Recent progress on upgrading of bio-oil to hydrocarbons over metal/zeolite bifunctional catalysts

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2385-2415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanchun Shi ◽  
Enhui Xing ◽  
Kejing Wu ◽  
Jianlong Wang ◽  
Mingde Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Bifunctional Catalysts ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Bio Oil

Upgrading of bio-oil over metal/zeolite bi-functional catalysts, is of high necessity and popularity in converting biomass to high-quality hydrocarbons (transportation fuels and petrochemicals) to reduce the overall CO2 emissions of fossil based materials.

Recent progress on biomass co-pyrolysis conversion into high-quality bio-oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 645-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hassan ◽  
J.K. Lim ◽  
B.H. Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Bio Oil

scholarly journals Novel Cs2HfCl6 Crystal Scintillator: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Physics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-351
Author(s):  
Serge Nagorny
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Light Output ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Pulse Shape Discrimination ◽  
Main Element ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Crystal Sample ◽  
Discrimination Ability

Recent progress in Cs2HfCl6 (CHC) crystal production achieved within the last five years is presented. Various aspects have been analyzed, including the chemical purity of raw materials, purification methods, optimization of the growth and thermal conditions, crystal characterization, defect structure, and internal radioactive background. Large volume, crack-free, and high quality CHC crystals with an ultimate scintillating performance were produced as a result of such extensive research and development (R & D) program. For example, the CHC crystal sample with dimensions ∅23 × 30 mm3 demonstrates energy resolution of 3.2% FWHM at 662 keV, the relative light output at the level of 30,000 ph/MeV and excellent linearity down to 20 keV. Additionally, this material exhibits excellent pulse shape discrimination ability and low internal background of less than 1 Bq/kg. Furthermore, attempts to produce a high quality CHC crystal resulted in research on this material optimization by constitution of either alkali ions (Cs to Tl), or main element (Hf to Zr), or halogen ions (Cl to Br, I, or their mixture in different ratio), as well as doping with various active ions (Te4+, Ce3+, Eu3+, etc.). This leads to a range of new established scintillating materials, such as Tl2HfCl6, Tl2ZrCl6, Cs2HfCl4Br2, Cs2HfCl3Br3, Cs2ZrCl6, and Cs2HfI6. To exploit the whole potential of these compounds, detailed studies of the material’s fundamental properties, and understanding of the variety of the luminescence mechanisms are required. This will help to understand the origin of the high light yield and possible paths to further extend it. Perspectives of CHC crystals and related materials as detectors for rare nuclear processes are also discussed.

Recent progress of high-quality GaN substrates by HVPE method

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Fujikura ◽  
Takehiro Yoshida ◽  
Masatomo Shibata ◽  
Yohei Otoki
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
High Quality

Bauxite residue as a catalyst for microwave-assisted pyrolysis of switchgrass to high quality bio-oil and biochar

2021 ◽  
pp. 131294
Author(s):  
Badr A. Mohamed ◽  
Xiaotao Bi ◽  
Loretta Y. Li ◽  
Lijian Leng ◽  
El-Sayed Salama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bauxite Residue ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Bio Oil

Energy and Resources Recovery from Gasified Screenings and Toxic Sludge

2021 ◽  
Vol 1045 ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
Siviwe H. Bunge ◽  
James L. Topkin ◽  
Joshua Gorimbo ◽  
Diakanua B. Nkazi
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Management Options ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Oil Resources ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Before And After

Sludge and screenings management is increasingly becoming a dilemma due its accumulating and tightening environmental regulations that limit its disposal methods. Various sludge management options have been researched, ranging from incineration, thermochemical liquefaction, to pyrolysis and gasification. This work proposes syngas, bio-oil, chemical resources and bio-char production for beneficiation through gasification of a mixture of sludge and screenings at different ratios of 25/75, 50/50 and 75/25. It also studies mass loss and toxins possible destruction by gasification temperatures and reactions. Toxicity and CHNS analysis before and after gasification were aimed at finding sludge energy content, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), was to find sampling and stopping temperatures during gasification. The overall best results of high syngas quality (high LHV, H2, CO and CH4 contents) and high quality bio-oil (i.e. cleanest, with high crude oil equivalent bonds such as C1 up to C36 and higher applicable bio-oil resources and chemical species obtained) was achieved by a 75/25 ratio, followed by a 50/50 ratio. The results also showed some possibility of biological and chlorinated hydrocarbon toxins (PCBs and PAHs) break down as well as the reduction of sludge and screenings to about 32% of the initial mass. These results can be further investigated for syngas application in power generation and liquid fuel production. Char toxicity can be analysed for its application in agriculture and for its adsorption properties. Char can be analysed for the presence of metals in it.

Sustainability, Business Models, and Techno-Economic Analysis of Biomass Pyrolysis Technologies

2015 ◽  
pp. 298-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Garcia-Peréz ◽  
Jesus Alberto Garcia-Nunez ◽  
Manuel Raul Pelaez-Samaniego ◽  
Chad Eugene Kruger ◽  
Mark Raymond Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Life Cycle Assessments ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Sustainable Business Models ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
Pyrolysis Oils

The objective of this chapter is to review and discuss sustainability and techno-economic criteria to integrate pyrolysis, biochar activation, and bio-oil refining into sustainable business models. Several business models such as the production of biochar with heat recovery and bio-oil refining are discussed. Cost data needed by engineering practitioners to conduct enterprise-level financial analyses of different biomass pyrolysis economy models are presented. This chapter also reviews life cycle assessments of pyrolysis business models. If the feedstock used is produced sustainably and if the pyrolysis vapors are used for bio-oil or heat production, both, the production of biochar through slow pyrolysis and its use as a soil amendment to sequester carbon, and the production and refining of fast pyrolysis oils to produce transportation fuels could have a positive environmental impact.

A Review of Bio-Oil Production from Sewage Sludge

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1909-1918
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Guan Yi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Treatment Alternative ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Microwave Pyrolysis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis

Bio-oil production from sewage sludge provides a potential sludge treatment alternative, which shows advantages in both sludge treatment and energy recovery. The related technologies to convert sludge into high quality fuel or synthesized bio-diesel have been widely studied recently. In this paper, major effective technologies of low temperature pyrolysis, direct thermochemical liquefaction, microwave pyrolysis and transesterification had been reviewed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are discussed in detail.

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