Renewable high-density spiro-fuels from lignocellulose-derived cyclic ketones

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (74) ◽  
pp. 10303-10305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjian Xie ◽  
Xiangwen Zhang ◽  
Lun Pan ◽  
Genkuo Nie ◽  
Xiu-Tian-Feng E ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freezing Point ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cyclic Ketones ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
New Type ◽  
First Time

Renewable high-density spiro-fuels are synthesized from lignocellulose-derived cyclic ketones for the first time, which show high density, low freezing point and represent a new type of renewable high-density fuel attractive for practical applications.

A Relationship Between the Factor Indivisibility and the Output Elasticity of the Indivisible Factor

2021 ◽  
pp. 232102222098516
Author(s):  
Dipankar Das
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Limit Point ◽  
Mathematical Proof ◽  
Wage Equation ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
Output Elasticity ◽  
New Type ◽  
First Time ◽  
Jel Classifications

The paper puts forth a notion and derives a special type of production function where labour is an indivisible factor and is in the integer space. Thus, Newtonian calculus is not an appropriate method of deriving the marginal value because limit point does not exist. This shows that indivisibility determines the output elasticity. In the first part, the paper propounds a notion regarding how indivisibility determines curvature of the production function. In the second part, the paper incorporates the findings within a production function and derives a new type accordingly. Moreover, it formally derives the standard wage equation considering all the entitlements of labour, namely (a) normal wages, (b) interest and (c) rent of ability. So far, no such mathematical proof is there to support this wage composition. This paper, for the first time, derives this wage equation considering indivisibility of labour. JEL Classifications: J23, J24, J31, D24, C61, E24, L8

‘Proton Escalator’ PEI and Phosphotungstic Acid Constructing a Nanofiber Membrane with Remarkable Proton Conductivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuwei Sun ◽  
Shumei Liu ◽  
Qingyin Wu ◽  
Shan Zhang ◽  
Hong-Rui Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Proton Conduction ◽  
High Density ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
New Type ◽  
High Flexibility

Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is expected to become a new type of proton conduction booster due to its high density amine and extremely high flexibility. Herein, a nanofiber membrane (eHPW-PEI) composed of...

Study on Water Cushion Belt Conveyor

2014 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Xian Wei Liu ◽  
Jia Sheng Wang ◽  
Lan Tao Wu ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Hua Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Equation ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Lubrication Equation ◽  
Start Up ◽  
New Type ◽  
Air Cushion ◽  
Lubricating Mechanism

Based on air cushion belt conveyor, a new type of belt conveyor named water cushion belt conveyor is proposed. It has a wide scope of applications for its features such as stability and reliability, capability of full load start-up, and environment-friendliness. This paper studies the working mechanism and lubricating mechanism of the water cushion belt conveyor. The basic lubrication equation of the water cushion is deduced from the universal form of the Reynolds equation used to study the pressure film properties of the water cushion. The design of the key part of the water cushion device is described in details. The research can be taken as a reference in practical applications.

scholarly journals A Novel Six-Rhodopsin System in a Single Archaeon

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (22) ◽  
pp. 5866-5873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsu-Yuan Fu ◽  
Yu-Cheng Lin ◽  
Yung-Ning Chang ◽  
Hsiaochu Tseng ◽  
Ching-Che Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Ion Transporters ◽  
Haloarcula Marismortui ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
New Type ◽  
Ion Transportation ◽  
Proton Transporters ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Microbial rhodopsins, a diverse group of photoactive proteins found in Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya, function in photosensing and photoenergy harvesting and may have been present in the resource-limited early global environment. Four different physiological functions have been identified and characterized for nearly 5,000 retinal-binding photoreceptors, these being ion transporters that transport proton or chloride and sensory rhodopsins that mediate light-attractant and/or -repellent responses. The greatest number of rhodopsins previously observed in a single archaeon had been four. Here, we report a newly discovered six-rhodopsin system in a single archaeon, Haloarcula marismortui, which shows a more diverse absorbance spectral distribution than any previously known rhodopsin system, and, for the first time, two light-driven proton transporters that respond to the same wavelength. All six rhodopsins, the greatest number ever identified in a single archaeon, were first shown to be expressed in H. marismortui, and these were then overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The proteins were purified for absorption spectra and photocycle determination, followed by measurement of ion transportation and phototaxis. The results clearly indicate the existence of a proton transporter system with two isochromatic rhodopsins and a new type of sensory rhodopsin-like transducer in H. marismortui.

Research on the Key Technologies for New Large Dual-Platen High-Precision Clamping System

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Guo Dong Lu ◽  
Zheng Qi Ling
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Adaptive Correction ◽  
Hydraulic Servo ◽  
New Type ◽  
Clamping System ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
First Time

High- precision and large scale are the developing trend for injection molding machine clamping system .This paper compared the characteristics of three-platen toggle and dual-platen hydraulic clamping system. The key impact factors that effecting plastic parts` precision from clamping system were discussed systematically first time. Based on these analyses, a new clamping system has been proposed and manufactured to improve the plastics parts` precision, including three new technologies: new type dual-platen structure, parallelism adaptive correction technology and numerical controlled hydraulic servo system technology. It has been applied in practical machine successfully, and experiment result proves that it is effective enough to satisfying the high-precision molding of large plastics parts.

