scholarly journals Adsorption-assisted decontamination of Hg(ii) from aqueous solution by multi-functionalized corncob-derived biochar

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (67) ◽  
pp. 38425-38435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faheem Faheem ◽  
Jianguo Bao ◽  
Han Zheng ◽  
Haseeb Tufail ◽  
Sana Irshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Living Organisms

Mercury (Hg) contamination of wastewater streams as a result of anthropogenic activities is a great threat to living organisms due to its acute toxicity.

scholarly journals Influence of Metal-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strain K1 on the Alleviation of Chromium Stress in Wheat

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanrong Zeng ◽  
Munazza Zahoor ◽  
Muhammad Waseem ◽  
Alia Anayat ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Cr Toxicity ◽  
Living Organisms

Chromium (Cr) is recognized as a toxic metal that has detrimental effects on living organisms; notably, it is discharged into soil by various industries as a result of anthropogenic activities. Microbe-assisted phytoremediation is one of the most emergent and environmentally friendly methods used for the detoxification of pollutants. In this study, the alleviative role of Staphylococcus aureus strain K1 was evaluated in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Cr stress. For this, various Cr concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg·kg−1) with and without peat-moss-based bacterial inoculum were applied in the soil. Results depicted that Cr stress reduced the plants’ growth by causing oxidative stress in the absence of S. aureus K1 inoculation. However, the application of S. aureus K1 regulated the plants’ growth and antioxidant enzymatic activities by reducing oxidative stress and Cr toxicity through conversion of Cr6+ to Cr3+. The Cr6+ uptake by wheat was significantly reduced in the S. aureus K1 inoculated plants. It can be concluded that the application of S. aureus K1 could be an effective approach to alleviate the Cr toxicity in wheat and probably in other cereals grown under Cr stress.

scholarly journals Glycine Betaine Accumulation, Significance and Interests for Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Zohaib Abbas ◽  
Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
İlkay YAVAŞ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Practices

Unexpected biomagnifications and bioaccumulation of heavy metals (HMs) in the surrounding environment has become a predicament for all living organisms together with plants. Excessive release of HMs from industrial discharge and other anthropogenic activities has threatened sustainable agricultural practices and limited the overall profitable yield of different plants species. Heavy metals at toxic levels interact with cellular molecules, leading towards the unnecessary generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), restricting productivity and growth of the plants. The application of various osmoprotectants is a renowned approach to mitigate the harmful effects of HMs on plants. In this review, the effective role of glycine betaine (GB) in alleviation of HM stress is summarized. Glycine betaine is very important osmoregulator, and its level varies considerably among different plants. Application of GB on plants under HMs stress successfully improves growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes activities, nutrients uptake, and minimizes excessive heavy metal uptake and oxidative stress. Moreover, GB activates the adjustment of glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents in plants under HM stress. Excessive accumulation of GB through the utilization of a genetic engineering approach can successfully enhance tolerance against stress, which is considered an important feature that needs to be investigated in depth.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Level and Mechanisms of Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes, Carbon Nanofibers, and Silicon Nanotubes in Bioassay with Four Marine Microalgae

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Pikula ◽  
Vladimir Chaika ◽  
Alexander Zakharenko ◽  
Zhanna Markina ◽  
Aleksey Vedyagin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Marine Microalgae ◽  
Mechanisms Of Toxicity ◽  
Living Organisms

Nanoparticles (NPs) have various applications in medicine, cosmetics, optics, catalysis, environmental purification, and other areas nowadays. With an increasing annual production of NPs, the risks of their harmful influence to the environment and human health is rising. Currently, our knowledge about the mechanisms of interaction between NPs and living organisms is limited. Additionally, poor understanding of how physical and chemical characteristic and different conditions influence the toxicity of NPs restrict our attempts to develop the standards and regulations which might allow us to maintain safe living conditions. The marine species and their habitat environment are under continuous stress due to anthropogenic activities which result in the appearance of NPs in the aquatic environment. Our study aimed to evaluate and compare biochemical effects caused by the influence of different types of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, and silica nanotubes on four marine microalgae species. We evaluated the changes in growth-rate, esterase activity, membrane polarization, and size changes of microalgae cells using flow cytometry method. Our results demonstrated that toxic effects caused by the carbon nanotubes strongly correlated with the content of heavy metal impurities in the NPs. More hydrophobic carbon NPs with less ordered structure had a higher impact on the red microalgae P. purpureum because of higher adherence between the particles and mucous covering of the algae. Silica NPs caused significant inhibition of microalgae growth-rate predominantly produced by mechanical influence.

