Characterization of fecal fat composition and gut derived fecal microbiota in high-fat diet fed rats following intervention with chito-oligosaccharide and resistant starch complexes

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4374-4383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenting Shang ◽  
Xu Si ◽  
Zhongkai Zhou ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Padraig Strappe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fecal Fat ◽  
Fat Composition

The current study analyzed the different effects of intervention in high-fat diet fed rats using chito-oligosaccharides (CO group), resistant starch (RS group) and their complexes (CO–RS group), respectively.

Stimulation of fecal fat excretion and the disposal of protoporphyrin in a murine model for erythropoietic protoporphyria

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (2) ◽  
pp. G510-G516
Author(s):  
Karin E. R. Gooijert ◽  
Rick Havinga ◽  
Alida R. Oosterloo-Duinkerken ◽  
Enge E. A. Venekamp-Hoolsema ◽  
Folkert Kuipers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Erythropoietic Protoporphyria ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Fecal Fat ◽  
Sucrose Polyesters ◽  
Hydrophobic Compound ◽  
Fat Excretion ◽  
Stimulation Of

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is characterized by toxic accumulation of the hydrophobic compound protoporphyrin (PP). Ferrochelatase-deficient ( fch/ fch) mice are an animal model for human EPP. Recently, we have demonstrated that the accumulation of another hydrophobic compound, unconjugated bilirubin, could effectively be treated by stimulation of fecal fat excretion. We investigated whether stimulation of fecal fat excretion enhanced the disposal of PP in fch/ fch mice. Fch/ fch mice were fed for 8 wk with a high-fat diet (16 wt% fat; control) or with the high-fat diet mixed with either a nonabsorbable fat (sucrose polyester) or the intestinal lipase inhibitor orlistat. The effects of the treatments on fecal excretion of fat and PP and on hepatic PP concentrations were compared with control diets. Fecal fat excretion in fch/ fch mice on a high-fat diet was higher than in mice on a low-fat diet (+149%, P < 0.05). Sucrose polyesters and orlistat increased fecal fat excretion even more, up to sixfold of control values. However, none of the different treatments affected fecal PP excretion or hepatic PP concentration. Treatment of fch/ fch mice with a high-fat diet, a nonabsorbable fat diet, or with orlistat increased the fecal excretion of fat but did not increase fecal PP excretion or decrease hepatic PP concentration. The present data indicate that accumulation of PP is not amenable to stimulation of fecal fat excretion.

scholarly journals Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in early life aggravates high-fat diet induced dysmetabolism in adult mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. H. Miao ◽  
W. X. Zhou ◽  
R. Y. Cheng ◽  
H. J. Liang ◽  
F. L. Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Host Animal ◽  
Intestinal Microbes ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders

Abstract Background Accumulating evidence have shown that the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in prevention of host obesity and metabolism disorders. Recent studies also demonstrate that early life is the key time for the colonization of intestinal microbes in host. However, there are few studies focusing on possible association between intestinal microbiota in the early life and metabolism in adulthood. Therefore the present study was conducted to examine whether the short term antibiotic and/or probiotic exposure in early life could affect intestinal microbes and their possible long term effects on host metabolism. Results A high-fat diet resulted in glucose and lipid metabolism disorders with higher levels of visceral fat rate, insulin-resistance indices, and leptin. Exposure to ceftriaxone in early life aggravated the negative influences of a high-fat diet on mouse physiology. Orally fed TMC3115 protected mice, especially those who had received treatment throughout the whole study, from damage due to a high-fat diet, such as increases in levels of fasting blood glucose and serum levels of insulin, leptin, and IR indices. Exposure to ceftriaxone during the first 2 weeks of life was linked to dysbiosis of the fecal microbiota with a significant decrease in the species richness and diversity. However, the influence of orally fed ceftriaxone on the fecal microbiota was limited to 12 weeks after the termination of treatment. Of note, at week 12 there were still some differences in the composition of intestinal microbiota between mice provided with high fat diet and antibiotic exposure and those only fed a high fat diet. Conclusions These results indicated that exposure to antibiotics, such as ceftriaxone, in early life may aggravate the negative influences of a high-fat diet on the physiology of the host animal. These results also suggest that the crosstalk between the host and their intestinal microbiota in early life may be more important than that in adulthood, even though the same intestinal microbes are present in adulthood.

