Selected anthraquinones as potential free radical scavengers and P-glycoprotein inhibitors

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1890-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jeremić ◽  
A. Amić ◽  
M. Stanojević-Pirković ◽  
Z. Marković
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
P Glycoprotein ◽  
Glycoprotein Inhibitors

In this article, we estimated the scavenger capacity of six selected anthraquinones toward free radicals and their efficacy as inhibitors of P-glycoproteins.

Discovery of New N-hydrazinecarbothioamide Indazole Hybrids: As Potential Radical (ABTS and DPPH) Scavengers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1177-1185
Author(s):  
Rafaila Rafique ◽  
Arshia ◽  
Kanwal ◽  
Khalid Mohammed Khan ◽  
Sridevi Chigurupati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Free Radical Generation ◽  
Radical Generation

Background: Free radicals are the main cause of numerous diseases. Their overproduction needs to be controlled in order to combat several ailments. The current study deals with the discovery of new free radical scavengers. Methods: Substituted N-hydrazinecarbothioamide indazoles 1-18 were evaluated for DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. Results: All synthetic compounds possess good radical DPPH and ABTS scavenging potential in the ranges of IC50 = 2.11 ± 0.17 - 5.3 ± 0.11 μM and IC50 = 2.31 ± 0.06 - 5.5 ± 0.07 μM, respectively, as compared to standard ascorbic acid having IC50 = 2.02 ± 0.11 μM for DPPH and IC50 = 2.1 ± 0.07 μM for ABTS. Conclusion: These compounds could serve as leads for antioxidant activity that have the ability to control free radical generation and ward off free radical-induced disorders.

scholarly journals Free radical scavengers can modulate the DNA-damaging action of alloxan.

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Blasiak ◽  
Agnieszka Sikora ◽  
Agnieszka Czechowska ◽  
Józef Drzewoski
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Dna Glycosylase ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Radical Scavengers

Alloxan can generate diabetes in experimental animals and its action can be associated with the production of free radicals. It is therefore important to check how different substances often referred to as free radical scavengers may interact with alloxan, especially that some of these substance may show both pro- and antioxidant activities. Using the alkaline comet assay we showed that alloxan at concentrations 0.01-50 microM induced DNA damage in normal human lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Treated cells were able to recover within a 120-min incubation. Vitamins C and E at 10 and 50 microM diminished the extent of DNA damage induced by 50 microM alloxan. Pre-treatment of the lymphocytes with a nitrone spin trap, alpha-(4-pyridil-1-oxide)- N-t-butylnitrone (POBN) or ebselen (2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one), which mimics glutathione peroxides, reduced the alloxan-evoked DNA damage. The cells exposed to alloxan and treated with formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) and 3-methyladenine-DNA glycosylase II (AlkA), enzymes recognizing oxidized and alkylated bases, respectively, displayed greater extent of DNA damage than those not treated with these enzymes. The results confirmed that free radicals are involved in the formation of DNA lesions induced by alloxan. The results also suggest that alloxan can generate oxidized DNA bases with a preference for purines and contribute to their alkylation.

Thiophene and its Analogs as Prospective Antioxidant Agents: A Retrospect

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghav Mishra ◽  
Nitin Kumar ◽  
Neetu Sachan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Oxidation Mechanism ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Thiophene Moiety

: The field of Free Radical Chemistry has gained considerable interest in the current scenario. The formation of free radicals is attributable to different physiochemical factors, radiation exposure, pathological conditions, environmental contaminants, and as by-products of metabolized drugs. The concentration of free radicals is regulated strongly under normal conditions by physiological antioxidants. Free radicals may cause oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, sugars, and DNA when abundantly produced or when antioxidants are depleted. This imbalance of reduction-oxidation, referred to as oxidative stress, can change the body's physiological conditions and ultimately lead to tissue injury, further contributing to various disease pathologies. A proper balance between free radicals and antioxidants is required for an effective physiological process. The oxidation mechanism is chemically hindered by antioxidants; these are often called free radical scavengers. The application of an external antioxidant source is crucial in addressing the issue of oxidative stress. Plenty of naturally occurring, semi-synthetic, and synthetic antioxidants are used, and the search for an efficient, non-toxic, and safe antioxidant is stepped up over time. As an influential scaffold, thiophene and its derivatives have become a significant source of interest for researchers due to its substantial variety of biological activities. The versatility of thiophene moiety has been identified by an affluent unveiling of its derivatives with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and antimicrobial behaviors. Thiophene activity has been influenced greatly by the nature and orientation of the substitutions. The current study aims at addressing various synthetic compounds with thiophene or condensed thiophene as a fundamental moiety or substituent as radical scavengers.

Size control synthesis of melanin-like polydopamine nanoparticles by tuning radicals

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (30) ◽  
pp. 4194-4200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianheng Wang ◽  
Zhan Chen ◽  
Peng Yang ◽  
Junfei Hu ◽  
Zhao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Control Synthesis ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Stable Free Radicals

We report the first effort to control the size of polydopamine nanoparticles via adding either strong free radical scavengers (i.e. edaravone) or stable free radicals (i.e. PTIO˙) during the polymerization.

Medical Applications of Water-Soluble Polyhydroxylated Fullerene Derivatives

1994 ◽  
Vol 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Y. Chiang ◽  
Fung-Jou Lu ◽  
Jaw-Town Lin
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Fullerene Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACTThe promising positive results in reducing superoxide free radicals (O2-.), generated by invitro xanthine and xanthine oxidase, have been demonstrated in the evaluation of potential uses of novel water-soluble [60] fullerenols as free radical scavengers. Observation reveals the inherent application of fullerenols in a wide range of medical and clinical areas as preventive alternatives for a long-term medical treatment.

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