scholarly journals The toxicity of lead to the freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus and the water flea Daphnia carinata

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-761
Author(s):  
Dinh Hoang Dang Khoa ◽  
Pham Thi Thu Hang ◽  
Pham Thi Hoanh ◽  
Le Phi Nga
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Freshwater Algae ◽  
Water Flea ◽  
Freshwater Microalgae ◽  
Daphnia Carinata ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Sai Gon river is the important source for water supply in Ho Chi Minh City. However, its water quality is degrading gradually due to rapid population growth, increasing of urbanization and industrialization. The river is continuously loaded with xenobiotics released by anthropogenic activities. Among pollutants, heavy metals are considered as the most toxic elements to aquatic living organisms and human health. The aim of this study is to assess the sensibility of freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus and water flea Daphnia carinata, two fresh water species from Viet Nam to lead (Pb). After physical and chemical characterization, field water samples from the upstream of Sai Gon River was used as dilution water in toxicity tests. With water flea D. carinata, the EC50 value of 48h immobilization experiment was 121.64 µg/L for Pb. Growth inhibition of the algae cells was determined following exposure for 96 h, and EC50 values of Pb was 14,767.9 µg/L. The results showed that Pb was highly toxic to D. carinata, and harmful to freshwater algae Scenedesmus. Based on the observed high sensitivity with Pb, D. carinata is a potential bioindicator for the assessment of Pb pollution in Sai Gon river. While lead-tolerance algae Scenedesmus calls for further investigation on metal uptake capacity and utilization in Pb contaminated water treatment

scholarly journals Mercury pollution of sediments from the river Tisa (Serbia)

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-87
Author(s):  
Snezana Strbac ◽  
Jordana Ninkov ◽  
Petar Raicevic ◽  
Nebojsa Vasic ◽  
Milica Kasanin-Grubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Total Hg ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Lower Stream

Mercury (Hg) has been listed as a global high priority pollutant by many international organizations due to its mobility and persistence in the environments and high toxicity to organisms. This research was conducted with the aims to determine: (i) total Hg content (THg) and its spatial distribution in sediments of river Tisa along the river course, (ii) possible sources of THg and (iii) degree of THg pollution in sediments from the river Tisa through different criteria. Total Hg in the sediments ranged from 0.07 to 0.49 mg kg-1, with mean ? S.D. value of 0.26 ? 0.10 mg kg-1. The highest mean value of THg (0.30 mg kg-1) was found in the lower stream, while the lowest (0.13 mg kg-1) was found in the tributary. According to Principal Component Analyses (PCA) strong positive loading of metals in all parts of the river Tisa is mainly controlled from the same sources. These sources are related to anthropogenic activities based on calculated Enrichment Factor (EF) values. Total Hg are higher than background value. According to the Republic of Serbia official standard, THg values of river Tisa sediments were within the range of maximum permissible values. Compared with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) guideline, 80.49% of sediment samples indicated that THg in the river Tisa sediments represented minimal and possible risk towards the living organisms. Integrating the results of pollution assessment, it could be concluded that THg in river Tisa sediments in Serbia demonstrates considerable contamination according to Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), and Contaminant Factor (CF), and high pollution risk according to Potential Environmental Risk Index (PERI).

scholarly journals Toxicity of Carbon, Silicon, and Metal-Based Nanoparticles to the Hemocytes of Three Marine Bivalves

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Pikula ◽  
Vladimir Chaika ◽  
Alexander Zakharenko ◽  
Anastasia Savelyeva ◽  
Irina Kirsanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Membrane Polarization ◽  
Silicon Nanotubes ◽  
Modiolus Modiolus ◽  
Marine Bivalves ◽  
Mollusc Species ◽  
Living Organisms

