Echinacoside ameliorates the memory impairment and cholinergic deficit induced by amyloid beta peptides via the inhibition of amyloid deposition and toxicology

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2283-2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Ji Shiao ◽  
Muh-Hwan Su ◽  
Hang-Ching Lin ◽  
Chi-Rei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Amyloid Β Peptide ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
Amyloid Beta Peptides ◽  
Beta Peptides ◽  
Amyloid Cascade

This study investigates the role of the amyloid cascade and central neuronal function on the protective effects of echinacoside in amyloid β peptide 1-42 (Aβ 1-42)-treated SH-SY5Y cells and an Aβ 1-42-infused rat.

scholarly journals On the Role of Platelet-Generated Amyloid Beta Peptides in Certain Amyloidosis Health Complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Inyushin ◽  
Astrid Zayas-Santiago ◽  
Legier Rojas ◽  
Lilia Kucheryavykh
Keyword(s):  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Amyloid Beta Peptides ◽  
Beta Peptides ◽  
Health Complications

scholarly journals Alternative Method to Detect Neuronal Degeneration and Amyloid β Accumulation in Free-Floating Brain Sections With Fluoro-Jade

ASN NEURO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 175909141878435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene L. Gutiérrez ◽  
Marta González-Prieto ◽  
Borja García-Bueno ◽  
Javier R. Caso ◽  
Juan C. Leza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Staining Procedure ◽  
Intracerebral Injection ◽  
Amyloid Beta Peptides ◽  
Beta Peptides ◽  
5Xfad Mice

Fluoro-Jade is a fluorescein-derived fluorochrome which specifically binds to damaged neurons. Due to this characteristic, it is commonly used for the histochemical detection and quantification of neurodegeneration in mounted brain sections. Here, we describe an alternative and simpler histochemistry protocol based on the use of free-floating brain sections. For this purpose, we have used brain slices from wild-type and 5xFAD mice as well as from mice that received an intracerebral injection of oligomeric amyloid beta peptides. We observed that our histochemistry staining procedure allows for a well-defined labeling of degenerating neurons providing a better signal-to-noise ratio staining than the commonly used one. In addition, our modified protocol demonstrates the ability of Fluoro-Jade C to also fluorescently label amyloid beta plaques.

Immunotherapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Challenges and Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma ◽  
Amal Chandra Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Prion Proteins ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Corticobasal Degeneration ◽  
Amyloid Β Peptide ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
Literature Study

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases, being rapidly increasing disorders and the seventh leading cause of death worldwide, have been a great challenge for researchers, affecting cognition, motor activity and other body functioning due to neurodegeneration. Several neurodegenerative diseases are caused by aggregation of proteins which induce the alteration of neuronal function leading to cell death. These proteins are amyloid-β peptide, tau, α-synuclein, and mHTT, which cause Alzheimer’s disease, Frontotemporal dementia, Corticobasal degeneration, Progressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson’s disease, Multiple system atrophy, Dementia with Lewy-body and Huntington’s disease. Currently available treatments only reduce symptoms and increase life sustainability; however, they possess side effects and are ineffective in curing the diseases. Objectives: Literature survey of neurodegenerative diseases and immunotherapeutic approaches used to evaluate their pharmacological effects and future endeavours. Methods: A literature search was performed to find the relevant articles related to neurodegenerative diseases and immunotherapies. Clinical trials data were analysed from clinicaltrial.com. Result: According to literature study, it was found that researchers have explored the effect of active and passive vaccines generated against amyloid-β, tau, α-synuclein and mHTT. Few clinical trials have shown severe side effects and terminated, despite of that, few of them produced desirable effects for the treatment of AD and PD. Conclusion: Several immunotherapeutic trials have shown promising outcomes against amyloid-β, tau and α-synuclein. In addition, various preclinical studies against mHTT and prion proteins are under scrutinization. These clinical outcomes indicate promising role of immunotherapies against neurodegenerative diseases.

Amyloid β-peptide and Alzheimer's disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Allsop ◽  
Jennifer Mayes
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Amyloid Β Peptide ◽  
Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Aβ Amyloid ◽  
Amyloid Cascade

One of the hallmarks of AD (Alzheimer's disease) is the formation of senile plaques in the brain, which contain fibrils composed of Aβ (amyloid β-peptide). According to the ‘amyloid cascade’ hypothesis, the aggregation of Aβ initiates a sequence of events leading to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, neurodegeneration, and on to the main symptom of dementia. However, emphasis has now shifted away from fibrillar forms of Aβ and towards smaller and more soluble ‘oligomers’ as the main culprit in AD. The present chapter commences with a brief introduction to the disease and its current treatment, and then focuses on the formation of Aβ from the APP (amyloid precursor protein), the genetics of early-onset AD, which has provided strong support for the amyloid cascade hypothesis, and then on the development of new drugs aimed at reducing the load of cerebral Aβ, which is still the main hope for providing a more effective treatment for AD in the future.

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