scholarly journals A Col I and BCP ceramic bi-layer scaffold implant promotes regeneration in osteochondral defects

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 3740-3748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanxu Cai ◽  
Ya Yao ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Wen Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Osteochondral Defect ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Bone Layer

A new bi-layer scaffold composed of Col I and BCP ceramic was prepared to regenerate osteochondral defect. The result demonstrated the bi-layer scaffold could effectively promote the regeneration of both the cartilage and the subchondral bone layer.

Poly-N-Acetyl Glucosamine-SO4 for Repairing Osteochondral Defect in Rabbits

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian K. Kang ◽  
Christopher M. Hill ◽  
Marina V. Demcheva ◽  
John Vournakis ◽  
Yuehuei H. An
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Osteochondral Defect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Femoral Trochlea ◽  
Good Healing

Repair of osteochondral defects created in rabbit femoral trochlea were studied using a water-soluble sulfated p-GlcNAc formulation, (Marine Polymer Technologies, Danvers, MA, USA). After 12 weeks of healing empty defects were compared to defects filled with sulfated p-GlcNAc sponge alone and sulfated p-GlcNAc sponge seeded with autologous chondrocytes. The chondrocyte seeded sponge provided the best healing of both cartilage and subchondral bone. The sulfated p-GlcNAc sponge alone did not provide as good healing as the chondrocyte seeded sponge, but healing was still superior to that of the empty defect. This study supports the use of p-GlcNAc sponge to augment healing of osteochondral defects in animal models.

scholarly journals The Morphological, Clinical and Radiological Outputs of the Preclinical Study After Treatment of the Osteochondral Lesions in the Porcine Knee Model Using Implantation of Scaffold Based on the of Calcium Phosphate Biocement

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Vdoviaková ◽  
Ján Danko ◽  
Lenka Krešáková ◽  
Veronika Šimaiová ◽  
Eva Petrovová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Osteochondral Defect ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Native Cartilage ◽  
Stifle Joint

The symptomatic full-thickness cartilage lesions or cartilage degeneration leads to the destruction of the normal chondral architecture and bone structure in affected area, causes the osteoarthritis, and general damage to the health. Knee joints are most frequently affected by this condition. The permanent damage of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone has motivated many scientists and clinicians to explore new methods of regeneration of osteochondral defects, such as novel materials. We studied the potential of the biocement based on calcium phosphate consisting of a mixture of four amino acids (glycine, proline, hydroxyproline and lysine) in the regenerating process of the artificially created osteochondral defect on the porcine medial femoral condyle in the stifle joint. The mass ratio of the amino acids in biocement CAL was 4:2:2:1. The Ca/P ratio in cement was 1.67 which correspond with ratio in hydroxyapatite. We compared the results with spontaneous healing of an artificially created cyst with that of the healthy tissue. The animal group treated with biocement paste CAL presented completely filled osteochondral defects. The results were confirmed by histological and radiological assessments, which have shown regenerated chondral and bone tissue in the examined knee joints. Macroscopic evaluation showed that neocartilage was well integrated with the adjacent native cartilage in animal group with biocement CAL, compared with healing of the artificial cyst, where treated cartilage surfaces were visibly lower than the surrounding native cartilage surface and a border between native and restored tissue was apparent. The qualitative assessment of the implant histology specimens showed full regeneration of the hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone in animals with biocement CAL. The artificial cyst group showed remarkable fibrillation. The detailed MRI analysis of cross-section of osteochondral defect confirmed the complete cartilage and subchondral bone healing where the thickness of the regenerated cartilage was 1.5 mm. The MRI imaging of defects in the artificial cyst group showed incomplete healing, neo cartilage tissue reduced up to 50%.

