Fabrication of solar and electrically adjustable large area smart windows for indoor light and heat modulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (24) ◽  
pp. 5917-5922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh K. Singh ◽  
S. Kiruthika ◽  
Indrajit Mondal ◽  
Giridhar U. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Smart Window ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Active Layers ◽  
Window Applications

Invisible Cu mesh electrodes used as ITO alternative serve as transparent heaters for large area smart window applications with commercial thermochromic pigments and gels as active layers.

Electrochromic devices based on ultraviolet-cured poly(methyl methacrylate) gel electrolytes and their utilisation in smart window applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (26) ◽  
pp. 8747-8754
Author(s):  
Hyun Joo Lee ◽  
Chanyong Lee ◽  
Juhee Song ◽  
Yong Ju Yun ◽  
Yongseok Jun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Electrochromic Devices ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Gel Electrolytes ◽  
Window Applications

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have been widely investigated for application in next-generation displays and smart windows owing to their highly efficient optical transmittance modulation properties.

Solution-processable electrochromic materials and devices: roadblocks and strategies towards large-scale applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (41) ◽  
pp. 12761-12789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefei Li ◽  
Kuluni Perera ◽  
Jiazhi He ◽  
Aristide Gumyusenge ◽  
Jianguo Mei
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Electrochromic Materials ◽  
Figures Of Merit ◽  
Solution Processable ◽  
Window Applications ◽  
Challenges And Strategies

This review describes figures of merit, challenges and strategies during the development of solution-processable electrochromic materials and devices for large-area smart window applications.

High thermochromic performance of Fe/Mg co-doped VO2 thin films for smart window applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 6502-6509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhui Ji ◽  
Zhiming Wu ◽  
Lulu Lu ◽  
Xuefei Wu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
New Method ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Co Doping ◽  
Window Applications ◽  
Vo2 Thin Films ◽  
First Time ◽  
Co Doped

A new method, Fe/Mg co-doping, is proposed for the first time to optimize thermochromic VO2 and the promising performance of VO2-based smart windows for practical applications is successfully achieved.

Designable Phase Transition Temperature of VO2 Co-Doped with Nb and W Elements for Smart Window Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 7185-7191
Author(s):  
Hee Jung Kim ◽  
Dong Kyu Roh ◽  
Jung Whan Yoo ◽  
Dae-Sung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Phase Transition Temperature ◽  
Solar Modulation ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Co Doping ◽  
Window Applications ◽  
Nb Dopant ◽  
Co Doped

Monoclinic vanadium dioxide (VO2 (M)) particles co-doped with niobium and tungsten, with potential application in smart windows, were synthesized by hydrolysis and subsequent thermal decomposition of vanadyl sulfate. All the doped VO2 particles exhibited a monoclinic crystalline phase and the critical phase transition temperature (Tc) of VO2 (M) was adjusted by Nb and W co-doping. The Tc of Nb-doped VO2 (M) decreased at a rate of approximately 10 °C/at% Nb dopant, and the transition temperature could also be accurately controlled to room temperature (about 27 °C) by co-doping with Nb and W. A film prepared using co-doped VO2 (M) particles showed a solar modulation ability of ~18% and a luminous transmittance of 40%, indicating that the co-doped VO2 (M) particles represent suitable candidates for smart window applications.

scholarly journals All-Solid-State Proton-Based Tandem Structure Achieving Ultrafast Switching Electrochromic Windows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zewei Shao ◽  
Aibin huang ◽  
Chen Ming ◽  
John Bell ◽  
Pu Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Optical Modulation ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Solid Polymeric Electrolyte ◽  
Tandem Structure ◽  
Diffusion Speed ◽  
Ultrafast Switching ◽  
Window Applications

Abstract All-solid-state electrochromic devices (ECDs) for smart-window applications currently suffer from limited ion diffusion speed, which lead to slow coloration and bleaching processes. Here, we design an all-solid-state tandem structure with protons as diffusing species achieving an ultrafast switching ECD. We use WO3 as the electrochromic material, while poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the solid-state proton source to enable fast switching. This structure by itself exhibits low optical modulation (i.e., difference of on/off transmittance). We further introduce a solid polymeric electrolyte layer on top of PEDOT:PSS to form a tandem structure, which provides Na+ ions to PEDOT:PSS and pump protons there to the WO3 layer through ion exchange. Our new all-solid-state ECD features high optical modulation (>92% at 650 nm), fast response (coloration to 90% in 0.7 s and bleaching to 65% in 0.9 s and 90% in 7.1 s) and excellent stability (<10% degradation after 3000 cycles). Large-area (30×40 cm2) as well as flexible devices are fabricated to demonstrate the great potential for scaling up.

