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich

This study used the most recent World Values Survey (WVS) dataset to determine whether Christian and Muslim views on the acceptability of taxing the rich and subsidizing the poor was an essential feature of democracy. The sample size included more than 23,000 individuals from more than 50 countries. More than a dozen socioeconomic and attitudinal variables were also examined to determine whether significant differences existed. The study found that differences in viewpoint were often significant.

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