A low-cost mixed fullerene acceptor blend for printed electronics

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (26) ◽  
pp. 10274-10281 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Cooling ◽  
E. F. Barnes ◽  
F. Almyahi ◽  
K. Feron ◽  
M. F. Al-Mudhaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reaction Yield ◽  
And Performance

The synthesis and performance of a cost-effective mixed fullerene at the 100+ g scale with a reaction yield of 85% is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Optimization of a Handwriting Method by an Automated Ink Pen for Cost-Effective and Sustainable Sensors

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Florin C. Loghin ◽  
José F. Salmerón ◽  
Paolo Lugli ◽  
Markus Becherer ◽  
Aniello Falco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Fast Prototyping ◽  
Do It Yourself

In this work, we present a do-it-yourself (DIY) approach for the environmental-friendly fabrication of printed electronic devices and sensors. The setup consists only of an automated handwriting robot and pens filled with silver conductive inks. Here, we thoroughly studied the fabrication technique and different optimized parameters. The best-achieved results were 300 mΩ/sq as sheet resistance with a printing resolution of 200 µm. The optimized parameters were used to manufacture fully functional electronics devices: a capacitive sensor and a RFID tag, essential for the remote reading of the measurements. This technique for printed electronics represents an alternative for fast-prototyping and ultra-low-cost fabrication because of both the cheap equipment required and the minimal waste of materials, which is especially interesting for the development of cost-effective sensors.

Hybrid Integration Technology for Wearable Sensor Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 647-678
Author(s):  
Li Xie ◽  
Lirong Zheng ◽  
Geng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hybrid Integration ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One

Personalized and pervasive healthcare devices help seamlessly integrate healthcare and wellness into the daily life, independent of time and space. Silicon Integrated Circuit (IC) has been used in many advanced healthcare applications due to the compact size and ultra-low power consumption. Meanwhile, printed electronics (PE) is considered as a promising approach enabling cost-effective manufacturing of thin, flexible, and light-weight devices. A hybrid integration of IC and PE provides a new solution for the future wearable healthcare devices. In this chapter, firstly a customized bio-sensing IC is demonstrated, which can detect and process various bio-signals; secondly, the feasibility and performance of using inkjet printing technology as enabling technology has been examined for the fabrication of flexible bio-sensing devices. Finally, a wearable and flexible Bio-Patch is presented by leveraging hybrid integration of PE and bio-sensing IC. In-vivo test results show that the flexible Bio-Patch provides high quality ECG signal comparable with the one gained by bedside ECG machine.

Hybrid Integration Technology for Wearable Sensor Systems

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xie ◽  
Lirong Zheng ◽  
Geng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hybrid Integration ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One

Personalized and pervasive healthcare devices help seamlessly integrate healthcare and wellness into the daily life, independent of time and space. Silicon Integrated Circuit (IC) has been used in many advanced healthcare applications due to the compact size and ultra-low power consumption. Meanwhile, printed electronics (PE) is considered as a promising approach enabling cost-effective manufacturing of thin, flexible, and light-weight devices. A hybrid integration of IC and PE provides a new solution for the future wearable healthcare devices. In this chapter, firstly a customized bio-sensing IC is demonstrated, which can detect and process various bio-signals; secondly, the feasibility and performance of using inkjet printing technology as enabling technology has been examined for the fabrication of flexible bio-sensing devices. Finally, a wearable and flexible Bio-Patch is presented by leveraging hybrid integration of PE and bio-sensing IC. In-vivo test results show that the flexible Bio-Patch provides high quality ECG signal comparable with the one gained by bedside ECG machine.

scholarly journals Curating Local Knowledge: Experimental Evidence from Small Retailers in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio S Dalton ◽  
Julius Rüschenpöhler ◽  
Burak Uras ◽  
Bilal Zia
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Behavioral Constraints ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Outstanding Question

