Arsenic leaching from ceramic water filters

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
Michael V. Schaefer ◽  
Andrew Shantz ◽  
Scott Fendorf ◽  
Samantha C. Ying
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Water Filters ◽  
Arsenic Leaching

Rapid arsenic leaching from ceramic water purifiers poses a health risk, but can also mitigate arsenic exposure through controlled leaching.

Firing Increases Arsenic Leaching from Ceramic Water Filters via Arsenic and Iron Phase Transformations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael V. Schaefer ◽  
Macon J. Abernathy ◽  
Dominique Nguyen ◽  
Thida Cornell ◽  
Samantha C. Ying
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Iron Phase ◽  
Water Filters ◽  
Arsenic Leaching

Ceramic Water Filters as a Response Technology to Geo-Hazards

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
E. McBean ◽  
◽  
G. Huang ◽  
Yongping Li ◽  
Yanfeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Water Filters

Virus removal efficiency of ceramic water filters: effects of bentonite turbidity

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Farrow ◽  
Edward McBean ◽  
Hamidreza Salsali
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Virus Removal ◽  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Water Filters

Ceramic water filters (CWFs) are utilized in many developing countries as point-of-use (POU) water treatment devices, to reduce waterborne pathogens in potable water. Virus removal efficiencies of several CWFs are investigated under various influent conditions using MS2 (ATCC: 15597-B1) as a surrogate phage for human enteric viruses. The addition of bentonite turbidity (6–8 NTU) in the influent source water showed increased viral removal efficiency of CWFs by 0.1–0.2 log compared to tests involving clear (<1 NTU) influents. Trials employing an applied clay cake layer, formed using highly turbid influent source water (100 NTU) and no cleaning regime between trials, resulted in viral removal efficiency values of 1.5–2.5 log, compared to 0.2–0.5 log during non-obstructed trials.

scholarly journals Arsenic-Related Health Risk Assessment of Realgar-Containing NiuHuangJieDu Tablets in Healthy Volunteers Po Administration

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Wu ◽  
Ruoning Yan ◽  
Rong Guan ◽  
Yi Du ◽  
Yuexin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Arsenic Speciation ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Total Arsenic ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence

Realgar, an arsenic-containing traditional Chinese medicine of As2S2, has significant therapeutic effects for hundreds of years. NiuHuangJieDu tablets (NHJDT) is one of the most commonly prescribed realgar-containing preparations for the treatment of sore throat, swelling, and aching of gums. However, realgar-containing TCMs raise great safety concerns due to the adverse effects reported by arsenic poisoning. In this study, the arsenic-related health risk assessment of NHJDT was conducted in healthy volunteers after single and multiple doses oral administration. Blood, plasma, and urine samples were collected after dosing at predetermined time points or periods. Simple, rapid, and sensitive methods were established for the quantification of total arsenic and arsenic speciation in biological samples. The total arsenic and arsenic speciation were determined by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) and high-performance liquid chromatography–hydride generation–atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS), respectively. No significant fluctuation of total arsenic was observed in human blood, and no traces of arsenic speciation were found in human plasma. Dimethylarsenic acid was detected as the predominated arsenic species in human urine after dosing. Therapeutic dose administration of NHJDT was relatively safe in single dose for the limited blood arsenic exposure, but long-term medication may still pose health risks due to the accumulation of arsenics in blood and its extremely slow excretion rate. Therefore, arsenic exposure should be carefully monitored during realgar-containing TCM medication, especially for long-term regimen. The results obtained in this study will provide scientific references for the clinical application of realgar and its-containing TCMs.

scholarly journals Performance of black ceramic water filters and their implementation in rural Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Guerrero-Latorre ◽  
Priscila Balseca-Enriquez ◽  
Carlos Moyota-Tello ◽  
Ronald Bravo-Camino ◽  
Stephanie Davila-Chavez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Field Level ◽  
Water Filters

Abstract In rural Ecuador, microbial water contamination is associated with child morbidity mainly due to gastroenteritis. Black ceramic water filters (BCWF) are a new household water treatment recently developed to improve microbial removal from the classical model implemented worldwide. This study has assessed BCWF microbial performance at laboratory level by continuous filtering of spiked water with microbial surrogates (Escherichia coli and MS2 bacteriophage) and highly contaminated surface water to evaluate physicochemical pollutants' removal. At field level, baseline studies in Nanegal and Gualea districts have been performed to evaluate water quality and hygiene practices among communities and a six-month BCWF field implementation study in the Santa Marianita community. Results revealed poor drinking water quality in communities studied. Water treatment practices at household level were reported in low percentages. Conversely, results in BCWF filter assays at laboratory level for 600 litres of usage have shown 5.36 logarithms of bacterial removal and 3.83 logarithms for viral removal and significant reductions of physicochemical pollutants considering international standards. BCWF implementation in the Santa Marianita community reveals promising results on microbial water quality in households using this new technology. However, it is important to reinforce correct BCWF maintenance for better performance at field level.

Development of improved low-cost ceramic water filters for viral removal in the Haitian context

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Guerrero-Latorre ◽  
M. Rusiñol ◽  
A. Hundesa ◽  
M. Garcia-Valles ◽  
S. Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Virus Removal ◽  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Reductive Atmosphere ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Water Filters

Household-based water treatment (HWT) is increasingly being promoted to improve water quality and, therefore, health status in low-income countries. Ceramic water filters (CWFs) are used in many regions as sustainable HWT and have been proven to meet World Health Organization (WHO) microbiological performance targets for bacterial removal (2–4 log); however, the described viral removal efficiencies are insufficient to significantly reduce the associated risk of viral infection. With the objective of improving the viral removal efficiencies of ceramic water filters, new prototypes with different oxide compositions and firing atmospheres have been developed and evaluated. For removal efficiencies human adenoviruses, MS2 bacteriophage and Escherichia coli were quantified in all prototypes. A new model of CWF that was fired in a reductive atmosphere presented virus and bacteria removal efficiencies greater than 3.0 log and 2.5 log, respectively, which would fulfill the viral targets that are recommended by the WHO. Ceramic characterization of the selected filters, which were fired in a reductive atmosphere, showed that a larger specific surface area than those of control filters and higher fraction of a positive Z-potential fraction are the most likely explanations for this increase in virus removal.

Impact of chlorination on silver elution from ceramic water filters

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 471-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie A. Lyon-Marion ◽  
Anjuliee M. Mittelman ◽  
Justine Rayner ◽  
Daniele S. Lantagne ◽  
Kurt D. Pennell
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Water Filters ◽  
Water Filters

Application of artificial intelligence method to develop a reliable model for spatially assessing the health risk from arsenic exposure via drinking groundwater

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Ping Liang ◽  
Chi-Chien Sun ◽  
Jui-Sheng Chen ◽  
Yi-Yu Xie
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Reliable Model

<p><span>Lanyang Plain in northwestern Taiwan is an intensively productive agricultural area, most from the cultivation of crops and aquaculture. Groundwater </span><span>fi</span></p>

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