scholarly journals Photocatalytic alginate fuel cells for energy production and refining of macroalgae

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (57) ◽  
pp. 35613-35618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyotu Mazumder ◽  
Hiroyuki Yoshikawa ◽  
Hideo Miyake ◽  
Toshiyuki Shibata ◽  
Eiichi Tamiya
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Carbon Sheet

An alginate fuel cell comprising a TiO2-modified carbon sheet (TiO2/C) anode was developed. The power output of the fuel cell and decomposition of alginate were enhanced by solar irradiation of the anode.

scholarly journals Microbial Fuel Cells, Related Technologies, and Their Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene Drendel ◽  
Elizabeth R. Mathews ◽  
Lucie Semenec ◽  
Ashley E. Franks
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Engineering Material ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Material Sciences

Microbial fuel cells present an emerging technology for utilizing the metabolism of microbes to fuel processes including biofuel, energy production, and the bioremediation of environments. The application and design of microbial fuel cells are of interest to a range of disciplines including engineering, material sciences, and microbiology. In addition, these devices present numerous opportunities to improve sustainable practices in different settings, ranging from industrial to domestic. Current research is continuing to further our understanding of how the engineering, design, and microbial aspects of microbial fuel cell systems impact upon their function. As a result, researchers are continuing to expand the range of processes microbial fuel cells can be used for, as well as the efficiency of those applications.

A Novel Approach for Distribution of Reacting Gases With Enhanced Mass Transfer in Fuel Cells

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Li ◽  
S. P. Chen ◽  
M. K. Chyu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Exchange Membrane

In order to improve the power output of a fuel cell, a novel approach for gas delivery and mass transfer enhancement in a gas distributor is proposed. A model analyzing the power output against the dimensions of a novel gas delivery channel and current collector is also presented. Experimental study for some proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells and numerical analysis for a planar type solid oxide fuel cell are carried out. Significant improvement of power output was obtained for the newly designed fuel cells compared to conventional ones. Both the experimental results and modeling analysis are of great significance to the design of fuel cells.

scholarly journals Measurement of polarization curve and development of a unique semi empirical model for description of PEMFC and DMFC performances

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Selyari ◽  
A.A. Ghoreyshi ◽  
M. Shakeri ◽  
G.D. Najafpour ◽  
T. Jafary
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Oxygen Stoichiometry ◽  
Semi Empirical

In this study, a single polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) in H2/O2 form with an effective dimension of 5?5 cm as well as a single direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with a dimension of 10?10 cm were fabricated. In an existing test station, the voltage-current density performances of the fabricated PEMFC and DMFC were examined under various operating conditions. As was expected DMFC showed a lower electrical performance which can be attributed to the slower methanol oxidation rate in comparison to the hydrogen oxidation. The results obtained from the cell operation indicated that the temperature has a great effect on the cell performance. At 60?C, the best power output was obtained for PEMFC. There was a drop in the cell voltage beyond 60?C which can be attributed to the reduction of water content inside the membrane. For DMFC, maximum power output was resulted at 64oC. Increasing oxygen stoichiometry and total cell pressure had a marginal effect on the cell performance. The results also revealed that the cell performance improved by increasing pressure differences between anode and cathode. A unified semi-empirical thermodynamic based model was developed to describe the cell voltage as a function of current density for both kinds of fuel cells. The model equation parameters were obtained through a nonlinear fit to the experimental data. There was a good agreement between the experimental data and the model predicted cell performance for both types of fuel cells.

Gasification and Fuel Cell Integration With Bottoming Turbine Cycle: Performances of a Hybrid Plant for Electricity Production

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lunghi ◽  
R. Burzacca
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Gasification Process

The increasing need of energy resources along with the growing environmental interest promote the creation of new concepts in the field of energy production and management strategies. The development of high temperature fuel cells, suitable for stationary energy production, is one of the most promising aspects, able to bring a significant change in the power generation scenario. One of the most important features for fuel cells is the potential coupling with advanced gasification systems, thus enabling the possibility of energy recovery from waste, RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) and biomass. The gasification process transfers the energetic value of the original solid fuel to a gaseous product rich in hydrogen, carbon monoxide and dioxide, and other compounds. A post-gasification treatment removes tars, particulates, impurities and makes the gas suitable for power production in a fuel cell unit. In this work an example of an innovative plant for biomass utilization has been considered. The plant includes a gasification section and a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell unit, coupled with a hot gas cleanup system. For gasification technology, a recent typology was considered involving an indirect heating system such as the Battelle process. Gaseous streams conveyed to the cell after the conditioning processes were considered. In order to achieve higher efficiencies, a bottoming cycle has been added. It comprises a turbine power plant integrated with the gasification and fuel cell lay-out. In the turbine cycle air is compressed in the operating pressure and internally heated by the waste heat of the fuel cell and of the gasification process. The expanded air is then used in the combustion reactor of the gasification system. The proposed plant allows high electric efficiency and high flexibility in choosing for air compression ratio and unit size; sensitivity analyses were performed.

scholarly journals Exergy analysis of combined cycle of gas turbine and solid oxide fuel cell in different compression ratios

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Fatahian ◽  
Navid Tonekaboni ◽  
Hossein Fatahian
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Due to the growing trend of energy consumption in the world uses of methods and new energy production systems with high efficiency and low emissions have been prioritized. Today, with the development of different systems of energy production, different techniques such as the use of solar energy, wind energy, fuel cells, micro turbines and diesel generators in cogeneration have been considered, each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Having a reliable energy generation system, inexpensive and availability the use of fuel cells as a major candidate has been introduced. Fuel cells converting chemical energy to electrical energy that today are one as a new technology in energy production are considered. In this paper fuel cell compression ratios 4, 4.1 and 4.2 at an ambient temperature of 298 K have been simulated and ultimately optimum ratio 4.1 for modeling has been selected. All components of cycle, including the stack of fuel cell, combustion chamber, air compressors, recuperator and gas turbine was evaluated from the viewpoint of exergy and exergy destruction rate was calculated by EES software.

