Graphene membranes with nanoslits for seawater desalination via forward osmosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (45) ◽  
pp. 30551-30561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhavi Dahanayaka ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Zhongqiao Hu ◽  
Qing-Xiang Pei ◽  
Zhong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
High Water ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Graphene Membrane ◽  
Ion Rejection ◽  
Slit Pore ◽  
Graphene Membranes

A slit-pore stacked graphene membrane shows promising forward osmosis performance with high water flux and ion rejection.

Enhancing Water Permeability with Super-hydrophilic Metal-Organic Frameworks and Hydrophobic Straight Pores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Habibollahzadeh ◽  
Juran Noh ◽  
Liang Feng ◽  
Hong-Cai Zhou ◽  
Ahmed Abdel-Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
High Water ◽  
Metal Organic

High water flux and salt selectivity have been the most demanding goals for osmosis-based membranes. Osmotic pressure differences across membranes are particularly important in emerging forward osmosis and pressure retarded...

scholarly journals Molecular Dynamics Study on the Reverse Osmosis Using Multilayer Porous Graphene Membranes

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongqiang Zhang ◽  
Fujian Zhang ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Guanggui Cheng ◽  
Xiaodong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Solution ◽  
Energy Barrier ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Porous Graphene ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Layer Separation ◽  
Graphene Membrane ◽  
Graphene Membranes

In this study, the reverse osmosis (RO) of a salt solution was investigated using a molecular dynamics method to explore the performance of a multilayer porous graphene membrane. The effects of the salt solution concentration, pressure, layer separation and pore offset on the RO performance of the membrane were investigated and the influences of the number of layers and the gradient structure were determined. The results show that as the salt solution concentration increases, the energy barrier of the water molecules passing through the bilayer porous graphene membranes changes slightly, indicating that the effect of the water flux on the membrane can be ignored. The salt rejection performance of the membrane improves with an increase in the concentration of the salt solution. When the pressure is increased, the energy barrier decreases, the water flux increases and the salt rejection decreases. When the layer separation of the bilayer porous graphene membrane is the same as the equilibrium spacing of the graphene membrane, the energy barrier is the lowest and the membrane water flux is the largest. The energy barrier of the bilayer porous graphene membrane increases with increasing layer separation, resulting in a decrease in the water flux of the membrane. The salt rejection increases with increasing layer separation. The water flux of the membrane decreases as the energy barrier increases with increasing pore offset and the salt rejection increases. The energy barrier effect is more pronounced for a larger number of graphene layers and the water flux of the membrane decreases because it is more difficult for the water molecules to pass through the porous graphene membrane. However, the salt rejection performance improves with the increase in the number of layers. The gradient pore structure enhances the energy barrier effect of the water molecules permeating through the membrane and the water flux of the membrane decreases. The salt rejection performance is improved by the gradient pore structure. The research results provide theoretical guidance for research on the RO performance of porous graphene membranes and the design of porous graphene membranes.

scholarly journals Forward Osmosis: A Critical Review

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Mohammadifakhr ◽  
Joris de Grooth ◽  
Hendrik D. W. Roesink ◽  
Antoine J. B. Kemperman
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
High Water ◽  
Structural Parameter ◽  
Selective Layer ◽  
Internal Concentration ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Planar Geometries ◽  
Dominant Influence

The use of forward osmosis (FO) for water purification purposes has gained extensive attention in recent years. In this review, we first discuss the advantages, challenges and various applications of FO, as well as the challenges in selecting the proper draw solution for FO, after which we focus on transport limitations in FO processes. Despite recent advances in membrane development for FO, there is still room for improvement of its selective layer and support. For many applications spiral wound membrane will not suffice. Furthermore, a defect-free selective layer is a prerequisite for FO membranes to ensure low solute passage, while a support with low internal concentration polarization is necessary for a high water flux. Due to challenges affiliated to interfacial polymerization (IP) on non-planar geometries, we discuss alternative approaches to IP to form the selective layer. We also explain that, when provided with a defect-free selective layer with good rejection, the membrane support has a dominant influence on the performance of an FO membrane, which can be estimated by the structural parameter (S). We emphasize the necessity of finding a new method to determine S, but also that predominantly the thickness of the support is the major parameter that needs to be optimized.

