Complete digestion of edible bird's nest releases free N-acetylneuraminic acid and small peptides: an efficient method to improve functional properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 5139-5149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zack C. F. Wong ◽  
Gallant K. L. Chan ◽  
Kevin Q. Y. Wu ◽  
Karman K. M. Poon ◽  
Yicun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Skin Whitening ◽  
Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽  
Edible Bird’S Nest ◽  
Complete Digestion ◽  
Osteogenic Effect

Digestion is an effective strategy to improve the functional properties (skin whitening and osteogenic effect) of edible bird's nest.

Retrieval practice is an efficient method of enhancing the retention of anatomy and physiology information

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Retrieval Practice ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Physiology Students ◽  
Initial Retrieval

Although a great deal of empirical evidence has indicated that retrieval practice is an effective means of promoting learning and memory, very few studies have investigated the strategy in the context of an actual class. The primary purpose of this study was to determine if a series of very brief retrieval quizzes could significantly improve the retention of previously tested information throughout an anatomy and physiology course. A second purpose was to determine if there were any significant differences between expanding and uniform patterns of retrieval that followed a standardized initial retrieval delay. Anatomy and physiology students were assigned to either a control group or groups that were repeatedly prompted to retrieve a subset of previously tested course information via a series of quizzes that were administered on either an expanding or a uniform schedule. Each retrieval group completed a total of 10 retrieval quizzes, and the series of quizzes required (only) a total of 2 h to complete. Final retention of the exam subset material was assessed during the last week of the semester. There were no significant differences between the expanding and uniform retrieval groups, but both retained an average of 41% more of the subset material than did the control group (ANOVA, F = 129.8, P = 0.00, ηp2 = 0.36). In conclusion, retrieval practice is a highly efficient and effective strategy for enhancing the retention of anatomy and physiology material.

scholarly journals The sequence of amino acids in insulin isolated from islet tissue of the cod (Gadus callarias)

1968 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. M. Reid ◽  
P T Grant ◽  
A. Youngson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Islet Tissue ◽  
Complete Digestion ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Derivatives Of

1. S-Aminoethylcysteinyl derivatives of the A and B chains of cod insulin were prepared from the individual S-sulpho chains. 2. Studies on small peptides derived from the S-aminoethylated peptide chains by treatment with trypsin allowed the amino acid sequences in the region of the cysteinyl residues of the A and B peptide chains to be defined. 3. The six amide groups in cod insulin were located by complete digestion of small peptides from the A and B chains with aminopeptidase followed by amino acid analyses. 4. The results, together with previous studies on the oxidized A and B chains, define the sequences of the 51 amino acids that constitute cod insulin.

scholarly journals Edible Bird’s Nest, an Asian Health Food Supplement, Possesses Skin Lightening Activities: Identification of N-Acetylneuraminic Acid as Active Ingredient

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 262-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gallant Kar Lun Chan ◽  
Zack Chun Fai Wong ◽  
Kelly Yin Ching Lam ◽  
Lily Kwan Wai Cheng ◽  
Laura Minglu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽  
Edible Bird’S Nest ◽  
Skin Lightening

Data-driven and DFT Assisted Theoretic Guide for Membrane Design in Flow Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyu Li ◽  
Wenjing Lu ◽  
Zhizhang Yuan ◽  
Huamin Zhang ◽  
Xianfeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Porous Membrane ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Solvent Treatment ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Membrane Design

Solvent treatment has been proved to be an effective strategy for preparation of highly selective porous membrane in flow batteries. Herein, a fast and efficient method to screen suitable solvent...

scholarly journals A Study on the Skin Whitening Activity of Digesta from Edible Bird’s Nest: A Mucin Glycoprotein

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Qunyan Fan ◽  
Jianmei Lian ◽  
Xuncai Liu ◽  
Fengyang Zou ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Tyrosinase Activity ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Skin Whitening ◽  
Cell Experiment ◽  
Mucin Glycoprotein ◽  
Edible Bird’S Nest ◽  
Whitening Activity ◽  
Free Sialic Acid

Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is an unusual mucin glycoprotein. In China, it is popular among consumers due to its skin whitening activity. However, the relationship between protein, sialic acid, and the whitening activity of EBN after digestion is still unclear. In the present work, the whitening activity (antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity) of digested EBN were studied by HepG2 and B16 cell models. The dissolution rate of protein and sialic acid was 49.59% and 46.45% after the simulated digestion, respectively. The contents of free sialic acid and glycan sialic acid in EBN digesta were 17.82% and 12.24%, respectively. HepG2 cell experiment showed that the digested EBN had significant antioxidant activity, with EC50 of 1.84 mg/mL, and had a protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative damage cells. The results of H2O2-induced oxidative damage showed that the cell survival rate increased from 40% to 57.37% when the concentration of digested EBN was 1 mg/mL. The results of the B16 cell experiment showed that the digested EBN had a significant inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity, and the EC50 value of tyrosinase activity was 7.22 mg/mL. Cell experiments showed that free sialic acid had stronger antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity than glycan sialic acid. The contribution rate analysis showed that protein component was the main antioxidant component in digestive products, and the contribution rate was 85.87%; free sialic acid was the main component that inhibited tyrosinase activity, accounting for 63.43%. The products of the complete digestion of EBN are suitable for the development of a new generation of whitening health products.

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