scholarly journals Carbon capture and storage (CCS): the way forward

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1062-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Bui ◽  
Claire S. Adjiman ◽  
André Bardow ◽  
Edward J. Anthony ◽  
Andy Boston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Negative Emissions ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
The Way

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is vital to climate change mitigation, and has application across the economy, in addition to facilitating atmospheric carbon dioxide removal resulting in emissions offsets and net negative emissions. This contribution reviews the state-of-the-art and identifies key challenges which must be overcome in order to pave the way for its large-scale deployment.

scholarly journals The climate change mitigation potential of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1023-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Hanssen ◽  
V. Daioglou ◽  
Z. J. N. Steinmann ◽  
J. C. Doelman ◽  
D. P. Van Vuuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Change Mitigation

The 1.5°C Target, Political Implications, and the Role of BECCS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Fuss
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Budget ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Direct Air Capture ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Negative Emissions ◽  
Air Capture ◽  
And Storage

The 2°C target for global warming had been under severe scrutiny in the run-up to the climate negotiations in Paris in 2015 (COP21). Clearly, with a remaining carbon budget of 470–1,020 GtCO2eq from 2015 onwards for a 66% probability of stabilizing at concentration levels consistent with remaining below 2°C warming at the end of the 21st century and yearly emissions of about 40 GtCO2 per year, not much room is left for further postponing action. Many of the low stabilization pathways actually resort to the extraction of CO2 from the atmosphere (known as negative emissions or Carbon Dioxide Removal [CDR]), mostly by means of Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS): if the biomass feedstock is produced sustainably, the emissions would be low or even carbon-neutral, as the additional planting of biomass would sequester about as much CO2 as is generated during energy generation. If additionally carbon capture and storage is applied, then the emissions balance would be negative. Large BECCS deployment thus facilitates reaching the 2°C target, also allowing for some flexibility in other sectors that are difficult to decarbonize rapidly, such as the agricultural sector. However, the large reliance on BECCS has raised uneasiness among policymakers, the public, and even scientists, with risks to sustainability being voiced as the prime concern. For example, the large-scale deployment of BECCS would require vast areas of land to be set aside for the cultivation of biomass, which is feared to conflict with conservation of ecosystem services and with ensuring food security in the face of a still growing population.While the progress that has been made in Paris leading to an agreement on stabilizing “well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels” and “pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C” was mainly motivated by the extent of the impacts, which are perceived to be unacceptably high for some regions already at lower temperature increases, it has to be taken with a grain of salt: moving to 1.5°C will further shrink the time frame to act and BECCS will play an even bigger role. In fact, aiming at 1.5°C will substantially reduce the remaining carbon budget previously indicated for reaching 2°C. Recent research on the biophysical limits to BECCS and also other negative emissions options such as Direct Air Capture indicates that they all run into their respective bottlenecks—BECCS with respect to land requirements, but on the upside producing bioenergy as a side product, while Direct Air Capture does not need much land, but is more energy-intensive. In order to provide for the negative emissions needed for achieving the 1.5°C target in a sustainable way, a portfolio of negative emissions options needs to minimize unwanted effects on non–climate policy goals.

scholarly journals Carbon farming in hot, dry coastal areas: an option for climate change mitigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1221-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Becker ◽  
V. Wulfmeyer ◽  
T. Berger ◽  
J. Gebel ◽  
W. Münch
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Change Mitigation

Abstract. We present a comprehensive, interdisciplinary project which demonstrates that large-scale plantations of Jatropha curcas – if established in hot, dry coastal areas around the world – could capture 17–25 tonnes of carbon dioxide per hectare per year from the atmosphere (averaged over 20 yr). Based on recent farming results it is confirmed that the Jatropha curcas plant is well adapted to harsh environments and is capable of growing alone or in combination with other tree and shrub species with minimal irrigation in hot deserts where rain occurs only sporadically. Our investigations indicate that there is sufficient unused and marginal land for the widespread cultivation of Jatropha curcas to reduce significantly the current upward trend in atmospheric CO2 levels. In a system in which desalinated seawater is used for irrigation and for delivery of mineral nutrients, the sequestration costs were estimated to range from 42–63 € per tonne CO2. This result makes carbon farming a technology that is competitive with carbon capture and storage (CCS). In addition, high-resolution simulations using an advanced land-surface-atmosphere model indicate that a 10 000 km2 plantation could produce a reduction in mean surface temperature and an onset or increase in rain and dew fall at a regional level.

scholarly journals Promoting Public Awareness of Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies in the Russian Federation: A System of Educational Activities

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Yurii Vasilev ◽  
Alexey Cherepovitsyn ◽  
Anna Tsvetkova ◽  
Nadejda Komendantova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Storage Technologies ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Change Mitigation

The latest technologies for climate change mitigation are carbon capture and storage (CCS). Some countries are developing CCS projects, and they are currently at different stages of deployment. Despite the signing of international agreements on climate change mitigation, Russia’s efforts to develop and implement CCS technologies are quite limited. Therefore, it is vital that people are aware of the importance of carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage. The purpose of this article is to produce guidelines and toolkits to form a system of measures aimed at raising awareness of the Russian society on carbon dioxide capture and storage technologies. The paper discusses the key findings of several recent studies on the topic, e.g., a study focusing on the level of environmental consciousness among St. Petersburg students; a content analysis of the Russian school textbooks; a study of environmental groups in Russian social media; and an experimental study on creating eco-comics and posters as educational tools for promoting environmental awareness. A multi-level system of educational activities is proposed, including events for preschoolers, schoolchildren, students, and adults.

scholarly journals Carbon farming in hot, dry coastal areas: an option for climate change mitigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Becker ◽  
V. Wulfmeyer ◽  
T. Berger ◽  
J. Gebel ◽  
W. Münch
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Change Mitigation

Abstract. We present a comprehensive, interdisciplinary project which demonstrates that large-scale plantations of Jatropha curcas – if established in hot, dry coastal areas around the world – could capture 17–25 t of carbon dioxide per hectare per year from the atmosphere (over a 20 yr period). Based on recent farming results it is confirmed that the Jatropha curcas plant is well adapted to harsh environments and is capable of growing alone or in combination with other tree and shrub species with minimal irrigation in hot deserts where rain occurs only sporadically. Our investigations indicate that there is sufficient unused and marginal land for the widespread cultivation of Jatropha curcas to have a significant impact on atmospheric CO2 levels at least for several decades. In a system in which desalinated seawater is used for irrigation and for delivery of mineral nutrients, the sequestration costs were estimated to range from 42–63 EUR per tonne CO2. This result makes carbon farming a technology that is competitive with carbon capture and storage (CCS). In addition, high-resolution simulations using an advanced land-surface–atmosphere model indicate that a 10 000 km2 plantation could produce a reduction in mean surface temperature and an onset or increase in rain and dew fall at a regional level. In such areas, plant growth and CO2 storage could continue until permanent woodland or forest had been established. In other areas, salinization of the soil may limit plant growth to 2–3 decades whereupon irrigation could be ceased and the captured carbon stored as woody biomass.

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