Synthesis, characterization and in vitro and in vivo photodynamic activities of a gallium(iii) tris(ethoxycarbonyl)corrole

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (29) ◽  
pp. 9481-9490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Hua-Hua Wang ◽  
Hua-Jun Yu ◽  
Yu-Zhen Xiong ◽  
Hai-Tao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Signaling Cascade ◽  
Highly Effective

A gallium(iii) tris(ethoxycarbonyl)corrole is a highly effective photosensitizer against A549 cancer cells via p38 MAPK signaling cascade pathways.

scholarly journals Probiotic Aspergillus oryzae produces anti-tumor mediator and exerts anti-tumor effects in pancreatic cancer through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Konishi ◽  
Shotaro Isozaki ◽  
Shin Kashima ◽  
Kentaro Moriichi ◽  
Satoshi Ichikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Heptelidic Acid

AbstractIntake of probiotics or fermented food produced by some probiotic bacteria is believed to exert anti-tumor functions in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer, because several studies have demonstrated the anti-tumor effects of probiotic bacteria in vitro and in vivo in animal carcinogenesis models. However, the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of probiotics on pancreatic cancer have not been clarified. In this study, we assessed the anti-tumor effects of probiotic bacteria against pancreatic cancer cells. Among the known probiotic bacteria, Aspergillus oryzae exhibited a strong pancreatic tumor suppression effect. The culture supernatant of A. oryzae was separated by HPLC. Heptelidic acid was identified as an anti-tumor molecule derived from A. oryzae by LC–MS and NMR analysis. The anti-tumor effect of heptelidic acid was exhibited in vitro and in vivo in a xenograft model of pancreatic cancer cells. The anti-tumor effect of heptelidic acid was exerted by the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Heptelidic acid traverses the intestinal mucosa and exerts anti-tumor effects on pancreatic cancer cells. This is a novel anti-tumor mechanism induced by beneficial bacteria against pancreatic cancer in which bacterial molecules pass through the intestinal tract, reach the extra-intestinal organs, and then induce apoptosis via an inducible signaling pathway.

scholarly journals An Integration of Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification to Investigate the Mechanism of Guizhi to Treat Nephrotic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan He ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Guangli Du ◽  
Guofeng Meng ◽  
Jijia Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Mapk Signaling

Background: Guizhi has the pharmacological activity of anti-inflammatory. However, the effect mechanism of Guizhi against nephrotic syndrome (NS) remains unclear. A network pharmacological approach with experimental verification in vitro and in vivo was performed to investigate the potential mechanisms of Guizhi to treat NS.Methods: Active compounds and potential targets of Guizhi, as well as the related targets of NS were obtained from the public databases. The intersecting targets of Guizhi and NS were obtained through Venny 2.1.0. The key targets and signaling pathways were determined by protein-protein interaction (PPI), genes ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis. And the overall network was constructed with Cytoscape. Molecular docking verification was carried out by AutoDock Vina. Finally, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to verify the mechanism of Guizhi to treat NS.Results: 63 intersecting targets were obtained, and the top five key targets mainly involed in NF- Kappa B and MAPK signaling pathway. In the overall network, cinnamaldehyde (CA) was the top one active compound with the highest degree value. The molecular docking showed that the top five key targets were of good binding activity with the active components of Guizhi. To in vitro experiment, CA, the main active component of Guizhi, inhibited the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α in LPS challenged RAW264.7 cells, and down regulated the protein expression of p-NF-κB p65 and p-p38 MAPK in LPS challenged RAW264.7 cells. In vitro experiment showed that, 24 urinary protein and renal function were increased in ADR group. To western blot, CA down regulated the protein expression of p-p38 MAPK in rats of adriamycin-induced nephropathy.Conclusion: CA might be the main active component of Guizhi to treat NS, and the underlying mechanism might mainly be achieved by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway.

scholarly journals The protective role of microRNA-21 against coxsackievirus B3 infection through targeting the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng He ◽  
Zonghui Xiao ◽  
Hailan Yao ◽  
Sen Li ◽  
Miao Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Apoptosis Rate ◽  
Cvb3 Infection ◽  
Interfering Rna