Some Origins of Nationalism in East Africa

1968 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lonsdale
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
National Movements ◽  
New Type ◽  
First Time ◽  
Official Recognition

This paper attempts to provide a frame of reference for evaluating the role of ordinary rural Africans in national movements, in the belief that scholarly preoccupation with élites will only partially illumine the mainsprings of nationalism. Kenya has been taken as the main field of enquiry, with contrasts and comparisons drawn from Uganda and Tanganyika. The processes of social change are discussed with a view to establishing that by the end of the colonial period one can talk of peasants rather than tribesmen in some of the more progressive areas. This change entailed a decline in the leadership functions of tribal chiefs who were also the official agents of colonial rule, but did not necessarily mean the firm establishment of a new type of rural leadership. The central part of the paper is taken up with an account of the competition between these older and newer leaderships, for official recognition rather than a mass following. A popular following was one of the conditions for such recognition, but neither really achieved this prior to 1945 except in Kikuyuland, and there the newer leaders did not want official recognition. After 1945 the newer leadership, comprising especially traders and officials of marketing co-operatives, seems everywhere to have won a properly representative position, due mainly to the enforced agrarian changes which brought the peasant face to face with the central government, perhaps for the first time. This confrontation, together with the experience of failure in earlier and more local political activity, resulted in a national revolution coalescing from below, co-ordinated rather than instigated by the educated élite.

scholarly journals The hermit сharacter as a new type of character in realistic prose by Maxim Gorky

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Strokina ◽  
Lenie Taymazova ◽  
Elvina Useinova ◽  
Ruslan Adonin
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Art Form ◽  
New Type ◽  
Maxim Gorky ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Church

1922-1924 was a fruitful period of Maxim Gorky's literature work. It is related to searching a new art form. The cycle “Stories of 1922-1924” is an expressive example of “new prose”. For the first time, the hermit character appeared in the cycle “Stories of 1922-1924”. From the point of view of generally recognized morality and the Church, the new type of character is ambiguous. It is characterized by both sinfulness and holiness.

scholarly journals Negligible Voltage Hysteresis with Strong Anionic Redox in Conventional Battery Electrode

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kehua Dai ◽  
Jing Mao ◽  
Zengqing Zhuo ◽  
Guo Ai ◽  
Wenfeng Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Redox Systems ◽  
Redox Mechanism ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Battery Electrode ◽  
Voltage Hysteresis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Initial Coulombic Efficiency

<div>Lattice oxygen redox reactions (ORR) offers opportunities for developing highcapacity batteries, however, suffers the notoriously high voltage hysteresis and low initial coulombic efficiency, which hinder its practical applications. Particularly, ORR was widely considered inherent to these kinetic issues. In this paper, unambiguous evidence of strong and reversible ORR is found in Na<sub>2/3</sub>Ni<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>2/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, which displays negligible voltage hysteresis (0.1 V) and high initial coulombic efficiency with a highly stable electrochemical profile. Our independent and quantitative analysis of all the Ni, Mn and O states consistently interpret the redox mechanism of Na<sub>2/3</sub>Ni<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>2/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, which reveals, for the first time, a conventional 3d transition-metal ORR system with facile kinetics and highly stable electrochemical profile that previously found only in cationic redox systems.</div>

Three-Dimensional Magneto-Optical Recording

2004 ◽  
Vol 834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiyoshi Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Storage System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Novel ◽  
National Project ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Disk Storage ◽  
High Density Recording ◽  
New Type

ABSTRACTIn this report, the newly developed three-dimensional magneto-optical (MO) recording scheme and the experimental results are reported. A part of this work has been done as the national project of 3D-MO (3-dimensional MO) project. It started at September 1998 and ended March 2002 as a part of the national project “Nanometer-Scale Optical High Density Disk Storage System” and aimed at achieving 100 Gb/in2 in storage density. Three-dimensional MO recording is one of the prosperous candidates of next generation ultra high density recording. Magnetic amplifying MO system (MAMMOS) is employed for achieving the novel three-dimensional MO recording. Double-MAMMOS scheme consists of 2-recording layers of differing compensation temperature (Tcomp ) and one readout layer was proposed and discussed.With write/read test it is succeeded to show the results corresponding to a 100 Gb/in2 (50 Gb/in2 × 2) recording density. We also proposed and showed results of simulations of a new type of Double-MAMMOS in which the recording layers can hold quadri-valued information by single writing process.

Multi-functional NaErF4:Yb nanorods: enhanced red upconversion emission, in vitro cell, in vivo X-ray, and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging

Nanoscale ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2855-2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Wang ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
Tianmei Zeng ◽  
Zhigao Yi ◽  
Ling Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Upconversion Emission ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
New Type ◽  
First Time

A new type of multi-functional NaErF4 nanoprobe with enhanced red upconversion emission was developed and used for in vitro cell, in vivo X-ray and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the first time.

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