Mercury-free nitrogen-doped activated carbon catalyst: an efficient catalyst for the catalytic coupling reaction of acetylene and ethylene dichloride to synthesize the vinyl chloride monomer

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaobing Shen ◽  
Hong Zhao ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Zeyuan Kan ◽  
Ping Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Ethylene Dichloride ◽  
Vinyl Chloride Monomer ◽  
Carbon Catalyst ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Minamata Convention On Mercury

The global “Minamata Convention on Mercury” came into effect in 2017 exerting huge environmental pressure on acetylene-based polyvinyl chloride (PVC) processes.

Heterogeneous non-mercury catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination: progress, challenges, and opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2412-2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Zhong ◽  
Yunpeng Xu ◽  
Zhongmin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Vinyl Chloride Monomer ◽  
Acetylene Hydrochlorination ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

The replacement of mercuric chloride with non-mercury catalysts in acetylene hydrochlorination for the production of a vinyl chloride monomer, a precursor to polyvinyl chloride, would meet the requirements of green chemistry and have a great significance in the industrial field.

scholarly journals Catalytic Dehydrochlorination of 1,2-Dichloroethane into Vinyl Chloride over Nitrogen-Doped Activated Carbon

ACS Omega ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 2081-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhao ◽  
Siyuan Chen ◽  
Mengting Guo ◽  
Dan Zhou ◽  
Zhaobin Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Catalytic Dehydrochlorination

Mortality and cancer morbidity in workers exposed to low levels of vinyl chloride monomer at a polyvinyl chloride processing plant

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Hagmar ◽  
Bengt Kesson ◽  
Jsrn Nielsen ◽  
Christina Andersson ◽  
Katarina Lindan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Vinyl Chloride Monomer ◽  
Cancer Morbidity ◽  
Low Levels

Mortality from liver disease among italian vinyl chloride monomer/polyvinyl chloride manufacturers

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pirastu ◽  
P. Comba ◽  
A. Reggiani ◽  
V. Foa ◽  
A. Masina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Vinyl Chloride Monomer

Problems and Prospects of Production of Vinyl Chloride, and Its Toxicity (Review)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Галина Бодиенкова ◽  
Galina Bodienkova
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Ethylene Dichloride ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Labor Conditions

The paper gives an overview of the literature data reflecting the issue’s current state and prospects for vinyl chloride production in Russia and abroad. A brief analysis of topical questions on vinyl chloride toxicity and its influence on workers’ body functional systems have been presented. According to international experts’ estimation more than 2 million people are involved in vinyl chloride and polyvinylchloride production. Vinyl chloride is a feedstock for the production of polyvinyl chloride resin and various polymer materials based on it — finishing and building materials, packaging containers for food, pipes for household and drinking water supply, technical equipment, household items, artificial leather and goods based on it. Vinyl chloride consumption is growing every year. It has been included in the lists of the most dangerous and toxic substances. Experimental and clinical studies have shown its complex toxic effect on the body, characterized by damage to the central and peripheral nervous systems, liver, bone system, connective tissue, manifestation of carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic effects. Main sources of industrial hazards remain vinyl chloride and ethylene dichloride — chemicals of 1 to 2 classes of danger, which in modern conditions, as a rule, do not exceed, or only slightly exceed hygienic standards. In accordance with this, cases of occupational intoxication are the rare ones (mainly when the production technology and safety precautions are violated), and are most often not clearly expressed. At the same time, workers’ labor conditions in vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride production facilities are classified as harmful, which is facilitated, in addition to a chemical factor, by unfavorable microclimatic conditions and production noise. In this connection, at a number of enterprises there is an increase in the number of diseases related to the circulatory and nervous systems, as well as mental disorders. At healthy and trained workers which are in contact with vinyl chloride, have been revealed changes in the immune system, characterized by imbalance of cytokines and violation of autoimmune regulation. In this regard, it is advisable to improve the methodology for assessing of occupational risk taking into account specific labor conditions, including highly informative indicators of early changes in the workers’ health status.

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