Abstract Business practices and performance vary widely across businesses within the same sector. A key outstanding question is why profitable practices do not readily diffuse. We conduct a field experiment among urban retailers in Indonesia to study whether alleviating informational and behavioral frictions can facilitate such diffusion in a cost-effective manner. Through quantitative and qualitative fieldwork, we curate a handbook that associates locally relevant practices with performance, and provides idiosyncratic implementation guidance informed by exemplary local retailers. We complement this handbook with two light-touch interventions to facilitate behavior change. A subset of retailers is invited to a documentary movie screening featuring the paths to success of exemplary peers. Another subset is offered two 30 minute personal visits by a local facilitator. A third group is offered both. Eighteen months later, we find significant impacts on practice adoption when the handbook is coupled with the two behavioral nudges, and up to a 35% increase in profits and 16.7% increase in sales. These findings suggest both informational and behavioral constraints are at play. The types of practices adopted map the performance improvements to efficiency gains rather than other channels. A simple cost-benefit analysis shows such locally relevant knowledge can be codified and scaled successfully at relatively low cost.

scholarly journals PSVII-31 Animal acceptability and performance trail of olive pomace on Gallus gallus domesticus

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 357-358
Author(s):  
Benny J Conn ◽  
Stanley F Kelley ◽  
Marcy Beverly ◽  
Mark Anderson ◽  
Payton Snokhous
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Trial

Abstract With feed being a costly input, the goal of any producer is to find feed sources that provide a balance of nutrients that meet the requirements for maintenance, growth, and performance while efficiently contributing to favorable carcass attributes at a low cost. Olive pomace is a by-product of the olive oil industry which can serve as a source of fat (14%), protein (3.6%), and fiber (44.5%). This by-product has potential as a supplemental source of energy and other essential nutrients to be blended into livestock rations. The objective of this study was to conduct an animal acceptability and performance trial using a mixture of olive pomace and commercial poultry feed to determine which blend of feed and pomace would be most acceptable or most desired by broilers. Two pens, consisting of 20 broilers at 34d of age when put on trial, were provided three mixtures of feed in separate feeders. Feeders were filled with either a 1:3, 1:1, or 3:1 olive pomace to commercial broiler feed mixture. Daily consumption rates were used to determine ration preference. The troughs were rotated, twice daily, within each pen to eliminate location preference. The broilers found the 1:3 ratio to be the most preferred (P < 0.01), while the 3:1, and 1:1 ratio did not differ (P < 0.39). In the performance trial, the same broilers were fed the same rations along with a control group for 27d. No difference was detected in body weight at either d0 (P = 0.98) or d27 (P = 0.78) across treatment groups. In comparison to control, 1:1 had a 3% decrease, and 3:1 had a 13% decrease in cost, while, 1:3 had a 4.2 % increase per bird in cost when compared to control. In conclusion, olive pomace can be a cost effective feed supplement for broilers and maintain efficiency of gain.

The development of a low-cost three-dimensional printed shoulder, arm, and hand prostheses for children

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge M Zuniga ◽  
Adam M Carson ◽  
Jean M Peck ◽  
Thomas Kalina ◽  
Rakesh M Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Participant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shoulder Prosthesis ◽  
Main Function ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Aided Design

Background and aim: The prosthetic options for higher level amputees are limited and costly. Advancements in computer-aided design programs and three-dimensional printing offer the possibility of designing and manufacturing transitional prostheses at very low cost. The aim of this project was to describe an inexpensive three-dimensional printed mechanical shoulder prosthesis to assist a pre-selected subject in performing bi-manual activities. Technique: The main function of the body-powered, manually adjusted three-dimensional printed shoulder prosthesis is to provide a cost-effective, highly customized transitional device to individuals with congenital or acquired forequarter amputations. Discussion: After testing the prototype on a young research participant, a partial correction of the patient’s spinal deviation was noted due to the counterweight of the device. The patient’s family also reported improved balance and performance of some bimanual activities after 2 weeks of using the device. Limitations of the design include low grip strength and low durability. Clinical relevance The prosthetic options for higher level amputees are limited and costly. The low-cost three-dimensional printed shoulder prosthesis described in this study can be used as a transitional device in preparation for a more sophisticated shoulder prosthesis.

scholarly journals Design and Performance Evaluation of a Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System for Rural Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hachimenum Nyebuchi Amadi ◽  
Sebastian Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rural Dwellers

