Towards improved explosives with a high performance: N-(3,5-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-tetrazol-5-amine and its salts

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1769-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Zhang ◽  
Huiqi Gao ◽  
Chuan Li ◽  
Wei Fu ◽  
Liwei Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
High Energy Density Materials ◽  
Energetic Salts

To reach the long-term, strongly desired goal of high energy density materials (HEDM), a novelN-bridged structure ofN-(3,5-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-tetrazol-5-amine, and its selected nitrogen-rich energetic salts are designed and synthesized.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

A novel facile transformation to 1,2-bis(3-nitro-1-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)hydrazine salts

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 14087-14090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baojing Zhao ◽  
Xingye Li ◽  
Piaopiao Wang ◽  
Yongzhi Ding ◽  
Zhiming Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
High Energy Density Materials ◽  
Energetic Salts ◽  
Facile Transformation

A facile and unique conversion from NN group to HN–NH group was discovered, by which 1,2-bis(3-nitro-1-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)hydrazine and its energetic salts have been readily prepared as high-energy-density materials.

A facile synthesis of energetic salts based on fully nitroamino-functionalized [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazole

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengming Bian ◽  
Wenjing Feng ◽  
Qunying Lei ◽  
Haifeng Huang ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
High Energy Density Materials ◽  
Energetic Salts

Promising high-energy-density materials: energetic salts based on fully nitroamino-functionalized [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazole.

N-functionalized nitroxy/azido fused-ring azoles as high-performance energetic materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (19) ◽  
pp. 7430-7436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaheng Zhang ◽  
Ping Yin ◽  
Lauren A. Mitchell ◽  
Damon A. Parrish ◽  
Jean'ne M. Shreeve
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Nitrate Esters ◽  
Nitrate Ester ◽  
High Energy Density Materials ◽  
Fused Ring

A series of fused ring-based nitrate esters/azides and a coupled-ring-based nitrate ester were prepared as high energy density materials.

Synthesis and properties of 5,5′-dinitramino-3,3′-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole) and its energetic salts

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (14) ◽  
pp. 11390-11395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupeng Cao ◽  
Haifeng Huang ◽  
Xiangyang Lin ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Xuedong Gong
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Energetic Compound ◽  
High Energy Density Materials ◽  
Energetic Salts ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid

In order to develop high energy density materials, 5,5′-dinitramino-3,3′-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole) (3, DNABO), a new heterocyclic energetic compound, was synthesized by the simple nitration of 5,5′-diamino-3,3′-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole) (2) with 95% fuming nitric acid.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Polymer-Grafted Low-K and High-K Nanoparticles for Dielectric and Electronic Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2942
Author(s):  
Bhausaheb V. Tawade ◽  
Ikeoluwa E. Apata ◽  
Nihar Pradhan ◽  
Alamgir Karim ◽  
Dharmaraj Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Grafted Nanoparticles ◽  
Grafting From

The synthesis of polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) or hairy nanoparticles (HNPs) by tethering of polymer chains to the surface of nanoparticles is an important technique to obtain nanostructured hybrid materials that have been widely used in the formulation of advanced polymer nanocomposites. Ceramic-based polymer nanocomposites integrate key attributes of polymer and ceramic nanomaterial to improve the dielectric properties such as breakdown strength, energy density and dielectric loss. This review describes the ”grafting from” and ”grafting to” approaches commonly adopted to graft polymer chains on NPs pertaining to nano-dielectrics. The article also covers various surface initiated controlled radical polymerization techniques, along with templated approaches for grafting of polymer chains onto SiO2, TiO2, BaTiO3, and Al2O3 nanomaterials. As a look towards applications, an outlook on high-performance polymer nanocomposite capacitors for the design of high energy density pulsed power thin-film capacitors is also presented.

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