Cage fusion from bi-cages to tri-cages during nucleation of methane hydrate: a DFT-D simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 9150-9158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyao Li ◽  
Ruili Shi ◽  
Lingli Tang ◽  
Yingying Huang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Nucleation Stage ◽  
Dense Accumulation

Water-cages tend to form dense accumulation configurations; and 512 and 4151062 cages are abundant in the early nucleation stage of CH4 hydrates.

RECOVERY OF GAS FROM METHANE HYDRATE RESERVOIR BY SIMULTANEOUS DEPRESSURIZATION AND N2 INJECTION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurav Parashar ◽  
Raghvendra Pratap Singh ◽  
Malay Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Hydrate Reservoir

TEMPERATURE CHANGES FOR METHANE HYDRATE DISSOCIATION IN DIFFERENT CLASS DEPOSITS BY DEPRESSURIZATION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingjun Yang ◽  
Yi Gao ◽  
Hang Zhou ◽  
Bingbing Chen ◽  
Yongchen Song
Keyword(s):  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Hydrate Dissociation ◽  
Temperature Changes

Governing the transboundary risks of offshore methane hydrate exploration in the seabed and ocean floor—an analysis on international provisions and Chinese law†

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-203
Author(s):  
Dong Yan ◽  
Paolo Davide Farah ◽  
Tivadar Ötvös ◽  
Ivana Gaskova
Keyword(s):  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Methane Hydrates ◽  
International Role ◽  
Deep Seabed Mining ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Unclos

Abstract Considering the fact that its existence is abundant while maintaining the ability to generate freshwater while burning, methane hydrates have been classified as sources of sustainable energy. China currently maintains an international role in developing technology meant to explore offshore methane hydrates buried under the mud of the seabed, their primary laboratory being the South China Sea. However, such a process does not come without its hazards and fatal consequences, ranging from the destruction of the flora and fauna, the general environment, and—the greatest hazard of all—the cost of human life. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (hereinafter ‘UNCLOS’), being an important international legal regime and instrument, has assigned damage control during the exploration of methane hydrates, as being the responsibilities and liability of individual sovereign states and corporations. China adopted the Deep Seabed Mining Law (hereinafter the DSM Law) on 26 February 2016, which came into force on the 1 of May 2016; a regulation providing the legal framework also for the Chinese government’s role in methane hydrate exploratory activities. This article examines the role of the DSM Law and its provisions, as well as several international documents intended to prevent transboundary environmental harm from arising, as a result of offshore methane hydrate extraction. Despite the obvious risk of harm to the environment, the DSM Law has made great strides in regulating exploratory activities so as to meet the criteria of the UNCLOS. However, this article argues that neither the UNCLOS nor the DSM Law are adequately prepared to address transboundary harm triggered by the exploitation of offshore methane hydrates. In particular, the technology of such extraction is still at an experimental stage, and potential risks remain uncertain—and even untraceable—for cross-jurisdictional claims. The article intends to seek available legal instruments or models, to overhaul the incapacity within the current governing framework, and offers suggestions supporting national and international legislative efforts towards protecting the environment during methane hydrate extraction.

Behaviors of NaCl Ions Intruding into Methane Hydrate under a Static Electric Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 125 (33) ◽  
pp. 18483-18493
Author(s):  
Kehan Li ◽  
Bingbing Chen ◽  
Mingjun Yang ◽  
Yongchen Song ◽  
Lanlan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Static Electric Field

scholarly journals Formation of a Low-Density Liquid Phase during the Dissociation of Gas Hydrates in Confined Environments

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Lihua Wan ◽  
Xiaoya Zang ◽  
Juan Fu ◽  
Xuebing Zhou ◽  
Jingsheng Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Phase State ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Methane Hydrates ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Hydrate Dissociation ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Confined Environment

The large amounts of natural gas in a dense solid phase stored in the confined environment of porous materials have become a new, potential method for storing and transporting natural gas. However, there is no experimental evidence to accurately determine the phase state of water during nanoscale gas hydrate dissociation. The results on the dissociation behavior of methane hydrates confined in a nanosilica gel and the contained water phase state during hydrate dissociation at temperatures below the ice point and under atmospheric pressure are presented. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) were used to trace the dissociation of confined methane hydrate synthesized from pore water confined inside the nanosilica gel. The characterization of the confined methane hydrate was also analyzed by PXRD. It was found that the confined methane hydrates dissociated into ultra viscous low-density liquid water (LDL) and methane gas. The results showed that the mechanism of confined methane hydrate dissociation at temperatures below the ice point depended on the phase state of water during hydrate dissociation.

Carboxylate Surfactants as Efficient and Renewable Promoters for Methane Hydrate Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejian Liu ◽  
Quan Cao ◽  
Dongyan Xu ◽  
Shengjun Luo ◽  
Rongbo Guo
Keyword(s):  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Hydrate Formation
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