Planar Multiplexing of Microfluidic Fuel Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Ho ◽  
Erik Kjeang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Microfluidic fuel cells eliminate the membrane by utilizing parallel colaminar flow of electrolyte between the anode and cathode electrodes. When operated on vanadium redox electrolyte, these cells also eliminate the need for catalyst. Hence, microfluidic fuel cells are promising contenders in terms of achieving useful performance levels for commercial applications while being cost-effective on a commercial scale. However, due to the inherent size of these devices the power output is relatively low and scale-up is a major challenge. In the present article, two planar cell multiplexing strategies are introduced, featuring a nonsymmetric unilateral design and a symmetric bilateral device architecture, both of which employ two cells with shared fluidic inlet ports. The fuel cell design is based on flow-through porous carbon electrodes using vanadium redox electrolytes as reactants. In both array architectures, the two cells are fluidically connected in parallel and electrically in series. The main challenge of achieving uniform flow distribution is assessed using laminar flow theory and computational fluid dynamics and validated experimentally. The normalized performance obtained with the two prototype array cells is found to be equivalent to previously reported data for single cells, in this case doubling the device level voltage and power output and reaching 820 and 1200 mW/cm2 peak power density for the nonsymmetric unilateral and symmetric bilateral array designs, respectively. It is, thus, demonstrated that both unilateral and bilateral planar multiplexing strategies are feasible for microfluidic fuel cell technologies and are shown to be particularly effective when the flow sharing between different cells is equal.

scholarly journals Ecological and Functional Aspects of Operation of Electric Vehicles With Fuel Cell

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Gis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles ◽  
Local Air Pollution

AbstractHydrogen can have great importance in seven areas of necessary changes in the transformation of the power system, including transport (especially motor transport), industrial processes, thermal and energy production in the construction industry and production processes. Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) do not cause local air pollution because they have zero “tailpipe” emissions. Essential are ecological and func-tional aspects of operating vehicles equipped with fuel cells. However, noteworthy is also the development of the refilling infrastructure. The functionality of FCEVs to a considerable degree depends on the functionality of fuel cells.

A Turbogenerator for Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine Hybrid Power Plant

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sy A. Ali ◽  
Robert R. Moritz
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
System Cost ◽  
Balance Of Plant

The Department of Energy has encouraged the development of high temperature fuel cells in partnership with industry. These fuel cells are primarily designed for stationary power. Integrating a fuel cell with a gas turbine produces a “hybrid” system, which enhances power output and efficiency, while reducing overall system cost. Recent DOE studies on Solid Oxide and Molten Carbonate fuel cells have confirmed that the fuel cell hybrids can generate 70+% plant electrical efficiency. The studies were focused on >20 MW hybrids. The first commercial hybrids using currently available stacks are expected to exceed 60% efficiency and are likely to be of the 1-3 MW class. Existing gas turbines are not compatible with performance or life requirements of a “hybrid.” In order to achieve these goals, a purpose-designed gas turbine was deemed necessary, which would: • Drive oxidant flow (normally air) through the stack and cycle • Pressurize the stack to raise its power output and efficiency • Minimize internal gas velocities and associated parasitic losses • Reduce system cost through a simpler overall balance of plant configuration • Enhance and simplify balance of plant and system integration process • Provide a means for converting fuel cell exhaust heat to as bonus electricity The benefits of a purpose-designed gas turbine are: • Total power improvement from 20 to 50% • Fuel efficiency improvement of 20-30% from a given stack system • System capital cost reduction ($/kW) of up to 40% • Life target of approximately 100,000 hours Fuel cells are expected to be used extensively for distributed generation application in base load mode, running predominantly steady state. The design stack life in this operating mode is 100,000 hours. The design of a fuel cell compatible gas turbine has been initiated. Results of this project will be presented at the conference. Turbogenerator configuration studies are continuing, under contract number DE-FC26-00NT40914, for the US Department of Energy.

Effect of Metal Modification to Carbon Paper Anodes on the Performance of Yeast-Based Microbial Fuel Cells Part ΙΙ: In the Case with Exogenous Mediator, Methylene Blue

2013 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enas Taha Kasem ◽  
Takuya Tsujiguchi ◽  
Nobuyoshi Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Carbon Paper ◽  
Electrode Potentials

Effect of metal modification to carbon paper as the anode of mediator-aided yeast-based microbial fuel cell on the cell performance was investigated using methylene blue as an exogenous mediator. The modification was conducted using a sputtering technique by depositing Co or Au thin layer, 30 nm. The electrode performance was evaluated by measuring the electrode potentials and the fuel cell power output. The metal modification significantly increased the mediator-aided MFC performance.

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