scholarly journals Synchrotron X-ray tomographic quantification of microstructural evolution in ice cream – a multi-phase soft solid

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (25) ◽  
pp. 15561-15573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enyu Guo ◽  
Guang Zeng ◽  
Daniil Kazantsev ◽  
Peter Rockett ◽  
Julian Bent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Internal Morphology ◽  
Multi Phase

Synchrotron X-ray tomography reveals the evolving internal morphology of a multi-phase soft solid, ice cream, enabling time dependent quantitation.

3D-characterization of three-phase systems using X-ray tomography: tracking the microstructural evolution in ice cream

Soft Matter ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 4584 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Pinzer ◽  
A. Medebach ◽  
H. J. Limbach ◽  
C. Dubois ◽  
M. Stampanoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Phase Systems

scholarly journals Ice Crystal Coarsening in Ice Cream during Cooling: A Comparison of Theory and Experiment

Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyi Mo ◽  
Robert D. Groot ◽  
Graham McCartney ◽  
Enyu Guo ◽  
Julian Bent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Ice Crystal ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal Diameter ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
The Relationship

Ice cream is a complex multi-phase structure and its perceived quality is closely related to the small size of ice crystals in the product. Understanding the quantitative coarsening behaviour of ice crystals will help manufacturers optimise ice cream formulations and processing. Using synchrotron X-ray tomography, we measured the time-dependent coarsening (Ostwald ripening) of ice crystals in ice cream during cooling at 0.05 °C/min. The results show ice crystal coarsening is highly temperature dependent, being rapid from ca. −6 to −12 °C but significantly slower at lower temperatures. We developed a numerical model, based on established coarsening theory, to calculate the relationship between crystal diameter, cooling rate and the weight fraction of sucrose in solution. The ice crystal diameters predicted by the model are found to agree well with the measured values if matrix diffusion is assumed to be slowed by a factor of 1.2 due to the presence of stabilizers or high molecular weight sugars in the ice cream formulation.

Probing the microstructural evolution of polyviologen-silica hybrid nanopowders during intermediate processing using X-ray microtomography

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Gundogdu ◽  
P.M. Jenneson ◽  
U. Tuzun ◽  
G.M. Gray ◽  
J.N. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silica Hybrid

The study of time dependent, broadband X-ray emission from ultra-short pulse laser produced plasmas

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie Shepherd ◽  
Rex Booth ◽  
Dwight Price ◽  
Rosemary Walling ◽  
Richard More ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Laser ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Short Pulse Laser ◽  
Ultra Short Pulse ◽  
Ultra Short Pulse Laser

scholarly journals High-Temperature Oxidation Properties and Microstructural Evolution of Nanostructure Fe-Cr-Al ODS Alloys

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 526
Author(s):  
Zhengyuan Li ◽  
Lijia Chen ◽  
Haoyu Zhang ◽  
Siyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Oxide Dispersion Strengthened ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Ods Alloys

The oxidation behavior and microstructural evolution of the nanostructure of Fe-Cr-Al oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys prepared by spark plasma sintering were investigated by high-temperature oxidation experiments in air at 1200 °C for 100 h. The formation of Al2O3 scale was observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) line scans. The oxidation rate of Fe-Cr-Al ODS alloys is lower than that of conventional Fe-Cr-Al alloys, and the oxide layer formed on the Fe-Cr-Al alloy appeared loose and cracked, whereas the oxide layer formed on the Fe-Cr-Al ODS alloys was adherent and flat. This is due to the high density of dispersed nano-oxides hindering the diffusion of Al element and the formation of vacancies caused by them. In addition, the nano-oxides could also adhere to the oxide layer. Besides, the microstructure of the Fe-Cr-Al ODS alloy had excellent stability during high-temperature oxidation.

Time-dependent X-ray polarization analysis for anisotropic distribution of hot electrons in ultrahigh intensity laser plasmas

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kai ◽  
T. Kawamura ◽  
Y. Inubushi ◽  
H. Nishimura ◽  
T. Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Hot Electrons ◽  
Polarization Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Plasmas ◽  
Intensity Laser

scholarly journals Theoretical and experimental comparative studies of nonlinear optical properties for selected melaminium compounds

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1192-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Drozd ◽  
Mariusz Marchewka
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hartree Fock ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Applications ◽  
Theoretical Results

AbstractThe bis(melaminium) sulphate dihydrate, 2,4,6-triamine-1,3,5-triazin-1,3-ium tartrate monohydrate, 2,4,6-triamine-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium hydrogenphthalate, 2,4,6-triamine-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium acetate acetic acid solvate monohydrate, 2,4,6-triamine-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium bis(selenate) trihydrate, melaminium diperchlorate hydrate, melaminium bis(trichloroacetate) monohydrate and melaminium bis(4-hydroxybenzenesulphonate) dihydrate were discovered recently as perspective materials for nonlinear optical applications. On the basis of X-ray structures for eight melaminium compounds the time dependent Hartree Fock (TDHF) method was used for calculation of the polarizability, and first and second hyperpolarizability. Detailed directional studies of calculated hyperpolarizability for all investigated melaminium compounds are shown. The theoretical results are compared with experimental values of β.

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