Abstract Background The P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway plays an essential role in CVB3-induced diseases. We previously demonstrated microRNA-21 has potential inhibitory effect on the MAP2K3 which locates upstream of P38 MAPK and was upregulated in mouse hearts upon CVB3 infection. However, the effect and underlying mechanism of miRNA-21 on CVB3 infection remain unclear. Methods We detected continuous changes of cellular miRNA-21 and P38 MAPK proteins expression profiling post CVB3 infection in vitro within 12 h. P38 MAPK signaling was inhibited by the specific inhibitor, small interfering RNA and miRNA-21 mimic in vitro, CVB3 replication, cell apoptosis rate and proliferation were detected. Viral load in the mice heart, cardiomyocyte apoptosis rate and histological of the heart were also detected in the mice model of viral myocarditis pretreated with miRNA-21-lentivirus. Results We observed significant upregulation of miRNA-21 expression followed by suppression of the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling in CVB3-infected Hela cells. The inactivation of the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling by P38 MAPK specific inhibitor, small interfering RNA against MAP2K3, or miRNA-21 overexpression significantly inhibited viral progeny release from CVB3-infected cells. Mechanistically, when compared with control miRNA, miRNA-21 showed no effect on capsid protein VP1 expression and viral load within host cells, while significantly reversing CVB3-induced caspase-3 activation and cell apoptosis rate, further promoting proliferation of infected cells, which indicates the inhibitory effect of miRNA-21 on CVB3 progeny release. In the in vivo study, when compared with control miRNA, miRNA-21 pretreatment remarkably inactivated the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling in mice and protected them against CVB3 infection as evidenced by significantly alleviated cell apoptosis rate, reduced viral titers, necrosis in the heart as well as by remarkably prolonged survival time. Conclusions miRNA-21 were reverse correlated with P38 MAPK activation post CVB3 infection, miRNA-21 overexpression significantly inhibited viral progeny release and decreased myocytes apoptosis rate in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that miRNA-21 may serve as a potential therapeutic agent against CVB3 infection through targeting the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling.

scholarly journals Antitumor properties of salinomycin on cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: Involvement of p38 MAPK activation

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1371-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEI ZHANG ◽  
XUEYA WANG ◽  
FENGFENG CAI ◽  
WEIJIE CHEN ◽  
ULI LOESCH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Mapk Activation ◽  
Antitumor Properties

scholarly journals Clinical candidates of small molecule p38 MAPK inhibitors for inflammatory diseases

MAP Kinase ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xing
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
P38 Mapk Inhibitors

The trigger and etiology of chronic inflammatory diseases are not well understood, hindering the development of efficient therapeutic approaches. The observation that abnormal activity of the p38 MAPK is common to all inflammatory diseases raised the expectation that p38 inhibitors would serve as general anti-inflammatory therapeutics. A large number of inhibitors were consequently discovered. Several compounds of different scaffolds, blocking the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, have entered phase II clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pain, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. As I review here, in almost all cases the clinical trials have failed, leading to re-design of compounds and re-evaluation of p38 as a suitable target. I describe how structural features, unique to p38<span>α</span>, have been employed in the inhibitor design and achieved high degree of kinome selectivity. I then focus on some of the drugs that reached human trials and summarize their <em>in vitro/in vivo</em> pharmacological profiles and the related outcomes from clinical investigations. These compounds include VX-745, VX-702, RO-4402257, SCIO- 469, BIRB-796, SD-0006, PH-797804, AMG-548, LY2228820, SB-681323 and GW-856553. Finally, I discuss novel suggested approaches for the use of p38 inhibitors such as combining p38 inhibition with inhibiting other targets that function in parallel inflammatory pathways for achieving efficacy in treating inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Forkhead Box Protein C2 (FOXC2) Promotes the Resistance of Human Ovarian Cancer Cells to Cisplatin In Vitro and In Vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanjuan Li ◽  
Hongjuan Ding ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
Lili Wu ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
Mapk Signaling Pathways

