The acute effect of coffee on endothelial function and glucose metabolism following a glucose load in healthy human volunteers

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3366-3373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan A. J. Boon ◽  
Kevin D. Croft ◽  
Sujata Shinde ◽  
Jonathan M. Hodgson ◽  
Natalie C. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Volunteers

The consumption of coffee, as a whole beverage, may improve vascular function, although this may be due to the caffeine.

scholarly journals Bacillus subtilis DE111 intake may improve blood lipids and endothelial function in healthy adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
R.E. Trotter ◽  
A.R. Vazquez ◽  
D.S. Grubb ◽  
K.E. Freedman ◽  
L.E. Grabos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Double Blind

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the US and worldwide. By 2030 it is anticipated that CVD will claim the lives of more than 24 million people. Throughout the last decade, researchers have investigated the role of the gut microbiota in the development of CVD. Evidence exists for a positive correlation between Bifidobacterium and vascular function, glucose tolerance, and reduced systemic inflammation. Another probiotic species, Bacillus subtilis, has also been found to reduce cholesterol levels in human and animal models. In light of these data, we examined various measures of cardiovascular health after consumption of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain BL04, with and without a cocktail of Escherichia coli-targeting bacteriophages (marketed as PreforPro), Bacillus subtilis strain DE111 or a maltodextrin-based placebo in a healthy human population. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled 4-week intervention conducted in individuals 18 to 65 years of age with a body mass index of 20 to 34.9, we saw no significant changes in measured CVD parameters among individuals consuming B. lactis with or without bacteriophages. However, B. subtilis supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in total cholesterol relative to baseline measures (-8 mg/dl; P=0.04, confidence interval (CI): -13.40, -0.19), as well as non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (-11 mg/dl; P=0.01, CI: -12.43, -2.07). In addition we observed trending improvements in endothelial function (P=0.05, CI: -0.003, 0.370) and in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P=0.06, CI:-12.29, 0.2864). Strikingly, these effects were seen in a largely healthy population. These data suggest that B. subtilis supplementation may be beneficial for improving risk factors associated with CVD. Further studies in populations of older adults or those with dyslipidaemia and endothelial dysfunction is warranted.

Gastroretentive Floating Capsules of Risedronate Sodium: Development, Optimization, in vitro and in vivo Evaluation in Healthy Human Volunteers

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2835-2842
Author(s):  
Bhikshapathi D. V. R. N. ◽  
Arun Kumar Jarathi ◽  
Suresh Gande ◽  
Viswaja Medipally ◽  
Ramesh Bomma
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Capsule Formulation ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Volunteers

Background and the purpose of the study: Risedronate sodium inhibits osteoclast bone resorption and modulates bone metabolism. Risedronate has a high affinity for hydroxyapatite crystals in bone and is a potent antiresorptive agent. In the present investigation efforts were made to improve the bioavailability of risedronate sodium by increasing the residence time of the drug through sustained-release matrix capsule formulation via gastroretentive mechanism. Capsules were prepared by wet granulation technique. The influence of gel forming agents, amount of risedronate and total weight of capsules on physical properties, in vitro buoyancy, drug release, FTIR, DSC, X-ray studies were investigated. The release mechanisms were explored and explained by applying zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer equations. The selected formulations were subjected to stability study at 40 °C/75% RH, 25 °C/60% RH for the period of three months. For all formulations, kinetics of drug release from capsules followed Higuchi’s square root of time kinetic treatment heralding diffusion as predominant mechanism of drug release. Formulation containing 25 mg HPMC K4M and 75 mg HPMC K100 LV (F-8) showed zero order release profile. There was no significant change in the selected formulation, when subjected to accelerated stability conditions over a period of three months. X-ray imaging in six healthy human volunteers revealed a mean gastric retention period of 5.60 ± 0.77 hrs for the selected formulation. Stable, sustained release effervescent floating capsules of risedronate sodium could be prepared by wet granulation technique.  

Osteoprotegerin and Osteopontin Serum Levels are Associated with Vascular Function and Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Maniatis ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Evangelos Oikonomou ◽  
Manolis Vavuranakis ◽  
Marina Zaromytidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Atherosclerosis Progression ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Stable Cad

Background: Osteoprotegerin and osteopontin have recently emerged as key factors in both vascular remodelling and atherosclerosis progression. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory cytokine with a key role in atherosclerosis. The relationship of osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, and IL-6 serum levels with endothelial function and arterial stiffness was evaluated in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: We enrolled 219 patients with stable CAD and 112 control subjects. Osteoprotegerin, osteopontin and IL-6 serum levels were measured using an ELISA assay. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured as an index of aortic stiffness. Results: There was no significant difference between control subjects and CAD patients according to age and sex. Compared with control subjects, CAD patients had significantly impaired FMD (p<0.001) and increased PWV (p=0.009). CAD patients also had significantly higher levels of osteoprotegerin (p<0.001), osteopontin (p<0.001) and IL-6 (p=0.03), compared with control subjects. Moreover, IL-6 levels were correlated with osteoprotegerin (r=0.17, p=0.01) and osteopontin (r=0.30, p<0.001) levels. FMD was correlated with osteoprotegerin levels independent of possible confounders [b coefficient= - 0.79, 95% CI (-1.54, -0.05), p=0.04]. Conclusion: CAD patients have increased osteoprotegerin, osteopontin and IL-6 levels. Moreover, there is a consistent association between osteoprotegerin and osteopontin serum levels, vascular function and inflammation in CAD patients. These findings suggest another possible mechanism linking osteoprotegerin and osteopontin serum levels with CAD progression through arterial wall stiffening and inflammation.

Synthetic Nanoclay Gels Do Not Cause Skin Irritation in Healthy Human Volunteers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana E. Bostan ◽  
Claire E. Clarkin ◽  
Mohamed Mousa ◽  
Peter R. Worsley ◽  
Daniel L. Bader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Volunteers

Some Effects of Nalorphine on the Behaviour of Healthy Human Volunteers

1957 ◽  
Vol 103 (433) ◽  
pp. 850-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Cahal
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Volunteers

Some workers have claimed that nalorphine is as potent an analgesic as morphine and does not lead to addiction.

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