Life cycle assessment (LCA) of urban water infrastructure: emerging approaches to balance objectives and inform comprehensive decision-making

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M. Byrne ◽  
Hannah A. C. Lohman ◽  
Sherri M. Cook ◽  
Gregory M. Peters ◽  
Jeremy S. Guest
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Water System ◽  
The State ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Water System ◽  
System Sustainability

This review describes the state of the art, identifies emerging opportunities, and develops a path forward for LCA to better address urban water system sustainability.

scholarly journals Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Framework for the Integrated Urban Water System

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.6) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Pooja Shrivastava ◽  
M K. Verma ◽  
Meena Murmu ◽  
Ishtiyaq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water System ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Dynamic Feedback ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Urban Water System ◽  
Spatially Distributed

Over the past century urban water system of developed and developing cities are under increasing stress as water dearth.  The estimation of possible solutions for water management in megacities requires the spatially distributed dynamic and grid-based replication of the evolution of public water infrastructure under consideration of changes (e.g. climate, global, environment, economy, and land-use). These simulations can be realized with the help of frameworks for integrated urban water system. The MCDA framework for integrated approaches of urban water system is characterized as single system (COMBINED SEWER SYSTEM) and entire system (WATER DISTRIBUTION, SEWER NETWORK etc.) investigation with consideration of decentralized system and spatial-temporal interactions and the dynamic feedback of population models to water infrastructure. Urban water system needs the frame work which will meet the sustainable needs of future. The present work identifies the best solutions for existing problems in urban water infrastructure while making interaction with stakeholders to reach sustainable framework for urban water management in this water dearth regions. This framework will provide new knowledge of sustainable integration system between the social and environmental issues.  

KALLISTO: cost effective and integrated optimization of the urban wastewater system Eindhoven

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Weijers ◽  
J. de Jonge ◽  
O. van Zanten ◽  
L. Benedetti ◽  
J. Langeveld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Water System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Urban Water System ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Project Strategy

The Kallisto project aims at finding cost effective sets of measures to meet the WFD derived goals for the river De Dommel. The project reasons from the both acute and long term impacts of the urban wastewater system on the quality and ecology of the river that are studied with an integral monitoring campaign in the wastewater system (WWTP and sewers) and river. By applying impact based RTC, the project aims at minimizing additional investments in infrastructure while meeting the requirements. Moreover, uncertainty is explicitly considered in the optimization and decision making process. The paper describes the overall project strategy, some preliminary results of modelling and monitoring of the components of the urban water system and the demonstration research for treatment techniques and the planned integration into optimization and decision making.

Deterministic modelling of integrated urban drainage systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rauch ◽  
J.-L. Bertrand-Krajewski ◽  
P. Krebs ◽  
O. Mark ◽  
W. Schilling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Water System ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Urban Water System ◽  
Deterministic Modelling ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sheer Size

Today, the main concepts required for describing the dynamics of drainage in an entire urban area are known and models are available that can reasonably simulate the behaviour of the urban water system. Still, such integrated modelling is a complex exercise not only due to the sheer size of the model, but also due to the different modelling approaches that reflect the history of the sub-models used and of the purpose they were built for. The paper reviews the state of the art in deterministic modelling, outlines experiences and discusses problems and future developments.

An Integrated Model of Urban Water-Wastewater-Stormwater-Energy Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpad Horvath ◽  
Aysegul Petek Gursel ◽  
Camille Chaudron ◽  
Ioanna Kavvada
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Water System ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water System ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Stormwater Control Measures ◽  
Stormwater Control