Nanoparticles (NPs) have broad applications in medicine, cosmetics, optics, catalysis, environmental purification, and other areas nowadays. With increasing annual production of NPs, the risks of their harmful influence on the environment and human health are also increasing. Currently, our knowledge about the mechanisms of the interaction between NPs and living organisms is limited. The marine species and their habitat environment are under continuous stress owing to the anthropogenic activities, which result in the release of NPs in the aquatic environment. We used a bioassay model with hemocytes of three bivalve mollusc species, namely, Crenomytilus grayanus, Modiolus modiolus, and Arca boucardi, to evaluate the toxicity of 10 different types of NPs. Specifically, we compared the cytotoxic effects and cell-membrane polarization changes in the hemocytes exposed to carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, silicon nanotubes, cadmium and zinc sulfides, Au-NPs, and TiO2 NPs. Viability and the changes in hemocyte membrane polarization were measured by the flow cytometry method. The highest aquatic toxicity was registered for metal-based NPs, which caused cytotoxicity to the hemocytes of all the studied bivalve species. Our results also highlighted different sensitivities of the used tested mollusc species to specific NPs.

scholarly journals Unraveling the Detoxification Mechanism of 2,4-Dichlorophenol by Marine-Derived Mesophotic Symbiotic Fungi Isolated from Marine Invertebrates

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efstratios Nikolaivits ◽  
Andreas Agrafiotis ◽  
Aikaterini Termentzi ◽  
Kyriaki Machera ◽  
Géraldine Le Goff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Detoxification Mechanism ◽  
The Us ◽  
Symbiotic Fungi ◽  
Living Organisms

Chlorophenols (CPs) are environmental pollutants that are produced through various anthropogenic activities and introduced in the environment. Living organisms, including humans, are exposed to these toxic xenobiotics and suffer from adverse health effects. More specifically, 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is released in high amounts in the environment and has been listed as a priority pollutant by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Bioremediation has been proposed as a sustainable alternative to conventional remediation methods for the detoxification of phenolic compounds. In this work, we studied the potential of fungal strains isolated as symbionts of marine invertebrates from the underexplored mesophotic coral ecosystems. Hence, the unspecific metabolic pathways of these fungal strains are being explored in the present study, using the powerful analytical capabilities of a UHPLC-HRMS/MS. The newly identified 2,4-DCP metabolites add significantly to the knowledge of the transformation of such pollutants by fungi, since such reports are scarce.

scholarly journals Acute toxicity of aclarubicin adsorbed on activated carbon in mice compared with aclarubicin aqueous solution.

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Chihiro Yoneyama ◽  
Toshio Takahashi ◽  
Akihiko Iwamoto ◽  
Akeo Hagiware ◽  
Shohji Matumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Acute Toxicity

Applications of green synthesized nanomaterials in water remediation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakshatra Bahadur Singh ◽  
Md. Abu Bin Hasan Susan ◽  
Mridula Guin
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Green Method ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Purification Of Water

: Water is the most important component on the earth for living organisms. With the industrial development, population increase and climate change, water pollution becomes a critical issue around the world. Its contamination with different types of pollutants created naturally or due to anthropogenic activities has become most concerned global environmental issues. These contaminations destroy the quality of water and become harmful to living organisms. Number of physical, chemical and biological techniques has been used for purification of water but they suffer in one or the other respect. Development of nanomaterials and nanotechnology has provided a better path for purification of water. Compared to conventional methods using activated carbon, nanomaterials offer better and economical approach for water remediation. Different type of nanomaterials acting as nanocatalysts, nanosorbents, nanostructured catalytic membranes, bioactive nanoparticles, nanomembranes and nanoparticles provide an alternative and efficient methodology in solving water pollution problems. However, the major issue with nanomaterials synthesized in a conventional way, is their toxicity. In recent days considerable amount of research is being carried out on the synthesis of nanomaterials using green routes. Nanomaterials synthesized by using green method are now being used in different technologies including water remediation. Remediation of water by using nanomaterials synthesized by green method has been reviewed and discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation in Plant Physiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Rana Nassour ◽  
Abdulkarim Ayash
Keyword(s):  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Physiological Reactions ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

Abstract Over the past few decades, anthropogenic activities contributed to the depletion of the ozone layer, which increased the levels of solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation reaching the Earth`s surface. Generally, UV-B is harmful to all living organisms. It damages the cell`s Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), proteins, and lipids, and as a consequence, it affects the bio-membranes negatively. In this review, we summarize the major effects of UV-B in the plant`s main molecules and physiological reactions, in addition to the possible defence mechanisms against UV-B including accumulating UV-B absorbing pigments to alleviate the harmful impact of UV-B.

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