Microemulsion-based synthesis of V1−xWxO2@SiO2 core–shell structures for smart window applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (19) ◽  
pp. 3812-3819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijie Zhou ◽  
Shidong Ji ◽  
Yamei Li ◽  
Yanfeng Gao ◽  
Hongjie Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Shell Structures ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Window Applications

Localized surface plasmon resonance in V1−xWxO2 nanoparticles can induce excellent solar regulation efficiency of thermochromic smart windows.

scholarly journals Mixed Nanostructured Ti-W Oxides Films for Efficient Electrochromic Windows

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Nang Dinh ◽  
Dang Hai Ninh ◽  
Tran Thi Thao ◽  
Truong Vo-Van
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Electrochemical Stability ◽  
Electrochromic Devices ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Doctor Blade ◽  
Electrochemical Deposition Method ◽  
Window Applications

With the aim to enhance the electrochromic (EC) efficiency and electrochemical stability of electrochromic devices (ECD), mixed nanostructured TiO2/WO3films were prepared by an electrochemical deposition method with the purpose of adding WO3nanoparticles to porous nanocrystalline doctor-blade TiO2(nc-TiO2) films. The results of the characterization of electrochromic properties in 1 M LiClO4+ propylene carbonate (LiClO4+ PC) of both the nc-TiO2/F-doped tin oxide (FTO) and WO3/TiO2/FTO configurations showed the reversible coloration and bleaching of the ECDs. The response time of the ECD coloration of WO3/TiO2/FTO was found to be as small as 2 sec, and its coloration efficiency (CE) as high as 35.7 cm2× C−1. By inserting WO3nanoparticles into the porous TiO2structures, WO3/TiO2heterojunctions were formed in the films, consequently enabling both the CE and electrochemical stability of the working electrodes to be considerably enhanced. Since a large-area WO3/TiO2can be prepared by the doctor-blade technique followed by the electrochemical deposition process, mixed nanostructured Ti-W oxides electrodes constitute a good candidate for smart window applications, taking advantage of the excellent coloration and stability properties as well as the simple and economical fabrication process involved.

scholarly journals Influence of single-nanoparticle electrochromic dynamics on the durability and speed of smart windows

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (26) ◽  
pp. 12666-12671 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Colby Evans ◽  
Austin Ellingworth ◽  
Christina J. Cashen ◽  
Christopher R. Weinberger ◽  
Justin B. Sambur
Keyword(s):  
Surface Defects ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Particle Interactions ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Single Nanoparticle ◽  
Oxide Nanorods ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Ion Insertion

Nanomaterials have tremendous potential to increase electrochromic smart window efficiency, speed, and durability. However, nanoparticles vary in size, shape, and surface defects, and it is unknown how nanoparticle heterogeneity contributes to particle-dependent electrochromic properties. Here, we use single-nanoparticle-level electro-optical imaging to measure structure–function relationships in electrochromic tungsten oxide nanorods. Single nanorods exhibit a particle-dependent waiting time for tinting (from 100 ms to 10 s) due to Li-ion insertion at optically inactive surface sites. Longer nanorods tint darker than shorter nanorods and exhibit a Li-ion gradient that increases from the nanorod ends to the middle. The particle-dependent ion-insertion kinetics contribute to variable tinting rates and magnitudes across large-area smart windows. Next, we quantified how particle–particle interactions impact tinting dynamics and reversibility as the nanorod building blocks are assembled into a thin film. Interestingly, single particles tint 4 times faster and cycle 20 times more reversibly than thin films made of the same particles. These findings allow us to propose a nanostructured electrode architecture that optimizes optical modulation rates and reversibility across large-area smart windows.

scholarly journals Thermally Responsive Composite Hydrogel via Self-Assembly for Smart Window Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Feng ◽  
Qingquan Zhang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Yongjin Chen ◽  
Cong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Thermally Responsive ◽  
Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Window Applications ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Polymer Framework ◽  
Poly Propylene

A novel thermally responsive hydrogel (TRH) has been demonstrated by confining poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), and poly(ethylene oxide) triblock-copolymer (EPE) molecules into the pores of polymer framework. Aqueous EPE copolymer molecule had a tendency to aggregate to form clusters gradually and precipitated from water when the temperature is above a cloudy point. By adding EPE molecules into the acrylamide (AM) monomer solution, the mixture can be fabricated as uniform and transparent hydrogel via controlled radical polymerization. The polyacrylamide hydrogel is produced with a switchable optical property when subjecting to temperature variation. Such reversible thermally responsive material can be utilized as a functional material for smart window application. Additionally, the thermal responsive hydrogel is an inexpensive material, which is readily applicable as smart windows with significant reduction in material cost.

scholarly journals High-Efficiency Responsive Smart Windows Fabricated by Carbon Nanotubes Modified by Liquid Crystalline Polymers

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Yuan Deng ◽  
Shi-Qin Li ◽  
Qian Yang ◽  
Zhi-Wang Luo ◽  
He-Lou Xie
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Polymer Brush ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Vertical Orientation ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Conversion Materials

Smart windows can dynamically and adaptively adjust the light transmittance in non-energy or low-energy ways to maintain a comfortable ambient temperature, which are conducive to efficient use of energy. This work proposes a liquid crystal (LC) smart window with highly efficient near-infrared (NIR) response using carbon nanotubes grafted by biphenyl LC polymer brush (CNT-PDB) as the orientation layer. The resultant CNT-PDB polymer brush can provide the vertical orientation of LC molecules to maintain the initial transparency. At the same time, the smart window shows a rapid response to NIR light, which can quickly adjust the light transmittance to prevent sunlight from entering the room. Different from common doping systems, this method avoids the problem of poor compatibility between the LC host and photothermal conversion materials, which is beneficial for improving the durability of the device.

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