<p>The urban water system is complex, comprised of water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, and stormwater management (to avoid combined sewer overflow, flooding, and water quality permit violations). These components are often managed by separate agencies and companies, with their respective goals and budgets. In fact, they should all be working together towards the same overarching objective of urban water systems: to provide water to people and the economy for both indoor and outdoor uses at the lowest economic and energy costs and at the lowest achievable level of pollution.</p><p>We present an integrated model of urban water systems that accounts for changes in population, water consumption patterns, water saving technologies, raw water sources, water and wastewater treatment technologies, decentralization of wastewater treatment plants, water reuse demand, stormwater control measures, economic activities, electricity and other energy supply, landscape, weather, and climate. The methodological basis includes environmental life-cycle assessment (LCA) and life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA). The model is globally applicable. For effective decision making, we have created a decision making tool with an extensive, very detailed database to allow for specific, holistic analyses of the unique demographic, economic, and physical characteristics of urban areas.</p><p>The target audience for our model, tool, and results includes the government planners and regulators of the urban water system, water and wastewater agencies and companies, urban users of water (both individuals and companies), and real estate developers.</p><p>Through case studies of cities in different regions and climates over time, we show that water consumption does not have to follow population growth, in fact, it has dropped in many cities where the average per-person water consumption has been reduced due to water conservation measures. Water withdrawal and potable water production in some cities are more than four times more energy intensive than in others, and the energy intensity is expected to increase in many parts of the world due to droughts and overwhelmed water sources. Due to differing electricity mixes and corresponding greenhouse gas emissions, the average per-person water consumption in some cities is more than four times more impactful than in others, but reductions are feasible. Tailoring water quality to an application is a key to lowering energy and emissions. We show how we can diversify irrigation sources for agricultural production in and around cities, including the potential energy and emissions implications of wastewater recycling. Using the integrated decision support tool (i-DST), which allows for the comprehensive life-cycle cost and environmental assessment of gray, green, and hybrid stormwater control measures, we can estimate the needed investments in the gray and green infrastructure, and find that in areas with water scarcity, stromwater is a viable source of water.</p>

Towards sustainability in urban water: a life cycle analysis of the urban water system of Alexandria City, Egypt

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1100-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El-Sayed Mohamed Mahgoub ◽  
Nico Peter van der Steen ◽  
Khaled Abu-Zeid ◽  
Kala Vairavamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Water System ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water System ◽  
Alexandria City

scholarly journals Applicability of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Decision Making for Integrated Urban Water System in a city

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1317-1322
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Structure ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Urban Water System ◽  
Hierarchy Process

The urban water system is a complex and dynamic for planning of an integrated framework. This paper illustrates Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique as a decision-making tool for the municipality’s urban water based on four different criteria i.e. economic, environmental, social, and sustainability to support stakeholders and water utility experts. Due to insufficient funds for the urban water planning, prioritization problems arise and for this hierarchical network represents with prioritization criterion to implement an alternative solution. Saaty’s analytical hierarchy process (AHP) hypothesis is explaining in the study with Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and adoptable the alternatives through highest priority value. According to the AHP theory, all required criteria are ranking and preparing the list of alternatives to select the most prioritized solution to carry out in the plan of the urban water policy. Along with a consistency, a check of the final judgment is still carrying out by sensitivity evaluation of the synthesis model even if there are changes in decisions. The study find out the best workable solutions for existing issues in the urban water structure by promoting an interface between water users and stakeholders to reach a sustainable strategy in the city. AHP technique not only finds the important of each criterion but still comparing the criteria weights regarding objectives and alternatives. This application of AHP will ease the policymakers and stakeholders in the governing process for next-generation urban water system planning and designing by providing a framework and support to prepare a city master plan.

scholarly journals Sustainable Agri-Food Processes and Circular Economy Pathways in a Life Cycle Perspective: State of the Art of Applicative Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2472
Author(s):  
Teodora Stillitano ◽  
Emanuele Spada ◽  
Nathalie Iofrida ◽  
Giacomo Falcone ◽  
Anna Irene De Luca
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis

This study aims at providing a systematic and critical review on the state of the art of life cycle applications from the circular economy point of view. In particular, the main objective is to understand how researchers adopt life cycle approaches for the measurement of the empirical circular pathways of agri-food systems along with the overall lifespan. To perform the literature review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was considered to conduct a review by qualitative synthesis. Specifically, an evaluation matrix has been set up to gather and synthesize research evidence, by classifying papers according to several integrated criteria. The literature search was carried out employing scientific databases. The findings highlight that 52 case studies out of 84 (62% of the total) use stand-alone life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate the benefits/impacts of circular economy (CE) strategies. In contrast, only eight studies (9.5%) deal with the life cycle costing (LCC) approach combined with other analyses while no paper deals with the social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) methodology. Global warming potential, eutrophication (for marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems), human toxicity, and ecotoxicity results are the most common LCA indicators applied. Only a few articles deal with the CE assessment through specific indicators. We argue that experts in life cycle methodologies must strive to adopt some key elements to ensure that the results obtained fit perfectly with the measurements of circularity and that these can even be largely based on a common basis.

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