scholarly journals Electrospun PVDF–TiO2 with tuneable TiO2 crystal phases: synthesis and application in photocatalytic redox reactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie Z. Y. Tan ◽  
Natalita M. Nursam ◽  
Fang Xia ◽  
Yen Bach Truong ◽  
Ilias Louis Kyratzis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Photocatalytic Reduction ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Crystal Phases

The TiO2 crystal phase composition and microstructure of electrospun PVDF–TiO2 membranes affected the photocatalytic reduction of CO2.

The study of crystal-phase composition and pore structure for Dicaoqing-Zisha compared with porcelain and pottery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunrui Yang ◽  
Jianyi Kong ◽  
Jiajing Yang ◽  
Chengliang Chu ◽  
Xingdong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Crystal Phase

scholarly journals Liquid crystal phase transitions in suspensions of mineral colloids: new life from old roots

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 (1988) ◽  
pp. 20120263 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. W. Lekkerkerker ◽  
G. J. Vroege
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Colloidal Suspensions ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Liquid Crystal Phase ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Crystal Phases ◽  
Liquid Crystal Phases

A review is given of the field of mineral colloidal liquid crystals : liquid crystal phases formed by individual mineral particles within colloidal suspensions. Starting from their discovery in the 1920s, we discuss developments on the levels of both fundamentals and applications. We conclude by highlighting some promising results from recent years, which may point the way towards future developments.

Crystal phase-dependent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of ruthenium–boron intermetallics

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (20) ◽  
pp. 3061-3064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zou ◽  
Lina Wang ◽  
Xuan Ai ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Xiaoxin Zou
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Crystal Phases ◽  
Activity Trends

Four crystal phases of ruthenium–boron intermetallics, including Ru7B3, RuB, Ru2B3 and RuB2, are selectively synthesized and their activity trends toward the HER are investigated.

Crystal phase effect upon O2 activation on gold surfaces through intrinsic strain

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (31) ◽  
pp. 14587-14591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixiang Zhong ◽  
Shuzhou Li
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Gold Surfaces ◽  
Phase Effect ◽  
O2 Activation ◽  
Crystal Phases ◽  
Intrinsic Strain

Different crystal phases have remarkably different surface reactivities due to their distinct intrinsic surface strains even for close-packed surfaces.

Optimization of Active Sites via Crystal Phase, Composition, and Morphology for Efficient Low‐Iridium Oxygen Evolution Catalysts

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (44) ◽  
pp. 19654-19658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Xiao Liang ◽  
Lina Wang ◽  
Tewodros Asefa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Crystal Phase

Mechanism of Synthesizing Al2O3/Fe-Al Composites with Nano Al2O3 Fibers by In Situ Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 837-841
Author(s):  
Chen Jing Lu ◽  
Shu Xia Ren ◽  
Jian Lei Wang ◽  
Gang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
In Situ Composite ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Crystal Composition

In-situ composite of Al2O3/Fe-Al with Al2O3 fibers were prepared by partial oxidation of oxygen to Fe powder and Al power, crystal phase composition and elemental composition were analyzed by XRD, NORAN. The results indicated that, the crystal composition is determined by Aluminum content, when the content is enough, FeAl3, Al and Al2O3 will be gain, on the contrary, Fe2Al, FeAl, Fe3Al and Al2O3 will be gain; Al2O3 fibers were synthesized via VLS process, the quantity of Al2O3 fibers increased with the Al content, the whisker’s diameter was improved with increasing of sintering temperature.

Control of the Crystal Phase Composition of FexOy Nanopowders Prepared by CO2 Laser Vaporization

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4868-4876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Stötzel ◽  
Heinz-Dieter Kurland ◽  
Janet Grabow ◽  
Silvio Dutz ◽  
Eberhard Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Laser Vaporization

scholarly journals Influence of Different Solvents and High-Electric-Field Cycling on Morphology and Ferroelectric Behavior of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-Hexafluoropropylene) Films

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3884
Author(s):  
Till Mälzer ◽  
Lena Mathies ◽  
Tino Band ◽  
Robert Gorgas ◽  
Hartmut S. Leipner
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
High Electric Field ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Ferroelectric Behavior ◽  
Field Cycling

P(VdF-HFP) films are fabricated via a solution casting doctor blade method using high (HVS) and low (LVS) volatile solvents, respectively. The structural properties and the ferroelectric behavior are investigated. The surface structure and crystal phase composition are found to be strongly dependent on the type of solvent. LVS leads to a rougher copolymer surface structure with large spherulites and a lower crystallinity in contrast with HVS. The crystalline phase of copolymer films fabricated with HVS consists almost exclusively of α-phase domains, whereas films from LVS solution show a large proportion of γ-phase domains, as concluded from Raman and X-ray diffraction spectra. Virgin films show no ferroelectric (FE) switching polarization at electric field amplitudes below 180 MV/m, independent of the solvent type, observed in bipolar dielectric displacement—electric field measurements. After applying electric fields of above 180 MV/m, a FE behavior emerges, which is significantly stronger for LVS films. In a repeated measurement, FE polarization switching already occurs at lower fields. A shielding effect may be related to this observation. Additionally, Raman bands of polar γ-phase increase by high-electric-field cycling for the LVS sample. The solvent used and the resulting crystal phase composition of the virgin sample is crucial for the copolymer behavior during bipolar electrical cycling.

scholarly journals Macrophage Polarization Related to Crystal Phases of Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 11252
Author(s):  
Linghao Xiao ◽  
Yukari Shiwaku ◽  
Ryo Hamai ◽  
Kaori Tsuchiya ◽  
Keiichi Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
M1 Macrophage ◽  
Crystal Phases ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Excessive Inflammatory Response

Calcium phosphate (CaP) materials influence macrophage polarization during bone healing. However, the effect of the crystal phase of CaP materials on the immune response of bone remains unclear. In this study, the effect of the crystal phases of CaP materials on the regulation of macrophage polarization was investigated. Human THP-1 cells and mouse RAW 264 cells were cultured with octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and its hydrolyzed form Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite to assess the expression of pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage-related genes. OCP inhibited the excessive inflammatory response and switched macrophages to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, which promoted the expression of the interleukin 10 (IL10) gene. In contrast, HL stimulated an excessive inflammatory response by promoting the expression of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage-related genes. To observe changes in the microenvironment induced by OCP and HL, inorganic phosphate (Pi) and calcium ion (Ca2+) concentrations and pH value in the medium were measured. The expression of the pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage-related genes (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interlukin 1beta (IL1β)) was closely related to the increase in ion concentration caused by the increase in the CaP dose. Together, these results suggest that the microenvironment caused by the crystal phase of CaP materials may be involved in the immune-regulation capacity of CaP materials.

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