HIV/HAART-associated oxidative stress is detectable by metabonomics

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2202-2217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelia A. Williams ◽  
Lungile J. Sitole ◽  
Debra Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxidant Species ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxidant

HIV and/or its treatment increases reactive oxidant species and concomitantly decreases antioxidants, collectively destabilizing DNA, protein and lipids, producing markers of oxidative stress, detectable by metabonomics.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress as a Mediator of Cardiovascular Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maqsood M. Elahi ◽  
Yu Xiang Kong ◽  
Bashir M. Matata
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Reactive Oxidant Species ◽  
Reactive Oxidant

During physiological processes molecules undergo chemical changes involving reducing and oxidizing reactions. A molecule with an unpaired electron can combine with a molecule capable of donating an electron. The donation of an electron is termed as oxidation whereas the gaining of an electron is called reduction. Reduction and oxidation can render the reduced molecule unstable and make it free to react with other molecules to cause damage to cellular and sub-cellular components such as membranes, proteins and DNA. In this paper, we have discussed the formation of reactive oxidant species originating from a variety of sources such as nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS), xanthine oxidases (XO), the cyclooxygenases, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H) oxidase isoforms and metal-catalyzed reactions. In addition, we present a treatise on the physiological defences such as specialized enzymes and antioxidants that maintain reduction-oxidation (redox) balance. We have also given an account of how enzymes and antioxidants can be exhausted by the excessive production of reactive oxidant species (ROS) resulting in oxidative stress/nitrosative stress, a process that is an important mediator of cell damage. Important aspects of redox imbalance that triggers the activity of a number of signaling pathways including transcription factors activity, a process that is ubiquitous in cardiovascular disease related to ischemia/reperfusion injury have also been presented.

scholarly journals Oxidative status in plasma, urine and saliva of girls with anorexia nervosa and healthy controls: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Gaál Kovalčíková ◽  
Ľubica Tichá ◽  
Katarína Šebeková ◽  
Peter Celec ◽  
Alžbeta Čagalová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Carbonyl Stress ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Abstract Background Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious psychosomatic disorder with unclear pathomechanisms. Metabolic dysregulation is associated with disruption of redox homeostasis that might play a pivotal role in the development of AN. The aim of our study was to assess oxidative status and carbonyl stress in plasma, urine and saliva of patients with AN and healthy controls. Methods Plasma, spot urine, and saliva were collected from 111 girls with AN (aged from 10 to 18 years) and from 29 age-matched controls. Markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status were measured using spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods. Results Plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were significantly higher in patients with AN than in healthy controls (by 96, and 82%, respectively). Accordingly, urinary concentrations of AOPP and fructosamines and salivary concentrations of AGEs were higher in girls with AN compared with controls (by 250, and 41% in urine; by 92% in saliva, respectively). Concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in saliva were 3-times higher in the patients with AN than in the controls. Overall antioxidants were lower in plasma of girls with AN compared to the controls, as shown by total antioxidant capacity and ratio of reduced and oxidized glutathione (by 43, and 31%, respectively). Conclusions This is the first study assessing wide range of markers of oxidative status in plasma, urine and saliva of the patients with AN. We showed that both, higher levels of markers of oxidative stress and lower antioxidants play a role in redox disruption. Restoration of redox homeostasis might be of the clinical relevance

scholarly journals Effect of Tai Chi on Markers of Oxidative Stress: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3458
Author(s):  
Juana Rosado-Pérez ◽  
Osvaldo D. Castelán-Martínez ◽  
Abril J. Mújica-Calderón ◽  
Martha A. Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mean Differences

Background: This study aimed to synthesize the evidence of the effect of practicing Tai Chi on oxidative stress markers (OxSM). Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducting using the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Epistemonikos, Lilacs, and Ovid databases to identify randomized (RCT) and non-randomized (NRCT) clinical trials that evaluated the Tai Chi effect on OxSM compared to sedentary behavior, walking or yoga. Pooled mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using the inverse variance method to determine the effect of Tai Chi on OxSM. PROSPERO register: CRD42019138362. Results: Five RCT and five NRCT were included. Compared to sedentary behavior, regular Tai Chi practice increases the levels of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (MD = 34.97 U/mL, (95%CI, 9.45 to 60.48), 344 participants) and catalase (MD = 15.63 U/mL, (95%CI, 4.05 to 27.22), 110 participants), as well as reducing the levels of lipoperoxides (MD = −0.02 µmol/L, (95%CI, −0.04 to −0.00), 234 participants). For comparisons with walking or yoga, only one study per activity was identified comparing the effect on OxSM. Conclusions: Regular Tai Chi practice increases the levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as reducing the levels of lipoperoxides. More studies are necessary to determine the effect of Tai Chi on OxSM when compared to other physical activities.

scholarly journals Transdermal nitroglycerin therapy is not associated with biochemical markers of oxidative stress

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
S.D. Milone ◽  
C.R. Pace-Asciak ◽  
E.R. Azevedo ◽  
G.E. Newton ◽  
J.D. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Markers of oxidative stress in uremia

2004 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Véronique Witko-Sarsat ◽  
Chantal Capeillere-Blandin ◽  
Béatrice Descamps-Latscha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Erythrocyte Markers of Oxidative Stress in Higher Age-Group Preeclamptic and Normal Pregnant Mothers

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed K. Haque ◽  
Mashiat U. Siddiqui ◽  
Najmul Islam ◽  
Shagufta Moin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pregnant Mothers
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