scholarly journals Non-linear and non-local behaviour in spontaneously electrical solids

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 5112-5116 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Roman ◽  
S. Taj ◽  
M. Gutowski ◽  
M. R. S. McCoustra ◽  
A. C. Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Dipole Orientation ◽  
Local Behaviour ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Non Local

We show that solids displaying spontaneous dipole orientation possess quite general non-local and non-linear characteristics expressed through their internal electric fields.

scholarly journals Interaction of equivalence ratio fluctuations and flow fluctuations in acoustically forced swirl flames

2021 ◽  
pp. 175682772110155
Author(s):  
Vincent Kather ◽  
Finn Lückoff ◽  
Christian O. Paschereit ◽  
Kilian Oberleithner
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Mode Conversion ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Flow Fluctuations ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Acoustic Forcing

The generation and turbulent transport of temporal equivalence ratio fluctuations in a swirl combustor are experimentally investigated and compared to a one-dimensional transport model. These fluctuations are generated by acoustic perturbations at the fuel injector and play a crucial role in the feedback loop leading to thermoacoustic instabilities. The focus of this investigation lies on the interplay between fuel fluctuations and coherent vortical structures that are both affected by the acoustic forcing. To this end, optical diagnostics are applied inside the mixing duct and in the combustion chamber, housing a turbulent swirl flame. The flame was acoustically perturbed to obtain phase-averaged spatially resolved flow and equivalence ratio fluctuations, which allow the determination of flux-based local and global mixing transfer functions. Measurements show that the mode-conversion model that predicts the generation of equivalence ratio fluctuations at the injector holds for linear acoustic forcing amplitudes, but it fails for non-linear amplitudes. The global (radially integrated) transport of fuel fluctuations from the injector to the flame is reasonably well approximated by a one-dimensional transport model with an effective diffusivity that accounts for turbulent diffusion and dispersion. This approach however, fails to recover critical details of the mixing transfer function, which is caused by non-local interaction of flow and fuel fluctuations. This effect becomes even more pronounced for non-linear forcing amplitudes where strong coherent fluctuations induce a non-trivial frequency dependence of the mixing process. The mechanisms resolved in this study suggest that non-local interference of fuel fluctuations and coherent flow fluctuations is significant for the transport of global equivalence ratio fluctuations at linear acoustic amplitudes and crucial for non-linear amplitudes. To improve future predictions and facilitate a satisfactory modelling, a non-local, two-dimensional approach is necessary.

scholarly journals Perturbative linearization of super-Yang-Mills theories in general gauges

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Malcha ◽  
Hermann Nicolai
Keyword(s):  
Large Class ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
Landau Gauge ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Free Theory ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Functional Measure ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Jacobi Determinant

Abstract Supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories can be characterized by a non-local and non-linear transformation of the bosonic fields (Nicolai map) mapping the interacting functional measure to that of a free theory, such that the Jacobi determinant of the transformation equals the product of the fermionic determinants obtained by integrating out the gauginos and ghosts at least on the gauge hypersurface. While this transformation has been known so far only for the Landau gauge and to third order in the Yang-Mills coupling, we here extend the construction to a large class of (possibly non-linear and non-local) gauges, and exhibit the conditions for all statements to remain valid off the gauge hypersurface. Finally, we present explicit results to second order in the axial gauge and to fourth order in the Landau gauge.

scholarly journals Non-Linear Langevin and Fractional Fokker–Planck Equations for Anomalous Diffusion by Lévy Stable Processes

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Anderson ◽  
Sara Moradi ◽  
Tariq Rafiq
Keyword(s):  
Anomalous Diffusion ◽  
Transport Coefficient ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Local Transport ◽  
Fokker Planck Equations ◽  
Fokker Planck

The numerical solutions to a non-linear Fractional Fokker–Planck (FFP) equation are studied estimating the generalized diffusion coefficients. The aim is to model anomalous diffusion using an FFP description with fractional velocity derivatives and Langevin dynamics where Lévy fluctuations are introduced to model the effect of non-local transport due to fractional diffusion in velocity space. Distribution functions are found using numerical means for varying degrees of fractionality of the stable Lévy distribution as solutions to the FFP equation. The statistical properties of the distribution functions are assessed by a generalized normalized expectation measure and entropy and modified transport coefficient. The transport coefficient significantly increases with decreasing fractality which is corroborated by analysis of experimental data.

scholarly journals Pushing and Pulling on OH-and H3O+ with Electric Fields Across Water’s Surface

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
kamal ray ◽  
Aditya Limaye ◽  
Ankur Saha ◽  
Ka Chon Ng ◽  
Adam Willard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Dipole Orientation ◽  
Harmonic Intensity ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Excess Surface ◽  
Internal Bias ◽  
Pushing And Pulling

<p>We use second harmonic generation spectroscopy, molecular dynamics simulation, and theoretical modeling to study the response of the neat liquid water-air interface to changes in the potential of an external electrode positioned above the liquid. We observe a parabolic dependence of second harmonic intensity on applied potential, indicating that water’s net interfacial dipole responds linearly. We also observe a minimum intensity when the potential is tuned to a specific positive value. Interpreting this minimum based on the macroscopic electrostatic potential profile yields misleading physical conclusions because it neglects the internal bias exerted on molecular orientations by the excess surface concentrations of OH<sup>-</sup> or H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>. We thus find that water’s net interfacial dipole orientation is primarily responsive to the effects of these ionic species rather than the external electric field. </p>

scholarly journals Pushing and Pulling on OH-and H3O+ with Electric Fields Across Water’s Surface

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
kamal ray ◽  
Aditya Limaye ◽  
Ankur Saha ◽  
Ka Chon Ng ◽  
Adam Willard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Dipole Orientation ◽  
Harmonic Intensity ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Excess Surface ◽  
Internal Bias ◽  
Pushing And Pulling

<p>We use second harmonic generation spectroscopy, molecular dynamics simulation, and theoretical modeling to study the response of the neat liquid water-air interface to changes in the potential of an external electrode positioned above the liquid. We observe a parabolic dependence of second harmonic intensity on applied potential, indicating that water’s net interfacial dipole responds linearly. We also observe a minimum intensity when the potential is tuned to a specific positive value. Interpreting this minimum based on the macroscopic electrostatic potential profile yields misleading physical conclusions because it neglects the internal bias exerted on molecular orientations by the excess surface concentrations of OH<sup>-</sup> or H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>. We thus find that water’s net interfacial dipole orientation is primarily responsive to the effects of these ionic species rather than the external electric field. </p>

scholarly journals Exact Mechanical Hierarchy of Non-Linear Fractional-Order Hereditariness

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Gioacchino Alotta ◽  
Emanuela Bologna ◽  
Massimiliano Zingales
Keyword(s):  
Functionally Graded ◽  
State Variable ◽  
Linear Approach ◽  
Power Law Decay ◽  
Separable Kernel ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Linear Transform ◽  
Single Integral ◽  
Non Local

Non-local time evolution of material stress/strain is often referred to as material hereditariness. In this paper, the widely used non-linear approach to single integral time non-local mechanics named quasi-linear approach is proposed in the context of fractional differential calculus. The non-linear model of the springpot is defined in terms of a single integral with separable kernel endowed with a non-linear transform of the state variable that allows for the use of Boltzmann superposition. The model represents a self-similar hierarchy that allows for a time-invariance as the result of the application of the conservation laws at any resolution scale. It is shown that the non-linear springpot possess an equivalent mechanical hierarchy in terms of a functionally-graded elastic column resting on viscous dashpots with power-law decay of the material properties. Some numerical applications are reported to show the capabilities of the proposed model.

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