scholarly journals Resistant starch and exercise independently attenuate weight regain on a high fat diet in a rat model of obesity

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine A Higgins ◽  
Matthew R Jackman ◽  
Ian L Brown ◽  
Ginger C Johnson ◽  
Amy Steig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Enhanced anti-obesity effects of complex of resistant starch and chitosan in high fat diet fed rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 834-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Si ◽  
Padraig Strappe ◽  
Chris Blanchard ◽  
Zhongkai Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat

RS4-type resistant starch prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity via increased hepatic fatty acid oxidation and decreased postprandial GIP in C57BL/6J mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (3) ◽  
pp. E652-E662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Shimotoyodome ◽  
Junko Suzuki ◽  
Daisuke Fukuoka ◽  
Ichiro Tokimitsu ◽  
Tadashi Hase
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Utilization ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid Oxidation

Chemically modified starches (CMS) are RS4-type resistant starch, which shows a reduced availability, as well as high-amylose corn starch (HACS, RS2 type), compared with the corresponding unmodified starch. Previous studies have shown that RS4 increases fecal excretion of bile acids and reduces zinc and iron absorption in rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary RS4 supplementation on the development of diet-induced obesity in mice. Weight- and age-matched male C57BL/6J mice were fed for 24 wk on a high-fat diet containing unmodified starch, hydroxypropylated distarch phosphate (RS4), or HACS (RS2). Those fed the RS4 diet had significantly lower body weight and visceral fat weight than those fed either unmodified starch or the RS2 diet. Those fed the RS4 diet for 4 wk had a significantly higher hepatic fatty acid oxidation capacity and related gene expression and lower blood insulin than those fed either unmodified starch or the RS2 diet. Indirect calorimetry showed that the RS4 group exhibited higher energy expenditure and fat utilization compared with the RS2 group. When gavaged with fat (trioleate), RS4 stimulated a lower postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP; incretin) response than RS2. Higher blood GIP levels induced by chronic GIP administration reduced fat utilization in high-fat diet-fed mice. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with RS4-type resistant starch attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity more effectively than RS2 in C57BL/6J mice, which may be attributable to lower postprandial GIP and increased fat catabolism in the liver.

scholarly journals Characterization of the variability in the extent of nonalcoholic fatty liver induced by a high‐fat diet in the genetically diverse Collaborative Cross mouse model

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 7773-7785
Author(s):  
Aline Conti ◽  
Volodymyr Tryndyak ◽  
Rose A. Willett ◽  
Barbara Borowa‐Mazgaj ◽  
Anna Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Collaborative Cross ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

scholarly journals Characterization of High-Fat, Diet-Induced, Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis with Fibrosis in Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Jie Xu ◽  
Jian-Gao Fan ◽  
Xiao-Dong Ding ◽  
Liang Qiao ◽  
Guo-Liang Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

scholarly journals Generation and characterization of a Meflin-CreERT2 transgenic line for lineage tracing in white adipose tissue

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248267
Author(s):  
Takahide Kuwano ◽  
Hironori Izumi ◽  
Muhammad Rahil Aslam ◽  
Yoshiko Igarashi ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Transgenic Line ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cold Stimulation ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Beige Adipocytes

Meflin (Islr) expression has gained attention as a marker for mesenchymal stem cells, but its function remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the generation of Meflin-CreERT2 mice with CreERT2 inserted under the Meflin gene promoter to label Meflin-expressing cells genetically, thereby enabling their lineages to be traced. We found that in adult mice, Meflin-expressing lineage cells were present in adipose tissue stroma and had differentiated into mature adipocytes. These cells constituted Crown-like structures in the adipose tissue of mice after high-fat diet loading. Cold stimulation led to the differentiation of Meflin-expressing lineage cells into beige adipocytes. Thus, the Meflin-CreERT2 mouse line is a useful new tool for visualizing and tracking the lineage of Meflin-expressing cells.

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