Hidden complexities in the reaction of H2O2 and HNO revealed by ab initio quantum chemical investigations

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (43) ◽  
pp. 29549-29560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Beckett ◽  
Marc Edelmann ◽  
Jonathan D. Raff ◽  
Krishnan Raghavachari
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Quantum Chemical

Reaction of H2O2 and HNO involves a diradical transition state with intriguing behavior and a new mechanism for isomerization of hydrogen nitryl.

Quantum chemical modelling of reactions in hydrocarbon combustion. Study of the CH4 + O2 reactions

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1440-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Urban ◽  
Viliam Klimo ◽  
Jozef Tiňo
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Transition State Theory ◽  
Saddle Points ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Relative Probability ◽  
Hydrocarbon Combustion ◽  
Chemical Modelling

The rate constants of two alternative reactions, i.e CH4 + O2 → CH2 + H2O2 and CH4 + O2 → CH3 + HOO have been studied by the ab initio and MINDO/3 methods. A preliminary appreciation of the used methods has been done with a selected set of carbene reactions. The characteristics of minima as well as the saddle points on the corresponding reaction paths of both reactions have been found. The discussion of the relative probability of a pathway of the above-mentioned reactions is based on the rate constants determined by the use of transition state theory.

Active Learning Accelerates Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics on Pericyclic Reactive Energy Surfaces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Jun Ang ◽  
Wujie Wang ◽  
Daniel Schwalbe-Koda ◽  
Simon Axelrod ◽  
Rafael Gomez-Bombarelli
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Transition State ◽  
Potential Energy Surface ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Energy Surface ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Reactive Trajectories ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Energy Surfaces

<div>Modeling dynamical effects in chemical reactions, such as post-transition state bifurcation, requires <i>ab initio</i> molecular dynamics simulations due to the breakdown of simpler static models like transition state theory. However, these simulations tend to be restricted to lower-accuracy electronic structure methods and scarce sampling because of their high computational cost. Here, we report the use of statistical learning to accelerate reactive molecular dynamics simulations by combining high-throughput ab initio calculations, graph-convolution interatomic potentials and active learning. This pipeline was demonstrated on an ambimodal trispericyclic reaction involving 8,8-dicyanoheptafulvene and 6,6-dimethylfulvene. With a dataset size of approximately</div><div>31,000 M062X/def2-SVP quantum mechanical calculations, the computational cost of exploring the reactive potential energy surface was reduced by an order of magnitude. Thousands of virtually costless picosecond-long reactive trajectories suggest that post-transition state bifurcation plays a minor role for the reaction in vacuum. Furthermore, a transfer-learning strategy effectively upgraded the potential energy surface to higher</div><div>levels of theory ((SMD-)M06-2X/def2-TZVPD in vacuum and three other solvents, as well as the more accurate DLPNO-DSD-PBEP86 D3BJ/def2-TZVPD) using about 10% additional calculations for each surface. Since the larger basis set and the dynamic correlation capture intramolecular non-covalent interactions more accurately, they uncover longer lifetimes for the charge-separated intermediate on the more accurate potential energy surfaces. The character of the intermediate switches from entropic to thermodynamic upon including implicit solvation effects, with lifetimes increasing with solvent polarity. Analysis of 2,000 reactive trajectories on the chloroform PES shows a qualitative agreement with the experimentally-reported periselectivity for this reaction. This overall approach is broadly applicable and opens a door to the study of dynamical effects in larger, previously-intractable reactive systems.</div>

Evaluation of Chemotherapeutic Activity of the Selected Bases’ Analogues of Nucleic Acids Supported by ab initio Various Quantum Chemical Calculations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kawczak ◽  
Leszek Bober ◽  
Tomasz Bączek
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Quantum Chemical Calculations ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Polarizable Continuum Model ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Qsar Models

Background: Pharmacological and physicochemical classification of bases’ selected analogues of nucleic acids is proposed in the study. Objective: Structural parameters received by the PCM (Polarizable Continuum Model) with several types of calculation methods for the structures in vacuo and in the aquatic environment together with the huge set of extra molecular descriptors obtained by the professional software and literature values of biological activity were used to search the relationships. Methods: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) together with Factor Analysis (FA) and Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) as the types of the chemometric approach based on semi-empirical ab initio molecular modeling studies were performed. Results: The equations with statistically significant descriptors were proposed to demonstrate both the common and differentiating characteristics of the bases' analogues of nucleic acids based on the quantum chemical calculations and biological activity data. Conclusion: The obtained QSAR models can be used for predicting and explaining the activity of studied molecules.

Quantum chemical prediction of 2H-pyran vibration spectrum

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Böhm ◽  
Josef Kuthan
Keyword(s):  
Vibrational Spectrum ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Vibration Spectrum ◽  
Equilibrium Geometry ◽  
Heterocyclic Molecule ◽  
Vibrational Transitions ◽  
Correlation Corrections

Ab initio MO optimalization of the 2H-pyran molecule leads to a defined equilibrium geometry of this so far not identified heterocyclic molecule and to a physical justification of its existence. More advanced nonempirical wavefunctions and temperature corrections indicate that heterocyclic molecule I is energetically less stable than non-cyclic isomers II and III. Wavenumbers of fundamental vibrational transitions of heterocycle I and also known (2E)-2,4-pentadienal (IIIb were calculated using 3-21 G wavefunctions. The vibrational spectrum of compound I is predicted on the basis of correlation corrections.

Theoretical analysis of means of preventing Si–C bond cleavage during polycondensation of organosilanes to organosilicas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soichi Shirai ◽  
Shinji Inagaki
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Quantum Chemical Calculations ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Analysis Of Means

Practical strategies for suppressing Si–C cleavage during the polycondensation of organosilanes were presented based on ab initio quantum chemical calculations of model compounds.

Nitro–Nitrite Isomerization and Transition State Switching in the Dissociation of Ionized Nitromethane: A Threshold Photoelectron–Photoion Coincidence Spectroscopy Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Ferrier ◽  
Anne-Marie Boulanger ◽  
David M.P. Holland ◽  
David A. Shaw ◽  
Paul M. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Ab Initio Calculations ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Cleavage Reaction ◽  
Nitrite Ion ◽  
Methyl Nitrite ◽  
Bond Cleavage Reaction ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Lower Entropy

Threshold photoelectron–photoion coincidence (TPEPICO) spectroscopy has been employed to investigate the competition between bond cleavage and rearrangement reactions in the dissociation of ionized nitromethane, 1. Modeling TPEPICO breakdown diagrams with a combination of RRKM theory and ab initio calculations at the G3 level of theory allowed the derivation of the activation energy for the isomerisation of 1 to ionized methyl nitrite, 2, 82 kJ mol−1. In addition, evidence was found for a transition state switch in the bond cleavage reaction in 1 leading to CH3• + NO2+. As internal energy increases, the effective transition state for this reaction becomes tighter (i.e. is characterized by a lower entropy of activation, Δ‡S). Fitted thresholds for NO+ and CH2OHO+ ions, originating from the isomeric methyl nitrite ion, are consistent with G3 level ab initio calculations.

Ab initio quantum-chemical calculations of the energies and structures of 1,2-acetylenedithiol isomers

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Frolov ◽  
A. V. Vashchenko ◽  
A. G. Mal’kina ◽  
B. A. Trofimov
Keyword(s):  
Ab Initio ◽  
Quantum Chemical Calculations ◽  
Quantum Chemical
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