Background/Aims: FOXC2 has been reported to play a role in tumor progression, but the correlations of FOXC2 with the cisplatin (CDDP) resistance of ovarian cancer cells are still unclear. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the roles of FOXC2 in the CDDP resistance of ovarian cancer cells and its possible mechanisms. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of FOXC2 mRNA in CDDP-resistant or sensitive ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines (SKOV3/CDDP and SKOV3). Gain- and loss-of-function assays were performed to analyze the effects of FOXC2 knockdown or overexpression on the in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to CDDP and its possible molecular mechanisms. Results: The relative expression level of FOXC2 mRNA in CDDP-resistant ovarian cancer tissues was higher than that in CDDP-sensitive tissues. Also, the expression of FOXC2 mRNA and protein in CDDP-resistant ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV3/CDDP) cell line was higher than that in its parental cell line (SOKV3). Small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated FOXC2 knockdown significantly increased the in vitro and in vive sensitivity of SKOV3/CDDP cells to CDDP by enhancing apoptosis, while upregulation of FOXC2 significantly decreased the in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of SKOV3 cells to CDDP by reducing apoptosis. Furthermore, FOXC2 activates the Akt and MAPK signaling pathways, and then induced the decreased expression of Bcl-2 protein and the increased expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 proteins. Conclusions: FOXC2 mediates the CDDP resistance of ovarian cancer cells by activation of the Akt and MAPK signaling pathways, and may be a potential novel therapeutic target for overcoming CDDP resistance in human ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Timosaponin AIII Induces G2/M Arrest and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer by Activating the ATM/Chk2 and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjie Zhang ◽  
Jiaxi Qu ◽  
Zhiwei Gao ◽  
Qi Qi ◽  
Hong Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Mapk Pathways ◽  
Phase Arrest ◽  
M Phase ◽  
Timosaponin Aiii

Timosaponin AIII (TAIII), a steroidal saponin, exerts potent anti-tumor activity in various cancers, especially breast cancer. However, the concrete molecular mechanisms of TAIII against breast cancer are still unclear. Here, we find that TAIII triggers DNA damage, leads to G2/M arrest, and ultimately induces apoptosis in breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. TAIII induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells accompanied with down-regulation of CyclinB1, Cdc2 and Cdc25C. Further data showed that the ATM/Chk2 and p38 pathways were activated representing by up-regulated levels of p-H2A.X and p-p38, which indicated an induction of DNA damage by TAIII, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The effects of TAIII were further confirmed by employing inhibitors of ATM and p38 pathways. In vivo, TAIII suppressed the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumor without obvious toxicity, which indicated by Ki67 and TUNEL analysis. Data also showed that TAIII stimulated the ATM/Chk2 and p38 MAPK pathways in vivo, which in consistent with the effects in vitro. Hence, our data demonstrate that TAIII triggers DNA damage and activates ATM/Chk2 and p38 MAPK pathways, and then induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer, which provide theoretical evidence for TAIII utilized as drug against breast cancer.

scholarly journals RND2 attenuates apoptosis and autophagy in glioblastoma cells by targeting p38 MAPK signaling pathway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xu ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
Fan’en Yuan ◽  
Huimin Dong ◽  
Huikai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Mapk Signalling

