Influence of cosolvents, self-crowding, temperature and pressure on the sub-nanosecond dynamics and folding stability of lysozyme

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 14230-14237 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Al-Ayoubi ◽  
P. H. Schummel ◽  
M. Golub ◽  
J. Peters ◽  
R. Winter
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Nanosecond Dynamics

Self-crowding and osmolytes are able to affect the fast dynamics of proteins more efficiently than hydrostatic pressure.

Hydrostatic Pressure—Temperature effects on Deep-sea Colonisation

1972 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Menzies ◽  
Robert Y. George
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Pressure Sensitivity ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Pressure Resistance ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Temperature And Pressure Effects

SynopsisA diverse benthic and bathypelagic fauna was first incontrovertably established by the deep-sea samples of H.M.S.Challenger, and demonstrated the ability of organisms to live and reproduce in the deep, dark and cold abyssal environment of enormous hydrostatic pressure as high as 1000 atm (14 000 psi) on trench floors at 10 000 metres. The investigations of Regnard (1891), Fontaine (1930) and Ebbecke (1935) established that various shallow animals have the capacity to withstand increased hydrostatic pressure. This paper deals with the response of whole organisms, mainly shallow-water metazoans, to hydrostatic pressure-temperature effects. The level of occurrence of pressure-induced increased activity (R1), onset of paralysis or tetany (T) and LD50are discussed for tropical and temperate marine species in relationship to temperature and hydrostatic pressure. The pressure sensitivity and resistance exhibited by different species are examined in relation to various hypotheses and theories such as (1) group effect, in which Schlieper (1968) claims that those shallow species that belong to the group which has successfully colonised the deep sea, such as Echinodermata, Mollusca, Isopoda, have a higher pressure resistance; (2) pressure resistance as a species or genetic property; (3) environmental impact, in which deeper species have a greater pressure resistance; and (4) finally a re-examination of temperature and pressure effects as these relate to deep-sea colonisation.

scholarly journals An Effective Package of Antioxidants for Avoiding Premature Failure in Polypropylene Random Copolymer Plastic Pipes under Hydrostatic Pressure and High Temperature

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2825
Author(s):  
Enrique Blázquez-Blázquez ◽  
Joaquín Lahoz ◽  
Ernesto Pérez ◽  
María L. Cerrada
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Random Copolymer ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Oxidation Induction Time ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Aging Test ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Pipes of polypropylene random (PP-R) copolymers are the best choice for hot- and cold-water networks. Validation of a severe test, accomplishing the ISO 1167 standard, is mandatory to assess their service lifetime expectancy. This work evaluates the behavior shown by three commercial pipes, either the original ones (new pipes) or after being subjected to a hydrostatic pressure test at elevated temperature (aged pipes). Several features with relevance for the final performance have been examined: crystalline characteristics, phase transitions in crystalline regions, effect of high temperature and pressure on these transitions, and oxidation induction time. Moreover, the presence of inorganic fillers, and the content of different antioxidants together with their depletion, have also been analyzed. Films from the new pipes were also prepared for replication of the different environments in order to achieve a better and complete understanding of the phase transitions in the crystalline regions and of the consumption of antioxidants. Distinct environments surrounded the inner and outer parts of the pipes exposed to the failure aging test at 110 °C: hot water and warm dry air, respectively. These features play a key role in the loss of additives and in the subsequent initiation of degradation. Even if the crystalline characteristics are appropriate in the polymeric matrix, the success of a pipe lies in the homogeneous dispersion of components for avoiding damage at interfacial properties, and in a correct package of antioxidants used in its formulation.