Evaluation of osteochondral-like tissues using human freeze-dried cancellous bone and chondrocyte sheets to treat osteochondral defects in rabbits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sopita Wongin ◽  
Chalika Wangdee ◽  
Sirirat Nantavisai ◽  
Wijit Banlunara ◽  
Rapeepat Nakbunnum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Human Chondrocyte ◽  
Cartilage Layer ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Bone Layer

Human freeze-dried cancellous bone combined with human chondrocyte sheets have recently been used to construct an osteochondral-like tissue, which resembled a cartilage layer on a subchondral bone layer.

scholarly journals Micro-Computed Tomography Analysis of Subchondral Bone Regeneration Using Osteochondral Scaffolds in an Ovine Condyle Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Taylor Flaherty ◽  
Maryam Tamaddon ◽  
Chaozong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Osteochondral Scaffold

Osteochondral scaffold technology has emerged as a promising therapy for repairing osteochondral defects. Recent research suggests that seeding osteochondral scaffolds with bone marrow concentrate (BMC) may enhance tissue regeneration. To examine this hypothesis, this study examined subchondral bone regeneration in scaffolds with and without BMC. Ovine stifle condyle models were used for the in vivo study. Two scaffold systems (8 mm diameter and 10 mm thick) with and without BMC were implanted into the femoral condyle, and the tissues were retrieved after six months. The retrieved femoral condyles (with scaffold in) were examined using micro-computed tomography scans (micro-CT), and the micro-CT data were further analysed by ImageJ with respect to trabecular thickness, bone volume to total volume ratio (BV/TV) ratio, and degree of anisotropy of bone. Statistical analysis compared bone regeneration between scaffold groups and sub-set regions. These results were mostly insignificant (p < 0.05), with the exception of bone volume to total volume ratio when comparing scaffold composition and sub-set region. Additional trends in the data were observed. These results suggest that the scaffold composition and addition of BMC did not significantly affect bone regeneration in osteochondral defects after six months. However, this research provides data which may guide the development of future treatments.

Ultrapurified Alginate Gel Containing Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Enhances Cartilage and Bone Regeneration on Osteochondral Defects in a Rabbit Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110141
Author(s):  
Liang Xu ◽  
Atsushi Urita ◽  
Tomohiro Onodera ◽  
Ryosuke Hishimura ◽  
Takayuki Nonoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Defect Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Osteochondral Defects

Background: Ultrapurified alginate (UPAL) gel implantation has been demonstrated as effective in cartilage repair for osteochondral defects; however, cell transplantation within UPAL gels would be required to treat larger defects. Hypothesis: The combination of UPAL gel and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) would enhance cartilage repair and subchondral bone repair for large osteochondral defects. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 104 osteochondral defects (1 defect per knee) of 52 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups (26 defects per group): defects without any treatment (Defect group), defects treated using UPAL gel alone (UPAL group), defects treated using UPAL gel containing allogenic bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (UPAL-MSC group), and defects treated using UPAL gel containing BMAC (UPAL-BMAC group). At 4 and 16 weeks postoperatively, macroscopic and histologic evaluations and measurements of repaired subchondral bone volumes of reparative tissues were performed. Collagen orientation and mechanical properties of the reparative tissue were assessed at 16 weeks. Results: The defects in the UPAL-BMAC group were repaired with hyaline-like cartilage with well-organized collagen structures. The histologic scores at 4 weeks were significantly higher in the UPAL-BMAC group (16.9 ± 2.0) than in the Defect group (4.7 ± 1.9; P < .05), the UPAL group (10.0 ± 3.3; P < .05), and the UPAL-MSC group (12.2 ± 2.9; P < .05). At 16 weeks, the score in the UPAL-BMAC group (24.4 ± 1.7) was significantly higher than those in the Defect group (9.0 ± 3.7; P < .05), the UPAL group (14.2 ± 3.9; P < .05), and the UPAL-MSC group (16.3 ± 3.6; P < .05). At 4 and 16 weeks, the macroscopic evaluations were significantly superior in the UPAL-BMAC group compared with the other groups, and the values of repaired subchondral bone volumes in the UPAL-BMAC group were significantly higher than those in the Defect and UPAL groups. The mechanical properties of the reparative tissues were significantly better in the UPAL-BMAC group than in the other groups. Conclusion: The implantation of UPAL gel containing BMAC-enhanced hyaline-like cartilage repair and subchondral bone repair of osteochondral defects in a rabbit knee model. Clinical Relevance: These data support the potential clinical application of 1-step treatment for large osteochondral defects using biomaterial implantation with cell transplantation.

