Impact of radiation induced crystallization on programmable metallization cell electrical characteristics and reliability

2019 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Yago Gonzalez-Velo ◽  
Arshey Patadia ◽  
Hugh J. Barnaby ◽  
Michael N. Kozicki
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Programmable Metallization Cell ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Programmable Metallization Cells ◽  
Ionizing Radiation Exposure ◽  
Metallization Cells ◽  
Induced Crystallization

Chalcogenide-based, programmable metallization cells (PMC) cells have been characterized after exposure to increasing levels of absorbed dose (i.e., ionizing radiation exposure).

Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation from Medical Imaging

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Radiation Induced Cancer ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Ionizing Radiation Exposure

This chapter, found in the radiation exposure from medical imaging section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining low-dose ionizing radiation exposure and radiation-induced cancer risks. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. The study reported that a substantial proportion of the nonelderly US population is exposed to medium to very high annual effective doses from medical imaging procedures. Strategies ensuring the appropriate use of medical imaging associated with ionizing radiation should be developed and adopted widely. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette is included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

scholarly journals Diastolic Dysfunction Accompanies Alterations in Myocardial Structure, Cellular Composition and Macrophage Polarization in Survivors of Ionizing Radiation Exposure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristofer T. Michalson ◽  
Gregory O. Dugan ◽  
David L. Caudell ◽  
J. Mark Cline ◽  
Dalane W. Kitzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
M1 Macrophages ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Lv Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Ionizing Radiation Exposure

ABSTRACTRationaleRadiation induced heart disease (RIHD) is a significant delayed/late effect of ionizing radiation exposure.ObjectiveTo determine the cardiac effects of total body irradiation (TBI) in male rhesus macaques, a translational non-human primate (NHP) model.Methods and ResultsEchocardiography was performed on survivors of a single dose (6.4-8.5 Gy) of TBI (n=34) and non-irradiated controls (n=26) divided into longer (LT IRR) and shorter term (ST IRR) survivors and controls to assess the effects of time since TBI on phenotypes. LT IRR had increased Doppler transmitral early filling velocities (E), decreased early mitral annular descent velocities (e’), and higher E/e’ ratio compared to LT CTL (all p≤0.05), indicating left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. Echocardiographic stroke volume, cardiac output, and end-diastolic and systolic volumes were also lower in LT IRR than controls (all p ≤ 0.05). ST IRR had similar alterations in LV diastolic function but not in cardiac volumetric measures. Analyses of LV, interventricular septum (IVS), and right ventricle (RV) myocardium from deceased irradiated animals (n=17) exposed to a single dose (6.9-8.05 Gy) TBI and non-irradiated controls (n=12) showed that IRR animals had decreased LV and IVS capillary density, and increased LV fibrosis, pan-cardiac fibroblast and macrophage staining, LV and IVS M2 macrophages, and pan-cardiac M1 macrophages (all p<0.05). While M2 predominated over M1 macrophages in both groups, M1 showed greater increases than M2 in IRR.ConclusionsLV diastolic dysfunction due to radiation exposure may be due to a combination of capillary rarefication, activation and expansion of fibroblasts, and increased accumulation of both pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory macrophages, all of which lead to increased myocardial stiffness due to fibrosis. Collectively, these findings provide insights into the delayed effects of acute ionizing radiation exposure and suggest that therapies targeting macrophage regulation of fibrosis may mitigate radiation induced heart disease.

The problem of ionizing radiation exposure of the radiologists in the opinion of students of Medical Faculties of the Medical University of Lublin

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-233
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Czekajska-Chehab ◽  
Piotr Przybylski ◽  
Marcin Pankowicz ◽  
Maria Korzec ◽  
Andrzej Drop
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Ionizing Radiation Exposure

scholarly journals Effects of resveratrol against scattered radiation-induced testicular damage in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarik Emre Sener ◽  
Beste Melek Atasoy ◽  
Ozge Cevik ◽  
Ozlem Tugce Cilingir Kaya ◽  
Sule Cetinel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Ionizing Radiation Exposure

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the possible protective effects of resveratrol against oxidative testicular damage due to scattered radiation during pelvic ionizing radiation exposure in rats.MethodsRats were divided into 5 groups; control, radiation, and radiation + resveratrol therapy in early and late periods. Under anesthesia, 20 Gy ionizing radiation was applied to prostatic region. Resveratrol was administered (10 mg/kg/day) orally before ionizing radiation exposure. Animals were decapitated at the end of 1st and 10th weeks. Biochemical markers of oxidative stress; caspase-3 and sirtuin-1 protein expressions; testosterone levels were evaluated, histological examinations were performed.ResultsSignificant increases in malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine levels, myeloperoxidase, and caspase-3 activities were observed after ionizing radiation exposure, also superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities were significantly decreased. Radiotherapy increased caspase-3 and decreased sirtuin-1 protein expressions. Resveratrol treatment significantly reversed these parameters and also reversed the decrease in testosterone levels back to control levels in late period.ConclusionResveratrol showed antioxidant and sirtuin-activating properties against oxidative damage caused by scattered radiation to testis and provided hormonal protection. These results suggest that resveratrol may be an alternative protective agent on testicular tissues against the effects of scattered pelvic radiation.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Ionizing Radiation Exposure in a Population-Based Cohort of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 2015-2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Peloquin ◽  
Darrell S. Pardi ◽  
William J. Sandborn ◽  
Joel G. Fletcher ◽  
Cynthia H. McCollough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Ionizing Radiation Exposure
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