Most rural dwellers in developing countries do not have access to adequate and regular supply of energy and most of these estimated two billion people are poor with no sustainable means of livelihood and therefore rely on wood fuel for their cooking and heating needs. And due to lack of energy, including electricity, socio-economic development is either absent or at abysmally low level. To foster rural development and improved living conditions among this populace, there is need for a reliable, low cost and environmentally risk-free source of energy. This work designed, implemented and evaluated the performance of a dual axis solar tracking system (DATS) using light dependent resistor (LDR) sensors, direct current (DC) motors and microcontroller to make it capable of uninterruptible electricity supply for rural applications. Results of the experiment show that the proposed system is more cost-effective and produces 31.4 % more energy than the single axis tracking system (SATS) and 67.9 % more than the fixed PV panel system (FPPS). Owing to the unique design of the proposed tracking system, solar energy can be tracked and stored continuously so that there is adequate electricity for the consuming population at all times. Though tested on a rural community in Abia State, Nigeria, the proposed system can be adapted to rural communities anywhere in the world.  

scholarly journals Novel Weaving Technology for the Manufacture of 2D Net Shape Fabrics for Cost Effective Textile Reinforced Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duy Minh Phuong Vo ◽  
Gerald Hoffmann ◽  
Chokri Cherif
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Weaving Technology ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Despite significant weight and performance advantages over metal parts, today’s demand for fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPC) has been limited mainly by their huge manufacturing cost. The combination of dry textile preforms and low-cost consolidation processes such as resin transfer molding (RTM) has been appointed as a promising approach to low-cost FRPC manufacture. This paper presents an advanced weaving technique developed with the aim to establish a more cost-effective system for the manufacture of dry textile preforms for FRPC. 2D woven fabrics with integrated net shape selvedge can be obtained using the open reed weave (ORW) technology, enabling the manufacture of 2D cut patterns with firm edge, so that oversize cutting and hand trimming after molding are no longer required. The introduction of 2D woven fabrics with net shape selvedge helps to reduce material waste, cycle time and preform manufacturing cost significantly. Furthermore, higher grade of automation in preform fabrication can be achieved.

scholarly journals Uncertainty Analysis for Low-Cost Transformer-Type Inductive Conductivity Sensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Yiğithan Kandur ◽  
Julius Harms ◽  
Thorsten A. Kern
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Noise Shielding ◽  
Transformer Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost

Transformer-type inductive conductivity sensors (TICS) are the industry standard for long-term conductivity measurement in fluids. This paper analyzes the potential of TICS as a low-cost alternative to the cost-effective type of conductivity cells by an implementation with reduced complexity. Sensor characteristics and performance in comparison to high precision sensor are described in the study. Linearity and hysteresis error in measurement, reproducibility and permeability influenced by the temperature change are quantified through the experiments. The results were interpreted in regard to core material, geometric properties and noise shielding. The study presented in this paper provides a better understanding of performance and uncertainty characteristics in order to improve the design of low-cost transformer-type inductive conductivity sensors.

Hybrid Integration Technology for Wearable Sensor Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 128-160
Author(s):  
Li Xie ◽  
Lirong Zheng ◽  
Geng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hybrid Integration ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One

Personalized and pervasive healthcare devices help seamlessly integrate healthcare and wellness into the daily life, independent of time and space. Silicon Integrated Circuit (IC) has been used in many advanced healthcare applications due to the compact size and ultra-low power consumption. Meanwhile, printed electronics (PE) is considered as a promising approach enabling cost-effective manufacturing of thin, flexible, and light-weight devices. A hybrid integration of IC and PE provides a new solution for the future wearable healthcare devices. In this chapter, firstly a customized bio-sensing IC is demonstrated, which can detect and process various bio-signals; secondly, the feasibility and performance of using inkjet printing technology as enabling technology has been examined for the fabrication of flexible bio-sensing devices. Finally, a wearable and flexible Bio-Patch is presented by leveraging hybrid integration of PE and bio-sensing IC. In-vivo test results show that the flexible Bio-Patch provides high quality ECG signal comparable with the one gained by bedside ECG machine.

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