Fermented goat milk consumption improves iron status and evokes inflammatory signalling during anemia recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 3195-3201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada López-Aliaga ◽  
José D. García-Pedro ◽  
Jorge Moreno-Fernandez ◽  
Mª José M. Alférez ◽  
Magdalena López-Frías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Inflammatory Signalling

In spite of the crucial role of the inflammatory state under anemic conditions, to date, no studies have directly tested the modulation of cytokines during iron overload.

scholarly journals Heme Oxygenase-1 Regulates Ferrous Iron and Foxo1 in Control of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Wang Liao ◽  
Wanbao Yang ◽  
Zheng Shen ◽  
Weiqi Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Production ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Dependent Manner

The liver is a key player for maintaining glucose homeostasis. Excessive hepatic glucose production is considered to be a key for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The primary function of heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) is to catalyze the degradation of heme into biliverdin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide. Previous studies have demonstrated that the degradation of heme by HO1 in the liver results in mitochondrial dysfunction and drives insulin resistance. In this study, by overexpressing HO1 in hepatocytes and mice, we showed that HO1 promotes gluconeogenesis in a Foxo1-dependent manner. Importantly, HO1 overexpression increased the generation of ferrous iron in the liver, which further activates NF-<a>κB</a> and phosphorylates Foxo1 at Ser273 to enhance gluconeogenesis. We further assessed the role of HO1 in insulin-resistant L-DKO (liver-specific knockout of IRS1 and IRS2 genes) mice, which exhibit upregulation of HO1 in the liver and hepatic ferrous iron overload. HO1 knockdown by shRNA or treatment of iron chelator rescued the aberrant gluconeogenesis in L-DKO mice. In addition, we found that systemic iron overload promotes gluconeogenesis by activating hepatic PKA→Foxo1 axis. Thus, our results demonstrate the role of HO1 in regulating hepatic iron status and Foxo1 to control gluconeogenesis and blood glucose.

scholarly journals Role of Fermented Goat Milk on Liver Gene and Protein Profiles Related to Iron Metabolism during Anemia Recovery

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Jorge Moreno-Fernandez ◽  
María J. M. Alférez ◽  
Inmaculada López-Aliaga ◽  
Javier Díaz-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Liver Gene

Despite the crucial role of the liver as the central regulator of iron homeostasis, no studies have directly tested the modulation of liver gene and protein expression patterns during iron deficiency instauration and recovery with fermented milks. Fermented goat milk consumption improves the key proteins of intestinal iron metabolism during iron deficiency recovery, enhancing the digestive and metabolic utilization of iron. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of fermented goat or cow milk consumption on liver iron homeostasis during iron-deficiency anemia recovery with normal or iron-overload diets. Analysis included iron status biomarkers, gene and protein expression in hepatocytes. In general, fermented goat milk consumption either with normal or high iron content up-regulated liver DMT1, FPN1 and FTL1 gene expression and DMT1 and FPN1 protein expression. However, HAMP mRNA expression was lower in all groups of animals fed fermented goat milk. Additionally, hepcidin protein expression decreased in control and anemic animals fed fermented goat milk with normal iron content. In conclusion, fermented goat milk potentiates the up-regulation of key genes coding for proteins involved in iron metabolism, such as DMT1, and FPN1, FTL1 and down-regulation of HAMP, playing a key role in enhanced iron repletion during anemia recovery, inducing a physiological adaptation of the liver key genes and proteins coordinated with the fluctuation of the cellular iron levels, favoring whole-body iron homeostasis.

scholarly journals Heme Oxygenase-1 Regulates Ferrous Iron and Foxo1 in Control of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Wang Liao ◽  
Wanbao Yang ◽  
Zheng Shen ◽  
Weiqi Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Production ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Dependent Manner

The liver is a key player for maintaining glucose homeostasis. Excessive hepatic glucose production is considered to be a key for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The primary function of heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) is to catalyze the degradation of heme into biliverdin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide. Previous studies have demonstrated that the degradation of heme by HO1 in the liver results in mitochondrial dysfunction and drives insulin resistance. In this study, by overexpressing HO1 in hepatocytes and mice, we showed that HO1 promotes gluconeogenesis in a Foxo1-dependent manner. Importantly, HO1 overexpression increased the generation of ferrous iron in the liver, which further activates NF-<a>κB</a> and phosphorylates Foxo1 at Ser273 to enhance gluconeogenesis. We further assessed the role of HO1 in insulin-resistant L-DKO (liver-specific knockout of IRS1 and IRS2 genes) mice, which exhibit upregulation of HO1 in the liver and hepatic ferrous iron overload. HO1 knockdown by shRNA or treatment of iron chelator rescued the aberrant gluconeogenesis in L-DKO mice. In addition, we found that systemic iron overload promotes gluconeogenesis by activating hepatic PKA→Foxo1 axis. Thus, our results demonstrate the role of HO1 in regulating hepatic iron status and Foxo1 to control gluconeogenesis and blood glucose.

scholarly journals Potential of Nutraceutical Supplementation in the Modulation of White and Brown Fat Tissues in Obesity-Associated Disorders: Role of Inflammatory Signalling

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3351
Author(s):  
Federica Scarano ◽  
Micaela Gliozzi ◽  
Maria Caterina Zito ◽  
Lorenza Guarnieri ◽  
Cristina Carresi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Inflammatory Signalling

The high incidence of obesity is associated with an increasing risk of several chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sustained obesity is characterized by a chronic and unsolved inflammation of adipose tissue, which leads to a greater expression of proinflammatory adipokines, excessive lipid storage and adipogenesis. The purpose of this review is to clarify how inflammatory mediators act during adipose tissue dysfunction in the development of insulin resistance and all obesity-associated diseases. In particular, we focused our attention on the role of inflammatory signaling in brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity and the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT), which represent a relevant component of adipose alterations during obesity. Furthermore, we reported the most recent evidence in the literature on nutraceutical supplementation in the management of the adipose inflammatory state, and in particular on their potential effect on common inflammatory mediators and pathways, responsible for WAT and BAT dysfunction. Although further research is needed to demonstrate that targeting pro-inflammatory mediators improves adipose tissue dysfunction and activates thermogenesis in BAT and WAT browning during obesity, polyphenols supplementation could represent an innovative therapeutic strategy to prevent progression of obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases.

Goat milk consumption protects DNA against damage induced by chronic iron overload in anaemic rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Díaz-Castro ◽  
S. Hijano ◽  
M.J.M. Alférez ◽  
I. López-Aliaga ◽  
T. Nestares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Milk Consumption

Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-8 films : Crucial role of growth-induced linear defects in microwave properties

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (PR11) ◽  
pp. Pr11-47-Pr11-52
Author(s):  
V. M. Pan ◽  
V. S. Flis ◽  
V. A. Komashko ◽  
O. G. Plys ◽  
C. G. Tretiatchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Microwave Properties ◽  
Linear Defects
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