Abstract Background: Inhibition of p38 MAPK signalling leads to glioblastoma multiform (GBM) tumourigenesis. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism that induces p38 MAPK signalling pathway silencing during GBM genesis has yet to be determined. Identifying new factors that can regulate p38 MAPK signalling is important for tumour treatment. Methods: Flow cytometry, TUNEL assays, immunofluorescence, JC-1 assays, and western blot analyses were used to detect the apoptosis of GBM cells. The specific methods used to detect autophagy levels in GBM cells were western blot analysis, LC3B protein immunofluorescence, LC3B puncta assays and transmission electron microscopy. The functions of these critical molecules were further confirmed in vivo by intracranial xenografts in nude mice. Tumour tissue samples and clinical information were used to identify the correlation between RND2 and p62 and LC3B expression, survival time of patients, and tumour volumes in clinical patients. Results: By summarizing data from the TCGA database, we found that expression of the small GTPase RND2 was significantly increased in human glioblastomas. Our study demonstrated that RND2 functions as an endogenous repressor of the p38 MAPK phosphorylation complex. RND2 physically interacted with p38 and decreased p38 phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting p38 MAPK signalling activities.The forced expression of RND2 repressed p38 MAPK signalling, which inhibited glioblastoma cell autophagy and apoptosis in vitro and induced tumour growth in the xenografted mice in vivo . By contrast, the downregulation of RND2 enhanced p38 MAPK signalling activities and promoted glioma cell autophagy and apoptosis. The inhibition of p38 phosphorylation abolished RND2 deficiency-mediated GBM cell autophagy and apoptosis. Most importantly, our study found that RND2 expression was inversely correlated with patient survival time and was positively correlated with tumour size. Conclusions: Our findings revealed a new function for RND2 in GBM cell death and offered mechanistic insights into the inhibitory effects of RND2 with regard to the regulation of p38 MAPK activation.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Astragaloside IV on High Glucose-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction via Inhibition of P2X7R Dependent P38 MAPK Signaling Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Bin Leng ◽  
Cong Li ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Kun Zhao ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Astragaloside Iv ◽  
Diabetic Model

Vascular endothelial dysfunction is associated with increased mortality in patients with diabetes. Astragaloside IV (As-IV) is a bioactive saponin with therapeutic potential as an anti-inflammatory and antiendothelial dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism for how As-IV ameliorated endothelial dysfunction is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we examined the protective effect of As-IV against endothelial dysfunction and explored potential molecular biology mechanism. In vivo, rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 65 mg/kg body weight to establish a diabetic model. In vitro studies, rat aortic endothelial cells (RAOEC) were pretreated with As-IV, SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) for 2 h prior to the addition of high glucose (33 mM glucose). Our findings indicated that As-IV improved impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation and increased the levels of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) both in vivo and in vitro. Besides, As-IV treatment inhibited the elevated inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic model both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, As-IV administration reversed the upregulated expression of P2X7R and p-p38 MAPK in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the effects of both P2X7R siRNA and SB203580 on endothelial cells were similar to As-IV. Collectively, our study demonstrated that As-IV rescued endothelial dysfunction induced by high glucose via inhibition of P2X7R dependent p38 MAPK signaling pathway. This provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the vascular endothelial protective effects of As-IV.

scholarly journals TREM-2-p38 MAPK signaling regulates neuroinflammation during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion combined with diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Zhang ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Yaling Zheng ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Yu Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Hypoperfusion

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion(CCH)are both risk factors for cognitive impairment. However, whether DM and CCH can synergistically promote cognitive impairment and the related pathological mechanisms remain unknown. Methods To investigate the effect of DM and CCH on cognitive function, rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD) and injected with low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) followed by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) were induced to mimic DM and CCH in vivo and mouse BV2 microglial cells were exposed to hypoxia and/or high glucose to mimic CCH complicated with DM pathologies in vitro. To further explore the underlying mechanism, TREM-2-specific small interfering RNA and TREM-2 overexpression lentivirus were used to knock out and overexpress TREM-2, respectively. Results Cognitive deficits, neuronal cell death, neuroinflammation with microglial activation, and TREM-2-MAPK signaling were enhanced when DM was superimposed on CCH both in vivo and in vitro. Manipulating TREM-2 expression levels markedly regulated the p38 MAPK signaling and the inflammatory response in vitro. TREM-2 knockout intensified while TREM-2 overexpression suppressed the p38 MAPK signaling and subsequent pro-inflammatory mediator production under high glucose and hypoxia condition. Conclusions These results suggest that TREM-2 negatively regulates p38 MAPK-mediated inflammatory response when DM was synergistically superimposed on CCH and highlight the importance of TREM-2 as a potential target of immune regulation in DM and CCH.

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