scholarly journals The distinct structural preferences of tau protein repeat domains

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (45) ◽  
pp. 5700-5703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhua Li ◽  
Xuewei Dong ◽  
Guanghong Wei ◽  
Martin Margittai ◽  
Ruth Nussinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tau Protein ◽  
Structural Motifs ◽  
Structural Preferences

Among the four bi-repeat protofilaments, only R3–R4 can maintain the C-shaped structure that can be stabilized by heparins, while R1–R2 tends to be linear in shape, and these two structural motifs appear in the most stable K18 protofilament.

Was unterscheidet die Subtypen der Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit von anderen Demenzen mit initialen psychiatrischen Auffälligkeiten?

2003 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
H. Wormstall ◽  
M. Bartels ◽  
G.W. Eschweiler
Keyword(s):  
Tau Protein ◽  
Fur Protein ◽  
T2 Mri ◽  
Codon 129

ZusammenfassungSeit dem Nachweis boviner spongiformer Enzephalopathie (BSE) unter Rindern in Deutschland im November 2000 ist die Gefahr, an der neuen Variante der Creutzfeld-Jakob-Krankheit (vCJD) zu erkranken, auch hierzulande größer geworden. Diese Übersicht schildert die Differenzialdiagnostik von Demenzerkrankungen mit initialen psychiatrischen Auffälligkeiten im jüngeren und höheren Alter. Besonderer Wert wird auf die Unterschiede zwischen der sporadischen Creutzfeld-Jakob-Krankheit (sCJD) und der vCJD gelegt. Neben den klinischen und initial meist psychiatrisch geprägten Verläufen werden neuere laborchemische, molekulargenetische und neuroradiologische Aspekte dieser beiden Prionkrankheiten dargestellt. Der Liquor ist in den meisten Fällen positiv für Protein 14-3-3, Tau-Protein und Neuron-spezifische Enolase (NSE). Nur bei bestimmten molekulargenetisch am Codon 129 des Prionproteins determinierten Subgruppen der sCJD-Patienten, nicht aber bei vCJD-Patienten, finden sich im EEG periodische scharfe Wellen. In der Frühdiagnostik der sCJD kann vor allem die diffusionsgewichtete MRI eingesetzt werden. Bei den jüngeren vCJD-Patienten findet man neben den psychiatrischen Symptomen Parästhesien, erst später eine Demenz und Ataxie von mehr als 6 Monaten Dauer sowie T2-MRI-Signalhyperintensitäten im Pulvinar. Als weitere Differenzialdiagnosen der verschiedenen CJD-Subtypen wird auch die wenig bekannte Hashimoto-Enzephalopathie näher beschrieben.

The role of tau-protein in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment in diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariia Matveeva ◽  
Julia Samoilova ◽  
Natalie Zhukova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Tau Protein

Event-related Potentials Improve the Efficiency of Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (13) ◽  
pp. 1244-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Babić Leko ◽  
Magdalena Krbot Skorić ◽  
Nataša Klepac ◽  
Fran Borovečki ◽  
Lea Langer Horvat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Tau Protein ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
T Tau

Introduction: The pathological process of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the brain likely begins 20-30 years earlier than the emergence of its first clinical symptoms and symptoms of AD often overlap with the symptoms of other primary causes of dementia. Therefore, it is crucially important to improve early and differential diagnosis of the disease. Event-related potentials (ERP) measured non-invasively by electroencephalography have shown diagnostic potential in AD. Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of P300 and N200 potentials and reaction time (RT) with commonly used protein biomarkers measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), including amyloid β peptide (β1-42), total tau (t-tau), tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181), tau protein phosphorylated at serine 199 (p-tau199), tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 231 (p-tau231), and visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1) in differential diagnosis of AD in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients. Subjects: The study involved 49 AD patients, 28 patients with MCI, 4 healthy control subjects and 16 patients with other primary causes of dementia. Results: ERP (P300RT, N200RT, P300 counting and N200 counting) showed a moderate to strong correlation with protein CSF biomarkers. We confirmed previous observations of moderate to strong correlation between ERP and neuropsychological testing and showed that P300 latency and RT are shortened in AD patients on therapy with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Using ERP and RT, a predictive model for determination of AD likelihood in MCI patients was developed, detecting 56.3% of MCI patients with high risk for development of AD in our cohort. MCI patients with pathological levels of Aβ1-42 had prolonged P300 latency, indicating that a combination of ERP and CSF protein biomarkers could improve the differential diagnosis of AD in MCI patients. Additionally, the results suggested the potential of P300 latency in differentiating AD and FTD patients. Conclusion: Our data provide possible solutions for improvement of differential diagnosis of AD, and reveal that the diagnostic efficiency of CSF protein biomarkers t-tau, p-tau181, p-tau199, p-tau231 and VILIP-1 could be improved by adding ERP in clinical practice.

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