Effect of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on algal respiration

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 2375-2379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Pope ◽  
Leslie R. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Anacystis Nidulans ◽  
Dunaliella Tertiolecta ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Linear Fashion ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Rates of dark respiration in Anacystis nidulans and Dunaliella tertiolecta, determined as loss of previously fixed 14CO2, were measured as a function of temperature and hydrostatic pressure. The rates of respiration in both algae decreased with decreased temperature over the range 25 to 5 °C in an approximately linear fashion and at 5 °C were only 10 to 20% of the rate at 25 °C. The rate of respiration by A. nidulans decreased with increased hydrostatic pressure. At 600 atm the rate was about 50% of that at 1 atm. Respiration by D. tertiolecta seemed to be unaffected by pressures to 600 atm. These results suggest that algal cells observed to occur in the deep oceans are potentially metabolically active at those depths; that they cannot survive for long periods of time solely through the utilization of previously stored materials; and that a heterotrophic mode of metabolism is most likely to explain their occurrence. The differential effects of temperature and pressure on various metabolic processes and growth of microalgae are also discussed.

Early development and larval survival of Psammechinus miliaris under deep-sea temperature and pressure conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Aquino-Souza ◽  
S.J. Hawkins ◽  
P.A. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Psammechinus Miliaris ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Shallow Water Species ◽  
Water Species

The aim of this study was to analyse the tolerance of the planktonic stages of Psammechinus miliaris to hydrostatic pressure and temperature. Embryos of Psammechinus miliaris were subjected to different combinations of pressure and temperature for 3, 6 and 12 h. The percentage of embryos at each stage and the percentage of embryos developing abnormally were measured. Larvae at the gastrula and prism stages were subjected to pressure and temperature combinations for 24 h and the larval survival was calculated measuring the percentage of swimming larvae. Both embryos and larvae could survive at greater pressures than the known adult depth limits. Larvae showed a much greater potential than embryos for surviving deeper, with approximately 100% of both gastrulae and prisms surviving up to 200 atm at 5°C. These results are similar to other shallow-water species of Echinoida. Thus larval tolerance of high pressure and low temperature may have been important for the success of this group in colonizing the deep-sea.

Heat-Etching with a Bullivant Type II Simple Freeze-Cleave Device

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Weinstein ◽  
N. Scott McNutt
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Massachusetts General Hospital ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Collaborative Effort ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The University

The Type I simple cold block device was described by Bullivant and Ames in 1966 and represented the product of the first successful effort to simplify the equipment required to do sophisticated freeze-cleave techniques. Bullivant, Weinstein and Someda described the Type II device which is a modification of the Type I device and was developed as a collaborative effort at the Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Auckland, New Zealand. The modifications reduced specimen contamination and provided controlled specimen warming for heat-etching of fracture faces. We have now tested the Mass. General Hospital version of the Type II device (called the “Type II-MGH device”) on a wide variety of biological specimens and have established temperature and pressure curves for routine heat-etching with the device.

ESEM - A multipurpose surface Electron Microscope

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 632-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Danilatos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Saturated Water Vapor ◽  
Surface Electron ◽  
Current State ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
New Type ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Over recent years a new type of electron microscope - the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) - has been developed for the examination of specimen surfaces in the presence of gases. A detailed series of reports on the system has appeared elsewhere. A review summary of the current state and potential of the system is presented here.The gas composition, temperature and pressure can be varied in the specimen chamber of the ESEM. With air, the pressure can be up to one atmosphere (about 1000 mbar). Environments with fully saturated water vapor only at room temperature (20-30 mbar) can be easily maintained whilst liquid water or other solutions, together with uncoated specimens, can be imaged routinely during various applications.

The Hydrostatic Pressure Effect on Elastic Properties of B2-Phase Single Crystals Ti50Ni48Fe2and Ti50Ni45Fe5Alloys

1995 ◽  
Vol 05 (C8) ◽  
pp. C8-729-C8-734
Author(s):  
A.I. Lotkov ◽  
V.P. Lapshin ◽  
V.A. Goncharova ◽  
H.V Chernysheva ◽  
V.N. Grishkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Pressure Effect ◽  
B2 Phase
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