scholarly journals Peri-implant cartilage and bone histological changes following treatment of focal osteochondral defects in the femoral head with polyether ether ketone implants versus cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy implants: assessment in a goat model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Yuan ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiangchao Meng ◽  
Jue Zhang ◽  
Teng TengLong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Osteochondral Defect ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Cocrmo Alloy ◽  
Polyether Ether Ketone ◽  
Histological Score ◽  
Ether Ketone ◽  
Cobalt Chromium Molybdenum

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to quantitatively investigate the peri-implant histology of applying defect-size polyether ether ketone (PEEK) implant for the treatment of localized osteochondral defects in the femoral head and compared it with cobalt chromium molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy implant.Methods: A femoral head osteochondral defect model was created in the left hips of goats (n=12). Defects were randomly treated by immediate placement of a PEEK (n=6) or CoCrMo implant (n=6). The un-operated right hip joints served as a control. Goats were sacrificed at 12 weeks. Periprosthetic cartilage quality was semi-quantitatively analyzed macroscopically and microscopically. Implant osseointegration was measured by micro-CT and histomorphometry.Results: The modified macroscopic articular evaluation score in the PEEK group was lower than that in the CoCrMo group (p<0.05), and the histological score of the periprosthetic and acetabular cartilage in the PEEK group was lower than that in the CoCrMo group (P<0.05). The mean bone-implant contact for PEEK implants was comparable with that for CoCrMo alloy implants at 12 weeks.Conclusions: A PEEK implant for the treatment of local osteochondral defect in the femoral head demonstrated effective fixation and superior in vivo cartilage protection compared with an identical CoCrMo alloy implant.

scholarly journals Effect of BMP-2 with Microfracture on Osteochondral Defect in a Rabbits Talus

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011419S0015
Author(s):  
Le Hoang Nam Dang ◽  
Kwang-Bok Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Osteochondral Defect ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Group I ◽  
Defect Repair

Category: Ankle, Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: Microfracture is a technically safe, simple and cost-effective treatment option for osteochondral defect of the talus. However, fibrous tissue and fibrocartilage represent the predominant repairing tissues derived from these procedures and these tissues types do not exhibit the mechanical properties of native hyaline cartilage, long time for cartilage reconstruction and long-term failure results. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been shown to stimulate matrix synthesis and increase in synthesis of cartilage-specific collagen type IIB thereby enhance regeneration of articular cartilage in vitro. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the treatment ability of combining BMP-2 with microfracture on osteochondral defect in rabbit talus. Methods: Full-thickness chondral defects (3 x 3 x 2 mm) was created in the center talus dome. Twenty four male white New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups of 6 animals into each group dependent on treatment method; Group I (control, no treatment), II (microfracture only), III (10 µL rhBMP-2 treatment), IV (microfracture combine with 10 µL rhBMP-2 treatment). The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6 weeks post operatively. The macroscopic assessment of the repaired tissue was evaluated using the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Macroscopic Score, which considers the degree of defect repair, the integration to the border zone, and the macroscopic appearance. Subchondral bone regeneration on defect was evaluated by micro-CT scan and the histological findings were scored by using a modified version of the established scoring system for osteochondral repair described by Wakitani, immunohistochemical staining was used for analysis of collagen type I and II. Results: : Excessive bone formation that originated from the subchondral bone region was not observed in any sample. Micro-CT shows higher subchondral bone regeneration on defect in group III, IV than group I, II at 4 and 6 weeks, respectively. According to macroscopic and histological results, group V shows higher quality of cartilage and faster cartilage regeneration compare with another group. In immunohistochemical analysis, group IV shows stronger positive staining for collagen type II in the area of the defect. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the combination BMP-2 with microfracture is effective at accelerating and improving quality of full-thickness cartilage defect repair in a rabbit talus model.

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