Synthesis and Characterization of CTA/CA-Based Forward Osmosis Membranes with Hydrophilic Nano-Titanium Dioxide

2016 ◽  
Vol 867 ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Ju Wang ◽  
Xin Lian Shi ◽  
Shu Fang Hou ◽  
Jian Hua Yang ◽  
Kai Li Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
High Water ◽  
Cellulose Triacetate ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
Nano Titanium Dioxide

In this paper, a novel nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane (nTiO2-CTA/CA) was fabricated by introducing nanotitaniumdi oxide (nTiO2) into the cellulose triacetate/cellulose acetate (CTA/CA)-based casting solution using phase inversion methods. Casting composite and preparation--nTiO2 content, blend temperature and coagulating bath temperature--were tested for their effects on pure water flux and salt rejection of membranes. Results revealed that the FO membrane prepared under optimized composition showed excellent desalination performance (high water flux = 5.38 L/m2·h and salt rejection > 97 %). Moreover, SEM images showed that addition of nTiO2 resulted in nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane with a smoother surface. The contact angle of the membranes decreased from 76o to 51° with increase nTiO2 concentration from 0% to 0.10%.

Pervaporative seawater desalination using NaA zeolite membrane: Mechanisms of high water flux and high salt rejection

2011 ◽  
Vol 371 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 226-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Churl Hee Cho ◽  
Ka Yeon Oh ◽  
Si Kyung Kim ◽  
Jeong Gu Yeo ◽  
Pankaj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Flux ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Zeolite Membrane ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Naa Zeolite ◽  
Naa Zeolite Membrane

Thin-film composite forward osmosis membrane with high water flux and high pressure resistance using a thicker void-free polyketone porous support

Desalination ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 402 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yasukawa ◽  
Shoji Mishima ◽  
Yasuhiro Tanaka ◽  
Tomoki Takahashi ◽  
Hideto Matsuyama
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
High Water ◽  
Porous Support ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
Thin Film Composite ◽  
Pressure Resistance

scholarly journals Sustainable Hybrid System for Simultaneous Desalting of Liquid Fertilizer and Fuel Generation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathima Sifani Zavahir ◽  
Tasneem ElMakki ◽  
Mona Gulied ◽  
Khulood Logade ◽  
Konstantinos Kakosimos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
High Water ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sulfur Containing

The constant utilization of hydrocarbon-based fuels such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas has resulted in the detection of high concentration levels of sulfur containing gases in the atmosphere of many countries, including Qatar. Among those potential air pollutants, the rising concentrations of H2S and SO2 are of serious concern. In this work, sulfur-based seed solutions (SBSSs) such as sulfite or sulfide solutions are made by purging sulfur-containing gases released from industry into alkaline solutions. These SBSS solutions are simultaneously utilized towards the production of renewable hydrogen energy via a photoelectrochemical (PEC) process, and are used as draw solutions (DS) to produce diluted fertilizer water by a forward osmosis (FO) desalination process for agricultural irrigation purposes. The continuous bench scale of the integrated PEC-FDFO system was successfully demonstrated for simultaneous hydrogen production and dilution of SBSS DS. The experimental results showed that the reduction potential of SBSS DS in the PEC cell changes with variation of SBSS DS concentration and pH. This resulted in the continuous oxidation of sulfite into sulfate and led to more hydrogen production. Moreover, FDFO process exhibited high percentage of water recovery and DS dilution up to 80% and 68% at high SBSS DS concentration, respectively. In binary mixture of SBSS DS, increasing the concentration of ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 led to high water flux to about 42%. The outcomes of this experimental study showed a successful practical continuous integrated system toward hydrogen production and fertigation.

scholarly journals A zeolite-like aluminophosphate membrane with molecular-sieving property for water desalination

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2533-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanju Wang ◽  
Xiaoqin Zou ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
Huazhen Rong ◽  
Guangshan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Membrane Material ◽  
Ion Rejection ◽  
Molecular Sieving

A fascinating membrane material composed of polycrystalline zeolite-like aluminophosphate with narrow pore and high water uptake is well developed, which exhibits superior desalination performance in terms of excellent ion rejection and record water flux.

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