A stable two-electron-donating phenothiazine for application in nonaqueous redox flow batteries

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (46) ◽  
pp. 24371-24379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Kowalski ◽  
Matthew D. Casselman ◽  
Aman Preet Kaur ◽  
Jarrod D. Milshtein ◽  
Corrine F. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Charge Storage ◽  
Simple Modification ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Molecular Charge ◽  
Flow Batteries

Simple modification of N-ethylphenothiazine (left) with electron-donating substituents (right) increases the molecular charge-storage capacity of this donor.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics, Charge Transfer and Practical Considerations of Solid Boosters in Redox Flow Batteries

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2111
Author(s):  
Mahdi Moghaddam ◽  
Silver Sepp ◽  
Cedrik Wiberg ◽  
Antonio Bertei ◽  
Alexis Rucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Charge Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Density ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Redox Electrolyte ◽  
Flow Batteries

Solid boosters are an emerging concept for improving the performance and especially the energy storage density of the redox flow batteries, but thermodynamical and practical considerations of these systems are missing, scarce or scattered in the literature. In this paper we will formulate how these systems work from the point of view of thermodynamics. We describe possible pathways for charge transfer, estimate the overpotentials required for these reactions in realistic conditions, and illustrate the range of energy storage densities achievable considering different redox electrolyte concentrations, solid volume fractions and solid charge storage densities. Approximately 80% of charge storage capacity of the solid can be accessed if redox electrolyte and redox solid have matching redox potentials. 100 times higher active areas are required from the solid boosters in the tank to reach overpotentials of <10 mV.

Doubling up: Increasing Charge Storage in Organic Donors and Acceptors for Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Susan A Odom ◽  
Aman Preet Kaur ◽  
Matthew D Casselman ◽  
N. Harsha Attanayake ◽  
John Anthony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Storage ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

scholarly journals Elucidating Factors Controlling Long-Term Stability of Radical Anions for Negative Charge Storage in Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (15) ◽  
pp. 8116-8127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Zhang ◽  
Jinhua Huang ◽  
Lily A. Robertson ◽  
Rajeev S. Assary ◽  
Ilya A. Shkrob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Charge ◽  
Charge Storage ◽  
Radical Anions ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

scholarly journals The lightest organic radical cation for charge storage in redox flow batteries

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhua Huang ◽  
Baofei Pan ◽  
Wentao Duan ◽  
Xiaoliang Wei ◽  
Rajeev S. Assary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Cation ◽  
Organic Radical ◽  
Charge Storage ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

A Self-Trapping, Bipolar Viologen Bromide Electrolyte for Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
wenda wu ◽  
Jian Luo ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Bing Yuan ◽  
Tianbiao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Redox Electrolyte ◽  
Charge Process ◽  
Self Trapping ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
Neutral Conditions ◽  
Low Solubility

Aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) have become increasing attractive for scalable energy storage. However, it remains challenging to develop high voltage, powerful AORFBs because of the lack of catholytes with high redox potential. Herein, we report methyl viologen dibromide (<b>[MV]Br<sub>2</sub></b>) as a facile self-trapping, bipolar redox electrolyte material for pH neutral redox flow battery applications. The formation of the <b>[MV](Br<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></b> complex was computationally predicted and experimentally confirmed. The low solubility <b>[MV](Br<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></b> complex in the catholyte during the battery charge process not only mitigates the crossover of charged tribromide species (Br<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) and addresses the toxicity concern of volatile bromine simultaneously. A 1.53 V bipolar MV/Br AORFB delivered outstanding battery performance at pH neutral conditions, specifically, 100% total capacity retention, 133 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> power density, and 60% energy efficiency at 40 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>.

Thermo–chemical treatments based on NH3/O2 for improved graphite-based fiber electrodes in vanadium redox flow batteries

Carbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 280-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Flox ◽  
Javier Rubio-García ◽  
Marcel Skoumal ◽  
Teresa Andreu ◽  
Juan Ramón Morante
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Vanadium Redox
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