LncRNA MALAT1 aggravates MPP-induced neuronal injury by regulating miR-212 in SH-SY5Y cells

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and older adults. Abnormal proteins such as α-synuclein are essential factors in PD’s pathogenesis. Autophagy is the main participant in the clearance of abnormal proteins. The overactive or low function of autophagy leads to autophagy stress. Not only is it difficult to clear abnormal proteins but also it can cause damage to neurons. In this article, the effects of natural products ingredients, such as salidroside, paeoniflorin, curcumin, resveratrol, corynoxine, and baicalein, on regulating autophagy and protecting neurons were discussed in detail to provide a reference for the research and development of drugs for the treatment of PD.

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The neural chaperone proSAAS blocks α-synuclein fibrillation and neurotoxicity

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1601091113 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 113 (32) ◽

pp. E4708-E4715 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Timothy S. Jarvela ◽

Hoa A. Lam ◽

Michael Helwig ◽

Nikolai Lorenzen ◽

Daniel E. Otzen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Neurodegenerative Disease ◽

Primary Cultures ◽

Lewy Bodies ◽

Vitro Assay ◽

Amino Terminal ◽

Neuroprotective Function ◽

Fluid Biomarker

Emerging evidence strongly suggests that chaperone proteins are cytoprotective in neurodegenerative proteinopathies involving protein aggregation; for example, in the accumulation of aggregated α-synuclein into the Lewy bodies present in Parkinson’s disease. Of the various chaperones known to be associated with neurodegenerative disease, the small secretory chaperone known as proSAAS (named after four residues in the amino terminal region) has many attractive properties. We show here that proSAAS, widely expressed in neurons throughout the brain, is associated with aggregated synuclein deposits in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Recombinant proSAAS potently inhibits the fibrillation of α-synuclein in an in vitro assay; residues 158–180, containing a largely conserved element, are critical to this bioactivity. ProSAAS also exhibits a neuroprotective function; proSAAS-encoding lentivirus blocks α-synuclein-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultures of nigral dopaminergic neurons, and recombinant proSAAS blocks α-synuclein–induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Four independent proteomics studies have previously identified proSAAS as a potential cerebrospinal fluid biomarker in various neurodegenerative diseases. Coupled with prior work showing that proSAAS blocks β-amyloid aggregation into fibrils, this study supports the idea that neuronal proSAAS plays an important role in proteostatic processes. ProSAAS thus represents a possible therapeutic target in neurodegenerative disease.

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Parkinson’s Disease: Available Clinical and Promising Omics Tests for Diagnostics, Disease Risk Assessment, and Pharmacotherapy Personalization

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10050339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 339 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Oxana P. Trifonova ◽

Dmitri L. Maslov ◽

Elena E. Balashova ◽

Guzel R. Urazgildeeva ◽

Denis A. Abaimov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Neurodegenerative Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Economic Problem ◽

Prodromal Stage ◽

Effective System ◽

Diagnostics And Therapy

Parkinson’s disease is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease, representing a significant medical and socio-economic problem. Modern medicine still has no answer to the question of why Parkinson’s disease develops and whether it is possible to develop an effective system of prevention. Therefore, active work is currently underway to find ways to assess the risks of the disease, as well as a means to extend the life of patients and improve its quality. Modern studies aim to create a method of assessing the risk of occurrence of Parkinson’s disease (PD), to search for the specific ways of correction of biochemical disorders occurring in the prodromal stage of Parkinson’s disease, and to personalize approaches to antiparkinsonian pharmacotherapy. In this review, we summarized all available clinically approved tests and techniques for PD diagnostics. Then, we reviewed major improvements and recent advancements in genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics studies and application of metabolomics in PD research, and discussed the major metabolomics findings for diagnostics and therapy of the disease.

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Psychiatric commentary addressing the article titled “Guidance for switching from off-label antipsychotics to pimavanserin for Parkinson’s disease psychosis: an expert consensus”

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852918001141 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 355-357

Author(s):

Leslie Citrome

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Neurodegenerative Disease ◽

Expert Consensus ◽

Off Label

Pimavanserin is not curative, but can improve the quality of life remaining for the person with Parkinson’s disease who typically has been suffering from this relentless neurodegenerative disease for years. Using pimavanserin effectively requires knowledge not only about the product itself, but also about the treatments pimavanserin is replacing.

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Therapeutic Potential of Repeated Intravenous Transplantation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Subchronic MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Mouse Model

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21218129 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (21) ◽

pp. 8129

Author(s):

Hyunjun Park ◽

Keun-A Chang

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Neurodegenerative Disease ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Dopaminergic Neurons ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽

Nigrostriatal Pathway

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, which is clinically and pathologically characterized by motor dysfunction and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, respectively. PD treatment with stem cells has long been studied by researchers; however, no adequate treatment strategy has been established. The results of studies so far have suggested that stem cell transplantation can be an effective treatment for PD. However, PD is a progressively deteriorating neurodegenerative disease that requires long-term treatment, and this has been insufficiently studied. Thus, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) for repeated vein transplantation over long-term in an animal model of PD. In 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD model mice, hASCs were administered on the tail vein six times at two-week intervals. After the last injection of hASCs, motor function significantly improved. The number of dopaminergic neurons present in the nigrostriatal pathway was recovered using hASC transplantation. Moreover, the administration of hASC restored altered dopamine transporter expression and increased neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), in the striatum. Overall, this study suggests that repeated intravenous transplantation of hASC may exert therapeutic effects on PD by restoring BDNF and GDNF expressions, protecting dopaminergic neurons, and maintaining the nigrostriatal pathway.

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Influence of Consanguinity and Medication on the Development of Parkinson’s Disease

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000509586 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Muhammad Tufail ◽

Ishtiaq Hassan

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Neurodegenerative Disease ◽

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Familial Cases ◽

Control Subjects ◽

First Degree Relatives ◽

Consanguineous Marriages

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The disease is more prevalent in aged individuals compared to young ones. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the factors associated with PD in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Methods: In this study, the questionnaire was filled from 600 PD patients, which include 54 familial cases, and 1,200 control subjects. To study the risk of PD in familial cases, questionnaires were also filled from the cases and controls. Results: This study revealed that depression symptomology is common in PD patients. Moreover, the risk of PD was higher in patients with consanguineous marriages compare to controls (OR = 3.96, 95% Cl = 1.98–7.89). The first-degree relatives (59.3%) of PD patients are more likely to develop PD compared to a second- (29.5%) or third-degree (11.1%) relatives. Furthermore, the risk of PD is higher in individuals whose parents get married to first-cousin (OR: 4.76, 95% Cl: 1.81–12.5) than second- (OR: 1.34, 95% Cl: 0.54–3.32) or third-cousin marriages (OR = 0.18, 95% Cl: 0.06–0.49). Moreover, the use of paracetamol (OR: 0.39; 95% Cl: 0.25–0.59) and ibuprofen (OR: 0.35; 95% Cl: 0.17–0.70) were higher in control subjects. Conclusion: This study concludes that consanguineous marriages and first-degree relation with PD patients increase the risk of PD, while the use of certain medications may decrease the risk of PD. Further study is warranted in a population of Pakistan.

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